Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry
Aims Mechanical engineering is a branch of engineering science that combines the principles of physics and engineering mathematics with materials science to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems (mechanics, energy, materials, manufacturing) in solving complex engineering problems. Therefore, this journal accommodates all research documentation and reports on technology applications in society and industry from various technology readiness levels (TRL): basic, applied, and report of technology application. Basic - theoretical concepts of natural science, application of engineering mathematics, special and unique materials science, theoretical principles of engineering design, production, energy conversion, or industrial mechatronics/automation that support mechanical engineering analysis with a sustainable engineering perspective. Applied - thermal-mechanical design (energy, applied mechanics, material selection, material strength analysis) to support sustainable design and engineering capabilities. Report of technology application - the impact of technology on economic and social, ecological principles, sustainability principles (sustainability), communication techniques, and factual knowledge that contribute to solving complex and sustainable engineering problems. Scope Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics This scope includes boundary layer control, computational fluid dynamics for engineering design and analysis; turbo engines; aerodynamics in vehicles, trains, planes, ships, and micro flying objects; flow and induction systems; numerical analysis of heat exchangers; design of thermal systems; Wind tunnel experiments; Flow visualization; and all the unique topics related to aerodynamics, mechanics and fluid dynamics, and thermal systems. Combustion and Energy Systems This scope includes the combustion of alternative fuels; low-temperature combustion; combustion of solid particles for hydrogen production; combustion efficiency; thermal energy storage system; porous media; optimization of heat transfer devices; shock wave fundamental propagation mechanism; detonation and explosion; hypersonic aerodynamic computational modeling; high-speed propulsion; thermo-acoustic; low-noise combustion; and all the unique topics related to combustion and energy systems. Design and Manufacturing This scope includes computational synthesis; optimal design methodology; biomimetic design; high-speed product processing; laser-assisted machining; metal plating, micro-machining; studies on the effects of wear and tear; fretting; abrasion; thermoelastic. This scope also includes productivity and cycle time improvements for manufacturing activities; production planning; concurrent engineering; design with remote partners, change management; and involvement of the Industry 4.0 main area in planning, production, and maintenance activities. Dynamics and Control The dynamics and control group includes aerospace systems; autonomous vehicles; biomechanics dynamics; plate and shell dynamics; style control; mechatronics; multibody system; nonlinear dynamics; robotics; space system; mechanical vibration; and all the unique topics related to engine dynamics and control. Materials and Structures The scope of this field includes composite fabrication processes; high-performance composites for automotive, construction, sports equipment, and hospital equipment; natural materials; special materials for energy sensing and harvesting; nanocomposites and micromechanics; the process of modeling and developing nanocomposite polymers; metal alloys; energy efficiency in welding and joining materials; vibration-resistant structure; lightweight-strong design; and all the unique topics related to materials and construction. Vibrations, Acoustics, and Fluid-Structure Interaction This group includes nonlinear vibrations; nonlinear dynamics of lean structures; fluid-structure interactions; nonlinear rotor dynamics; bladed disc; flow-induced vibration; thermoacoustic; biomechanics applications; and all the unique topics related to vibrations, acoustics, and fluid-structure interaction.
