Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry
Aims Mechanical engineering is a branch of engineering science that combines the principles of physics and engineering mathematics with materials science to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems (mechanics, energy, materials, manufacturing) in solving complex engineering problems. Therefore, this journal accommodates all research documentation and reports on technology applications in society and industry from various technology readiness levels (TRL): basic, applied, and report of technology application. Basic - theoretical concepts of natural science, application of engineering mathematics, special and unique materials science, theoretical principles of engineering design, production, energy conversion, or industrial mechatronics/automation that support mechanical engineering analysis with a sustainable engineering perspective. Applied - thermal-mechanical design (energy, applied mechanics, material selection, material strength analysis) to support sustainable design and engineering capabilities. Report of technology application - the impact of technology on economic and social, ecological principles, sustainability principles (sustainability), communication techniques, and factual knowledge that contribute to solving complex and sustainable engineering problems. Scope Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics This scope includes boundary layer control, computational fluid dynamics for engineering design and analysis; turbo engines; aerodynamics in vehicles, trains, planes, ships, and micro flying objects; flow and induction systems; numerical analysis of heat exchangers; design of thermal systems; Wind tunnel experiments; Flow visualization; and all the unique topics related to aerodynamics, mechanics and fluid dynamics, and thermal systems. Combustion and Energy Systems This scope includes the combustion of alternative fuels; low-temperature combustion; combustion of solid particles for hydrogen production; combustion efficiency; thermal energy storage system; porous media; optimization of heat transfer devices; shock wave fundamental propagation mechanism; detonation and explosion; hypersonic aerodynamic computational modeling; high-speed propulsion; thermo-acoustic; low-noise combustion; and all the unique topics related to combustion and energy systems. Design and Manufacturing This scope includes computational synthesis; optimal design methodology; biomimetic design; high-speed product processing; laser-assisted machining; metal plating, micro-machining; studies on the effects of wear and tear; fretting; abrasion; thermoelastic. This scope also includes productivity and cycle time improvements for manufacturing activities; production planning; concurrent engineering; design with remote partners, change management; and involvement of the Industry 4.0 main area in planning, production, and maintenance activities. Dynamics and Control The dynamics and control group includes aerospace systems; autonomous vehicles; biomechanics dynamics; plate and shell dynamics; style control; mechatronics; multibody system; nonlinear dynamics; robotics; space system; mechanical vibration; and all the unique topics related to engine dynamics and control. Materials and Structures The scope of this field includes composite fabrication processes; high-performance composites for automotive, construction, sports equipment, and hospital equipment; natural materials; special materials for energy sensing and harvesting; nanocomposites and micromechanics; the process of modeling and developing nanocomposite polymers; metal alloys; energy efficiency in welding and joining materials; vibration-resistant structure; lightweight-strong design; and all the unique topics related to materials and construction. Vibrations, Acoustics, and Fluid-Structure Interaction This group includes nonlinear vibrations; nonlinear dynamics of lean structures; fluid-structure interactions; nonlinear rotor dynamics; bladed disc; flow-induced vibration; thermoacoustic; biomechanics applications; and all the unique topics related to vibrations, acoustics, and fluid-structure interaction.
Articles
108 Documents
<![CDATA[Combustion characteristics of pyrolysis oil droplets from pyrolysis of polyethylene (PE) plastic waste ]]>
<![CDATA[Aji, Dody Bimo]]>;
<![CDATA[Effendy, Marwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Ngafwan, Ngafwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12763
<![CDATA[Plastic waste is suspected to be a major contributor to environmental pollution, thus encouraging the need for innovative and effective management strategies to overcome it. Pyrolysis is considered an affordable way to process plastic waste, and even produce useful products in liquid form, which has the potential to be an alternative fuel in combustion engines. This study evaluated the combustion characteristics of pyrolysis oil derived from polyethylene (PE) plastic waste. The pyrolysis process was carried out under controlled conditions, at a furnace temperature of 250°C, a reactor temperature of 400°C, and a condenser temperature of 300°C, processing 1 kg of PE plastic waste. Temperature data was monitored every 10 minutes by installing several thermocouples. The pyrolysis process was able to produce 671 ml of liquid, which was later identified as plastic pyrolysis oil (PPO PE-11) and the rest in the form of residue reached 45 g. The results indicated that PPO PE-11 has a viscosity of 5.93 mm²/s, which is higher than diesel 3.8173 mm²/s. Meanwhile, its density is 0.779 kg/m³, which is slightly lower than diesel. The calorific value of PPO PE-11 is slightly higher than diesel, reaching 11,046.4 cal/g. The droplet scale combustion tests give a shorter ignition delay of 0.6 seconds at 41.28°C for PPO PE-11, compared to 1 second at 52.525°C for diesel, indicating its flammability.]]>
