Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry
Aims Mechanical engineering is a branch of engineering science that combines the principles of physics and engineering mathematics with materials science to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems (mechanics, energy, materials, manufacturing) in solving complex engineering problems. Therefore, this journal accommodates all research documentation and reports on technology applications in society and industry from various technology readiness levels (TRL): basic, applied, and report of technology application. Basic - theoretical concepts of natural science, application of engineering mathematics, special and unique materials science, theoretical principles of engineering design, production, energy conversion, or industrial mechatronics/automation that support mechanical engineering analysis with a sustainable engineering perspective. Applied - thermal-mechanical design (energy, applied mechanics, material selection, material strength analysis) to support sustainable design and engineering capabilities. Report of technology application - the impact of technology on economic and social, ecological principles, sustainability principles (sustainability), communication techniques, and factual knowledge that contribute to solving complex and sustainable engineering problems. Scope Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics This scope includes boundary layer control, computational fluid dynamics for engineering design and analysis; turbo engines; aerodynamics in vehicles, trains, planes, ships, and micro flying objects; flow and induction systems; numerical analysis of heat exchangers; design of thermal systems; Wind tunnel experiments; Flow visualization; and all the unique topics related to aerodynamics, mechanics and fluid dynamics, and thermal systems. Combustion and Energy Systems This scope includes the combustion of alternative fuels; low-temperature combustion; combustion of solid particles for hydrogen production; combustion efficiency; thermal energy storage system; porous media; optimization of heat transfer devices; shock wave fundamental propagation mechanism; detonation and explosion; hypersonic aerodynamic computational modeling; high-speed propulsion; thermo-acoustic; low-noise combustion; and all the unique topics related to combustion and energy systems. Design and Manufacturing This scope includes computational synthesis; optimal design methodology; biomimetic design; high-speed product processing; laser-assisted machining; metal plating, micro-machining; studies on the effects of wear and tear; fretting; abrasion; thermoelastic. This scope also includes productivity and cycle time improvements for manufacturing activities; production planning; concurrent engineering; design with remote partners, change management; and involvement of the Industry 4.0 main area in planning, production, and maintenance activities. Dynamics and Control The dynamics and control group includes aerospace systems; autonomous vehicles; biomechanics dynamics; plate and shell dynamics; style control; mechatronics; multibody system; nonlinear dynamics; robotics; space system; mechanical vibration; and all the unique topics related to engine dynamics and control. Materials and Structures The scope of this field includes composite fabrication processes; high-performance composites for automotive, construction, sports equipment, and hospital equipment; natural materials; special materials for energy sensing and harvesting; nanocomposites and micromechanics; the process of modeling and developing nanocomposite polymers; metal alloys; energy efficiency in welding and joining materials; vibration-resistant structure; lightweight-strong design; and all the unique topics related to materials and construction. Vibrations, Acoustics, and Fluid-Structure Interaction This group includes nonlinear vibrations; nonlinear dynamics of lean structures; fluid-structure interactions; nonlinear rotor dynamics; bladed disc; flow-induced vibration; thermoacoustic; biomechanics applications; and all the unique topics related to vibrations, acoustics, and fluid-structure interaction.
Articles
108 Documents
<![CDATA[The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of the dissimilar ASTM A36 steels and 316L stainless steels welding in varied temperature of FeCl2 ]]>
<![CDATA[Darmadi, Djarot Bangun]]>;
<![CDATA[Saputra, Angga]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Slamet Prasetyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Talice, Marco]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13161
<![CDATA[Obtaining perfect dissimilar welding joints, which are exposed to corrosive environments still a problem up to now. The ASTM A36 and 316L stainless steels, dissimilar metals, were joined using Capacitive Discharge Welding (CDW). The welding parameters, such as distance between metals, pressure, applied energy, and surface parameters, were kept constant. The FeCl2 corrosive solution concentration was also kept constant at 0.5M. The temperature of the solution was controlled at varied temperatures, those are: 30 °C, 40 °C, and 50 °C, respectively. The resistance to the Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) load was evaluated by time to fracture for certain dead tensile loads and corrosive media. The SEM EDS data were retrieved to have a deep insight into the SCC mechanism. The results show that, with a 10 °C increase in temperature, the SCC Threshold is decreased by 40% which is supported by the data of time to failure for certain loads and also the SEM EDS.]]>
<![CDATA[Exploring the potential of Indonesian iron sand in the formation of iron nitride for magnetic applications ]]>
<![CDATA[Sidharta, Indra]]>;
<![CDATA[Syah, Rakhasoni Firman]]>;
<![CDATA[Sutikno, Sutikno]]>;