Articles
108 Documents
<![CDATA[Optimization of air suspension system for improved ride and handling performance in road vehicles dynamic ]]>
<![CDATA[Armansyah, Armansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Keshavarzi, Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Kolahdooz, Amin]]>;
<![CDATA[Ferdyanto, Ferdyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Mardhani, Muhammad Destri]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.11634
<![CDATA[This study focused on the optimization of air suspension systems (ASs) for road vehicles concerning on-ride and handling criteria. A quarter DOF vehicle model is used in this study to develop an optimized system based on nonlinear equations. The extracted equations are then linearized and transformed into dimensionless form to gain insights into the system's behavior. By employing the Root-Mean-Square (RMS) method, the dimensionless equations are utilized to optimize the system parameters focused on stability and ride comfort. The five main components are attached in the model which consisted of the sprung mass (SM), unsprung mass (USM), gas spring (GS), auxiliary reservoir (AR), and orifice (O). The optimization procedure involved adjustment to the orifice resistance coefficient, air spring volume, air spring area, and auxiliary volume using the RMS-based method. Simulation analysis revealed the superior performance of the RMS-optimized system in both ride quality and handling. The study concludes by emphasizing the advantages of utilizing the RMS method for optimizing air suspension, resulting in decreased sprung mass acceleration and enhanced handling qualities. Selecting the appropriate design point for the suspension system based on the method outlined in this article can ensure both stability and comfort in the vehicle simultaneously.]]>
<![CDATA[Exploring the feasibility of SS316L fabrication via CMT-based WAAM: A Comprehensive study on microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties ]]>
<![CDATA[Lone, Saboor Fayaz]]>;
<![CDATA[Rathod, Dinesh Wasudeo]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad, Sheikh Nazir]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.11848
<![CDATA[Additive manufacturing (AM) is revolutionizing production, enabling the customization of components for specific applications while promoting sustainable and on-demand manufacturing. This innovative method is especially valuable for producing intricate and custom parts from metallic materials like SS316L. Known for its excellent corrosion resistance and high strength, AISI 316L austenitic steel is widely utilized in aerospace, medical, automotive, and marine industries. This study explores the deposition of multi layered SS316L wall using the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT)-based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technique. The resultant multilayered wall exhibited seamless fusion devoid of macroscopic defects. A comprehensive analysis of its morphology, microstructure, mechanical properties, and tribological performance was conducted. Microstructural examination revealed a progression from fine equiaxed grains with ferrites in the lower sections to coarser columnar grains with acicular ferrites in the upper sections. Vickers microhardness and Charpy impact tests indicated a decline in hardness and impact energy from lower to upper sections. Uniaxial tensile tests demonstrated decreasing yield and ultimate tensile strengths, alongside significant ductility and toughness. The coefficient of friction and wear rate escalated with higher loads and from lower to upper sections, predominantly displaying abrasive wear mechanisms. These results validate the efficacy and durability of the SS316L CMT-based WAAM process in fabricating high-quality structures with tailored mechanical and tribological properties.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimization of preparation parameters of palm oil-based nanofuel with multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) for stability using Taguchi-grey relation analysis (GRA) combination ]]>
<![CDATA[Nauri, Imam Muda]]>;
<![CDATA[Andoko, Andoko]]>;
<![CDATA[Prasetya, Riduwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Pasha, Muhammad Faizullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Akbar, Muhamad Rizky]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmawan, Muhammad Wahid]]>;
<![CDATA[Puspitasari, Poppy]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.11945
<![CDATA[This research optimizes the preparation parameters of palm oil-based nanofuel and Multi Wall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) to produce stable nanofuel. The parameters optimized include stirrer speed, sonication time, sonication power, and surfactant ratio, with stability measured through absorbance and sedimentation ratio (SR). The Taguchi method, using an L9 orthogonal array designed with minitab 19.0 software, was employed for single-objective optimization, while Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) is applied for multi-objective optimization. Experimental results show that the optimal conditions for absorbance are stirrer speed of 1000 rpm, sonication time of 30 minutes, sonication power of 200 watts, and surfactant ratio of 1, whereas for sedimentation ratio the optimal conditions are stirrer speed of 1000 rpm, sonication time of 30 minutes, sonication power of 150 watts, and surfactant ratio of 1. ANOVA analysis reveals that surfactant concentration contributes the most to nanofuel stability, with contributions of 79.63% for absorbance and 82.60% for sedimentation ratio. Multi-objective GRA optimization results also show that surfactant concentration is the most dominant factor, contributing 71.5% to the Grey Relational Grade (GRG). The consistency of optimal parameters yielded by both Taguchi and GRA methods reinforces the validity and consistency of this study's results. This research provides a strong foundation for the development of more stable nanofuels, potentially enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability. These findings offer practical guidelines for real-world applications and make significant contributions to nanofuel technology]]>