<![CDATA[Development of hybrid nanofluids and solar heat exchangers (SHX) to improve heat transfer performance in solar panel cooling ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdulah, Amri]]>;
<![CDATA[Shieddieque, Apang Djafar]]>;
<![CDATA[Rajab, Dede Ardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Khoirudin, Khoirudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Sukarman, Sukarman]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12913
<![CDATA[This study examined the thermohydraulic efficiency of a novel Solar Heat Exchanger (SHX) designed for cooling solar panels. The SHX was specifically created for 20 Wp solar panels measuring 450 × 350 mm. The cooling medium was a hybrid nanofluid (HNF) consisting of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ nanoparticles (0.5–1%) suspended in a base fluid of ethylene glycol and water (EG/W) at a 10:90 ratio. Experiments were performed using flow rates ranging from 1 to 3 LPM. The HNF coolant demonstrated enhanced performance in the solar heat exchanger, with a maximum heat transfer rate increase of 56.07% compared with that of the base fluid. This improvement in the heat-transfer rate was associated with an increase in the heat-transfer coefficient, which was influenced by the flow rate and volume fraction of the HNF. The effectiveness of the HNF surpassed that of the base fluids by approximately 117%. The results indicated that higher flow rates and volume fractions improved cooling performance. The enhanced cooling efficiency and innovative SHX design make this study particularly relevant to the development of solar panel cooling systems, particularly those employing hybrid nanofluid coolants.]]>
<![CDATA[Temperature and material flow in one-step double-acting friction stir welding process of aluminum alloy: Modeling and experimental ]]>
<![CDATA[Budiana, Eko Prasetya]]>;
<![CDATA[Hapsari, Sekar Gading Happy]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahmoud, Essam R. I.]]>;
<![CDATA[Triyono, Triyono]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12987
<![CDATA[Aluminum, known for its lower density compared to steel, is widely used in various applications. Welding is often required to form aluminum into technical structures. However, when fusion welding is used, it can lead to porosity in the weld. This occurs due to the significant difference in hydrogen gas solubility between liquid and solid aluminum, which traps hydrogen gas within the weld metal. Friction Stir Welding (FSW), a solid-state welding technique, has been proven to minimize porosity. However, for thick structures, FSW poses challenges, as welding must be done on both sides, increasing the welding time. To overcome this limitation, FSW has been modified into a one-step double-side FSW process, where two tools simultaneously work on both surfaces of the workpiece. This creates a unique condition with two heat sources and two stirring motion sources. To understand the temperature distribution and material flow in this process, modeling was conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The upper and lower tools in the one-step double-side FSW process operate under identical conditions: a rotation speed of 1500 rpm, a welding speed of 30 mm/min, and a tilt angle of 0 degrees. The aluminum plate is treated as fluid, while the tools are considered solid in the model. The results of the temperature distribution modeling were validated against published studies, and the material flow was verified through macro- and microstructural observations of the cross-section. The validation showed that the model is accurate, with an error of only 4.07%.]]>
<![CDATA[Advanced computational techniques for predicting 3D printing distortion in selective laser melting processes of Aluminium AlSi10Mg ]]>
<![CDATA[Choiron, Moch. Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Purnowidodo, Anindito]]>;
<![CDATA[Zacoeb, Achfas]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyawan, Gembong Edhi]]>;
<![CDATA[Wirawan, Willy Artha]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariadi, Yudhi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rennie, Allan E.W.]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurnianingtyas, Diva]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12581
<![CDATA[Distortion for 3D printing using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) on AlSi10Mg aluminium is an important issue that affects the final manufactured product. This research aims to develop a finite element method (FEM)-based computational simulation and experimental validation to predict distortion in 3D printed products using SLM. The study results found that the variation of 3D printing position affects the resulting product's distortion and mechanical properties. The 90° part print position results in smaller distortion of 0.303 and 0.335 mm than the 0° part print position of 0.329 and 0.378, respectively, making it more suitable for high-precision applications. This study confirms the importance of scan orientation in controlling distortion in the SLM process, which can be used as a guide for optimal printing parameters. With proper orientation selection, the risk of distortion or defects in SLM products can be minimised, and industrial production efficiency can be improved.]]>
<![CDATA[The analysis of semiconducting charateristic of rice husk-based carbon nanomaterial bio-activated by pineapple peel juice ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwidiani, Ni Made]]>;
<![CDATA[Suardana, Ngakan Putu Gede]]>;