<![CDATA[Darminto, Darminto]]>;
<![CDATA[Shahab, Abdullah]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13234
<![CDATA[Iron nitride is a transition metal material that exhibits ferromagnetic properties at room temperature, making it a suitable candidate for use in Soft Magnetic Composites (SMC) applications. Previous research showed that iron nitride can be synthesized using nano-sized iron oxide powder derived from processed natural iron sand through gas nitriding. Considering the abundance of iron sand in Indonesia, there is a need to carry out an investigation related to iron sand-based SMC. Therefore, this research aims to synthesize iron nitride material using the abundant natural iron sand discovered in Indonesia. This study used iron oxide material synthesized from locally obtained natural iron sand, in the form of Fe3O4 and Fe2O3. Iron oxide undergoes coprecipitation and was subsequently exposed to the gas nitriding process with a holding time of 4 hours and a gas flow of 150 mL/min in NH3 gas. The results show that iron nitride is formed after nitriding of iron oxide powders, and the phases formed include ε-Fe3N and γ’-Fe4N. The synthesized material exhibits soft magnetic properties, with saturation magnetization values ranging from the highest at 75.41 emu/g and the lowest at 18.9 emu/g.]]>
<![CDATA[Ballistic performance of a composite armor reinforced by alumina balls with various matrix materials: A numerical study ]]>
<![CDATA[Prasetyo, Agustinus Andrie]]>;
<![CDATA[Wijaya, Aditya Praba]]>;
<![CDATA[Gustiani, Desi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mulyaningtyas, Akida]]>;
<![CDATA[Riyadi, Tri Widodo Besar]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13314
<![CDATA[This study observed the ballistic performance of the composite armor reinforced by an alumina ball with various matrix materials. The investigation was conducted numerically to establish an effective design of the composite armor for protection against a 7.62 mm bullet impacting at 800 m/s speed. Al 5083, Ti-6Al-4V, Weldox 700E, and Q235 steel, along with ceramic balls acting as reinforcement, make up the composite. The simulation was set in a 3D model and performed using Abaqus finite element software. The outputs of the simulation present the residual velocity, the depth of penetration, the optimized weight-to-penetration depth ratio, and the deformation pattern. The results indicated that the composite armor with ceramic ball reinforcement produced the optimum design using a matrix of Ti-6Al-4V. The matrix with a higher Young modulus has a higher velocity decrease. The matrix with a higher plastic equivalent strength has a higher resistance to the projectile deformation, marked by mushrooming during its penetration. On the contrary, the matrix with a lower plastic equivalent strength forms a ductile hole. This work guides to determination of the optimal design of composite armor containing ceramic balls as reinforcement, considering the different matrix materials.]]>
<![CDATA[Application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) to optimize of green ammonia production using magnetic induction method (MIM) and nanocatalysts ]]>
<![CDATA[Puspitasari, Poppy]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufti, Nandang]]>;
<![CDATA[Fikri, Ahmad Atif]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyudi, Deny Yudo]]>;
<![CDATA[Shaharun, Maizatul Shima binti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmah, Anisa Ur]]>;
<![CDATA[Pramono, Diki Dwi]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Issue in Progress (July-December) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13408
<![CDATA[Ammonia synthesis in conventional industrial plants typically employs fused iron-based catalysts under harsh conditions—temperatures of 400–700°C and pressures exceeding 300 atm—resulting in significant energy consumption. This study investigates the potential of using a Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 catalyst, synthesized under varying sintering temperatures and magnetic field inductions, to enable ammonia synthesis under milder conditions. Additionally, process optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD). Catalyst characterization results indicate that the crystallite size of Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 increases with higher sintering temperatures. The catalyst exhibits a near-spherical morphology with notable agglomeration. Magnetic property analysis shows that samples sintered at 700°C and 900°C display ferrimagnetic behavior, while the sample sintered at 1100°C exhibits ferromagnetic characteristics. Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR) revealed a maximum reduction peak at 788°C for the catalyst sintered at 1100°C, indicating enhanced reducibility. Ammonia formation was successfully achieved using a Helmholtz coil-assisted synthesis method, where the produced ammonia was captured in acidic and basic media in the form of NH₄OH and (NH₄)₂SO₄, confirming the catalytic activity of Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4. The RSM model demonstrated high accuracy with an R² value of 99.73%, and residual analysis confirmed normal distribution, validating model assumptions. The optimal synthesis parameters determined were a sintering temperature of 700°C, magnetic induction of 0.14 T, and a reaction temperature of 28°C. The minimal deviation between predicted and experimental responses confirms the reliability and predictive accuracy of the quadratic regression model.]]>
<![CDATA[Microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir dissimilar AA2024-O/AA6061-T6 welded joints at varying tool rotational speeds ]]>
<![CDATA[Sumarno, Diana Puspita]]>;
<![CDATA[Ilman, Mochammad Noer]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13499