<![CDATA[Overview of anodization and silver coating for titanium alloys: Process parameters and biomedical insights ]]>
<![CDATA[Andoko, Andoko]]>;
<![CDATA[Khoyroh, Syafira Bilqis]]>;
<![CDATA[Aminnudin, Aminnudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Prasetya, Riduwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 3 (2024): Special Issue on Technology Update 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.11986
<![CDATA[Anodization is a critical electrochemical process for producing titanium oxide layers with varying characteristics, significantly influencing the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and performance of bone implants. This study systematically reviews the current state of research on the effects of anodization parameters and silver coatings on the morphology, functional groups, and phase identification of Ti-6Al-4V bone implants. By synthesizing findings from 18 relevant studies selected from 1044 screened articles (2000–2023), this review provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the role of anodization and silver coating in improving implant performance. The review highlights how variations in anodization parameters—such as electrolyte composition, voltage, and duration—significantly impact critical implant properties, including corrosion resistance, antimicrobial efficacy, and biocompatibility. Additionally, silver coatings are underscored for their antimicrobial benefits and ability to address challenges such as bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Beyond functional improvements, this review identifies gaps in the literature, such as the limited exploration of process optimization and the environmental implications of implant fabrication, offering actionable insights for future research. The novelty of this article lies in its holistic synthesis of fragmented findings, bridging material science, biomedical functionality, and sustainability. It provides a structured evaluation of key process parameters and their influence on implant performance, emphasizing the need for balanced approaches that integrate clinical effectiveness with environmentally responsible practices. By offering a unified perspective, this review serves as a valuable reference for advancing both research and practical applications in the development of high-performance bone implants.]]>
<![CDATA[Modulating the holding time of hardening process in Q-P-T heat treatment: An experimental study on mechanical properties of medium-carbon steel plate ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad, Alief]]>;
<![CDATA[Prasetiyo, Dani Hari Tunggal]]>;
<![CDATA[Puspitasari, Poppy]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12053
<![CDATA[The metal heat treatment industry has seen substantial growth, with market projections increasing by USD 15.18 billion from 2022 to 2027, driven by advancements in technology. The iron and steel industry significantly contributes to this growth, accounting for six percent of the market share. In this evolving landscape, the Quenching-Partitioning-Tempering (Q-P-T) technique is emerging as a valuable heat treatment process for enhancing Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS). The Q-P-T process, involving Quenching, Partitioning, and Tempering, aims to improve the mechanical properties of medium-carbon steels through controlled thermal modifications. This study explores the effects of varying holding times during the Q-P-T treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of medium-carbon steel ST60-2. Steel samples were subjected to holding times of 10, 15, and 20 minutes at a temperature of 920°C, followed by quenching to 350°C and partitioning at the same temperature for 15 minutes, with final tempering at 200°C. The results indicate that longer holding times enhance mechanical properties such as Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), Product of Strength and Elongation (PSE), and hardness, with the 20-minute sample (Sample 3) achieving the highest UTS of 74.02 kgf/mm² and elongation of 16.63%. Hardness peaked at 109.33 HRB, and improved toughness was observed due to better phase transformation and carbon partitioning (1.36 Joule/mm²). Microstructural analysis revealed finer and more uniformly distributed cementite particles with extended holding times, contributing to enhanced material performance. The findings underscore the potential of Q-P-T heat treatment in optimizing medium-carbon steels, offering a tailored approach for applications requiring superior mechanical properties.]]>
<![CDATA[Challenges of implementing Industry 4.0 in developed and developing countries: A comparative review ]]>
<![CDATA[Surindra, Mochamad Denny]]>;
<![CDATA[Caesarendra, Wahyu]]>;
<![CDATA[Krolczyk, Grzegorz]]>;