<![CDATA[Wardana, I Nyoman Gede]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Willy Satrio]]>;
<![CDATA[Puja, I Gusti Ketut]]>;
<![CDATA[Septiadi, Wayan Nata]]>;
<![CDATA[Santhiarsa, I Gusti Ngurah Nitya]]>;
<![CDATA[Tista, Si Putu Gede Gunawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12733
<![CDATA[This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of semiconducting materials derived from rice husk bio-activated by pineapple peel juice, presenting an eco-friendly and sustainable approach. The organic photo-active semiconducting material from rice husk ash (RHA) is synthesized. RHA was activated by immersion in the pineapple juice solution. Distinct structural disparities among RHA, Sunken Carbon nanomaterial (SCNM), and Floating Carbon Nanomaterial (FCNM) materials are revealed through SEM imaging, showcasing the tailored nature of each material. The SEM images also indicate the role of bromelain from the pineapple juice to provide defects on the RHA carbon surface. The crack on the nano particles on the surface of SCNM and FCNM were formed due to the bromelain electrostatic interaction with the surface. Elemental analysis indicates a higher probability of CuO and Si presence in SCNM, suggesting its potential for semiconductor extraction. The Cu to Si ratio implies photoactivity, confirmed by UV-Vis characterization showing absorption peaks in the UV region. FTIR analysis highlights enhanced polar interactions in SCNM and FCNM, attributed to the activation process involving bromelain in pineapple juice. The photoelectric effect testing shows FCNM and SCNM generates more electrical current as exposed to light which. The current was generated due to the electron transport phenomenon of CuO and Si content triggered by photons. The study provides insights into the materials' molecular structures and potential applications in sensors, energy devices, and semiconductor-related technologies, leveraging the unique properties of bio-derived nanomaterials for practical implementation.]]>
<![CDATA[Stress distribution on the L1/L2 endplates under multiaxial loads: A finite element study ]]>
<![CDATA[Wicaksono, Hasyid Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Rafli, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Bilal, Muhamad]]>;
<![CDATA[Lamura, M. Danny Pratama]]>;
<![CDATA[Maula, Mohamad Izzur]]>;
<![CDATA[Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto]]>;
<![CDATA[Winarni, Tri Indah]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamari, Jamari]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12843
<![CDATA[Understanding stress distribution on lumbar vertebral endplates is essential for predicting mechanical failure and guiding clinical interventions. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the von Mises stress patterns on the L1/L2 endplates under multiaxial loading using a 3-dimensional finite element (FE) model derived from CT imaging of a healthy 55-year-old male. Anatomical structures were reconstructed in Mimics 21.0, and simulations were conducted in ANSYS Workbench 2023 R2. Material properties for cortical bone, cancellous bone, and intervertebral disc were assigned based on validated biomechanical data. A compressive load of 500 N and multiaxial moments ranging from 2.5 to 10 N•m were applied to simulate physiological movements, while the inferior surface of L2 was fully constrained to reflect realistic boundary conditions. The results showed that the superior endplate experienced the highest von Mises stress, particularly during flexion and lateral bending, indicating increased vulnerability to mechanical overload. Extension loading significantly reduced stress on both endplates, with a 60.54% decrease on the superior endplate and 69.17% on the inferior endplate. Stress distribution was asymmetrical and was influenced by anatomical features, such as cortical thickness and trabecular alignment. These results show the superior endplate as a biomechanically critical region prone to degeneration, emphasizing its importance in implant design, preventive strategies, and risk assessment for microfracture in high-risk populations.]]>
<![CDATA[Structural strength evaluation of a modular toddler bicycle: Frame design and material considerations for children’s progressive development ]]>
<![CDATA[Rezkita, Katon Ageng]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawan, Arie]]>;
<![CDATA[Tanira, Anastasia Filias]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12961
<![CDATA[The toddler bicycle is essential for promoting gross motor skills in early childhood development, but its usability is often limited by fixed dimensions that do not accommodate a child’s growth. This study explores the concept of modular transformability, which allows the bicycle frame to adapt to different developmental stages, enhancing functionality and supporting sustainability through reduced waste and extended usability. As children grow, their increasing weight demands a robust structural design to ensure both safety and performance. The structural strength and stability of a modular toddler bicycle frame are evaluated using numerical simulations under static loading conditions. Various frame designs and material options are analyzed for displacements and stresses, optimizing performance while maintaining safety. The findings offer insights for improving bicycle frame design and align with a circular design philosophy that prioritizes durability, adaptability, and environmental sustainability.]]>
<![CDATA[Remaining useful life prognosis of low-speed slew bearing using random vector functional link ]]>
<![CDATA[Caesarendra, Wahyu]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahardja, Dimas Revindra]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdillah, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmanto, Seno]]>;