<![CDATA[Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an innovative solid-state welding technique, especially for joints of unweldable metals or even dissimilar metals. In this study, FSW processes of two dissimilar metals, namely AA2024-O and AA6061-T6, were done at different tool rotational speeds of 910, 1500, and 2280 rpm whilst the welding speed was kept constant at 30 mm/min. This research was intended to improve the mechanical properties of the dissimilar FSW joints. A cylindrical pin-equipped tool was selected, and it was tilted at an angle of 2o during welding. Afterwards, microstructural observations, microhardness, and tensile tests were done. Results demonstrated that increasing tool rotation increased the peak temperature, accompanied by better mixing of different metals in the weld nugget zone (WNZ), hence resulting in improved microstructural homogeneity. The hardness distributions for all dissimilar FSW joints were characterized by the appearance of a high hardness region in the central part of WNZ, resulting in a peak of hardness. It was obtained that the FSW joint at 1500 rpm revealed the best ultimate tensile strength (UTS) around 170.38 MPa, which could be a result of precipitation hardening combined with a better homogeneity in WNZ.]]>
<![CDATA[Corrigendum to “Experimental investigations of number of blades effect on archimedes spiral wind turbine performance” [MESI Vol. 4, No. 2 (2024) pp 198-209] ]]>
<![CDATA[Korawan, Agus Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Febritasari, Rosadila]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13996
<![CDATA[In the original article (https://doi.org/10.31603/mesi.12373), there was a mistake in Paragraph 3 (1. Introduction), Paragraph 1 (2.2.1. The archimedes spiral wind turbine (ASWT) design), Table 1 (2.2.2.Mesh generation), Paragraph 1, 2 and 3 (3.1. Experimental result) and 4. Conclusion as published. The mistake involves the use of a comma (,) instead of a period (.) and vice versa in writing numerical values, as well as missing citations. The editor and author have communicated and agreed to correct this issue to avoid misleading readers.All corrections are provided in detail in the PDF file.]]>
<![CDATA[Grape seed oil as a sustainable cutting fluid in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) for enhanced surface roughness and corrosion resistance in 316L stainless steel face milling ]]>
<![CDATA[Widodo, Teguh Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Raharjo, Rudianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Bintarto, Redi]]>;
<![CDATA[Anjasari, Asri]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyudiono, Arif]]>;
<![CDATA[Abidin, Muhammad Zaimi Bin Zainal]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Issue in Progress (July-December) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13399
<![CDATA[This work investigates grape seed oil as a green substitute for conventional mineral-based cutting fluids to reach sustainable manufacturing methods. The application of grape seed oil as a cutting fluid in the machining of 316L stainless steel using the MQL method has not been documented in prior research studies. In this work, the study focuses on determining the effect of the grape seed oil on the surface integrity and comparing these findings to standard dry machining conditions by examining surface topography, roughness, and corrosion resistance at three different spindle speeds (1500, 1800, and 2100 rpm). Results of experiments showed that grape seed oil greatly improved surface quality and corrosion resistance. Surface roughness dropped noticeably by 61.6% at 1500 rpm as opposed to dry machining. Likewise, changes in surface roughness noted were 54.0% at 1800 rpm and 54.9% at 2100 rpm. Furthermore, the potentiodynamic polarization data show that the grape seed oil greatly prevents post-machining corrosion of 316 L stainless steel. The corrosion rates of the material face milled using grape seed oil were decreased by 78.6%, 74.6%, and 80.8% at spindle speeds of 1500, 1800, and 2100 rpm, respectively, when compared with dry face milling. These results indicate that grape seed oil demonstrates its ability as a cutting fluid even for high-speed machining operations. Hence, grape seed oil can address industrial demands for more environmentally friendly manufacturing methods.]]>
<![CDATA[Pyrolysis for plastic waste: Environmental goals vs business interests, which is more realistic? ]]>
<![CDATA[Setiyo, Muji]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunaryo, Sunaryo]]>;
<![CDATA[Rochman, Muhammad Latifur]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.14149
<![CDATA[Global plastic production exceeds 390 million tons annually, yet only about 9% is recycled, leaving severe environmental impacts. Pyrolysis is emerging as a promising solution, converting plastic waste into fuels and chemicals. However, popular claims on mass media and commercial technology publications, that 1 kg of plastic yields 1 liter of fuel are misleading, as they ignore differences in mass, volume, and fuel density. Pyrolysis oil can indeed serve as fuel but often needs further refining to meet engine standards. Economically, it holds potential, with oil prices ranging from USD 600–900 per ton and syngas generating up to 800 kWh per ton. Nonetheless, high capital and operational costs challenge its feasibility, particularly for small-scale operations. Environmentally, pyrolysis aligns with sustainability and circular economy goals, potentially reducing emissions by up to 3.5 tons of CO₂-equivalent per ton of plastic processed. This paper examines pyrolysis critically, addressing misconceptions and evaluating its realistic prospects as both an environmental solution and a business venture.]]>