<![CDATA[Handayani, Sri Utami]]>;
<![CDATA[Lestari, Wahyu Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Krolczyk, Grzegorz]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12965
<![CDATA[Bearings have a very important role in an industry. However, the cost of maintenance and replacement of bearings are very expensive especially for slew-bearing which operated in a very low speed. If the low-speed slew bearing shutdown suddenly, it will also cause a financial issue to the certain industries with rely on the rotating machines because the entire machine will be shut down and the production will be stop Therefore, monitoring of the low-speed slew bearing condition at all times is necessary to predict the bearing failure. There has been advance monitoring devices and systems related to the vibration condition monitoring for bearing and rotating machines, however, in certain cases those monitoring devices and systems are not sufficient. Machine learning is offered to complement and contribute in this case which aims to determine the prediction and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the bearing before the bearing experiences more damage. In this paper, the Random Vector Functional Link (RVFL) is used to predict RUL using low speed slew bearing data from University of Wollongong, Australia. The main evaluation matrix such as RMSE is used as an evaluation of the performance of the model used. According to the prediction results, the best modeling results are obtained using a data ratio of 80:20 and a SELU activation function that produces the best average RMSE value. The prediction value of Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the bearing is 94.24%.]]>
<![CDATA[Eliminating compressed air leaks in production process on compressor machine using TRIZ decision making – A case study in Somaliland company ]]>
<![CDATA[Ahmed, Nagib Ismail]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan, Rizal Justian]]>;
<![CDATA[Ma’ruf, Khakam]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdikadir, Mubarik]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamed, Keisa Abdi]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13017
<![CDATA[In Somaliland, electricity is an expensive necessity. The high expense of electricity presents challenges for industrial development in Somaliland. Existing industries must operate efficiently to survive, specifically in the manufacturing sector, which relies heavily on electrical machinery. The compressor is widely used in manufacturing to provide the air supply to production machines, including CNC machines. However, in some cases, the air supply from the compressor is not supplied efficiently due to air leakage in standby mode. This research aims to solve this issue by implementing an integrated system that reduces energy waste caused by compressed air leakage during standby mode. This research is grounded in the application of the TRIZ contradiction matrix, which identified Inventive Principle #28 (Mechanics Substitution) as a potential solution. The proposed solution was subsequently implemented and evaluated using a pilot experimental method within the context of a case study conducted at a manufacturing company located in Hargeisa, Somaliland. The result led to the successful implementation and testing of a control system that integrated the operations of the compressor machine and CNC machine. Compared to the conventional ball valve components, the new system replaced it with an automatic air control valve integrated with the CNC machine emergency button. Electricity consumption on the compressor machine was observed and calculated for twelve months before improvement and twelve months after implementing the improvements. The data was collected for a total of 24 months to compare before improvements and after improvements for each 12 months in a machine. The improvements showed a significant reduction in electricity consumption, from 10,982 kWh to 9,830 kWh representing 10.49% energy savings, and reduced electricity operating costs by SOS 605,952 (USD 1,067) in 12 months.]]>
<![CDATA[Investigation of discrepancies in isotropic material and structural properties in lattice frameworks ]]>
<![CDATA[Arifin, Ahmad Anas]]>;
<![CDATA[Batan, I Made Londen]]>;
<![CDATA[Bici, Michele]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahjudi, Arif]]>;
<![CDATA[Pramono, Agus Sigit]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13018
<![CDATA[Lattice structures have developed as a vital component in advanced engineering applications due to their superior strength-to-weight ratios and adjustable mechanical properties. This paper focuses on examining the correlation between the isotropic features of lattices at the material level and their structural performance. The research used near-isotropic Crossing-cylinder (CC)- Body Centered Cubic (BCC) cells in various orientations and sizes. Both experimental analysis and finite element analysis were used to examine the compressive strength of the structure in each orientation. The results reveal that cell orientation is important for determining failure modes and mechanical performance at the structural level. At 0°, the lattice has higher compressive strength and energy absorption due to effective load transfer via CC-aligned struts. In contrast, higher orientations (e.g., 15°, 30°, and 45°) are dominated by collapse-type failures, indicating anisotropic behavior in an otherwise isotropic design. Smaller cell sizes have more strength at lower orientations due to their higher relative density, but larger cells perform better at higher orientations.]]>