<![CDATA[Gupta, Munish Kumar]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 3 (2024): Special Issue on Technology Update 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12177
<![CDATA[Indonesia could transform the manufacturing industry by making Indonesia 4.0, despite the many uncertainties of implementing Industry 4.0 due to high investment costs and unclear returns. Therefore, looking at neighboring countries such as Germany, the country that initiated Industry 4.0, and China, the country taking the lead in implementing Industry 4.0, it is considered essential for the manufacturing industry in Indonesia to understand how towards the revolution and identify the development of the Industry 4.0 program. Germany is confident in its capabilities in the field of manufacturing technology. It makes the main challenge in carrying out Industry 4.0 'Investment Capital, Employee Qualifications, and Security of Data Transfer and Legislation'. On the other hand, China faces significant challenges in Manufacturing Capabilities, Research and Development (R&D), and Human Capital. To adopt the transformation technology and self-assess the internal resources, Indonesia created a tool, namely the Indonesia Industry 4.0 Readiness Index (INDI 4.0). This article presents a comparative review of the Industry 4.0 readiness index from the perspective of Germany and Singapore as a developed country compared to developing countries such as China, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This study aims to provide awareness related to the readiness index, which can be used to inform industries whether they are suitable for applying Industry 4.0 and how to measure whether their employees are capable of it. In general, the INDI 4.0 measuring instrument shows the readiness of companies in Indonesia, and according to the recent assessment, the industries in Indonesia are at a moderate level, especially in the field of technology application and operation.]]>
<![CDATA[A Review on nanolubricant for refrigeration systems: Stability, thermophysical properties, and performance characteristics ]]>
<![CDATA[Prayogo, Galang Sandy]]>;
<![CDATA[Mamat, Rizalman]]>;
<![CDATA[Ghazali, Mohd. Fairusham]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Kozin, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Muriban, Jackly]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 3 (2024): Special Issue on Technology Update 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12204
<![CDATA[Many researchers have introduced nanolubricants in the field of refrigeration systems to improve performance. Nevertheless, academic literature lacks comprehensive explanations of the impact of nanoparticles on the physical phenomena that influence the refrigeration system. Several factors such as stability, agglomeration, and distribution can significantly affect the sustainability of performance. Hence, this work provides an analysis of the methods using nanolubricants to improve the performance of refrigeration systems. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance parameters of the refrigeration system, including compressor work and coefficient of performance (COP), when utilizing nanolubricants. The study findings suggest that including nanolubricants in the refrigeration system can enhance the heat transfer coefficient. Hence, nanolubricants are identified as the most promising contenders for enhancing the efficiency of the refrigeration system.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimized deposition parameters for titanium nitride coatings: Enhancing mechanical properties of Al 6011 substrates via DC sputtering ]]>
<![CDATA[Margono, Margono]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmadi, Djarot Bangun]]>;
<![CDATA[Gapsari, Femiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Widodo, Teguh Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Kozin, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Puranto, Prabowo]]>;
<![CDATA[Kamil, Muhammad Prisla]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitriani, Diah Ayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Azahra, Siti Amalina]]>;
<![CDATA[Andriyanti, Wiwien]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12266
<![CDATA[The growing demand for advanced coatings in industries such as aerospace and automotive necessitates materials with superior hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability. Despite advancements in ternary coatings, research on binary Titanium Nitride (TiN) coatings remains limited, particularly in optimizing deposition parameters for lightweight aluminum substrates. This study aims to investigate the effects of sputtering parameters, specifically Ar:N₂ gas ratios and deposition durations, on the mechanical properties of TiN coatings on Al 6011 substrates. The optimized conditions (70Ar:30N₂ gas ratio and 60-minute deposition) yielded a 165% increase in surface hardness (88.92 HV) and a 54% reduction in wear rate compared to untreated samples. XRD and SEM analyses confirmed the dense microstructure and strong (200) phase orientation contributing to these enhancements. This research highlights a cost-effective and scalable approach to improving the performance of aluminum alloys, bridging the gap between fundamental studies and industrial applications.]]>
<![CDATA[Opportunities and challenges in the sustainable integration of natural fibers and particles in friction materials for eco-friendly brake pads ]]>
<![CDATA[Imran, Al Ichlas]]>;
<![CDATA[Siregar, Januar Parlaungan]]>;
<![CDATA[Mat Rejab, Mohd Ruzaimi]]>;
<![CDATA[Cionita, Tezara]]>;
<![CDATA[Hadi, Agung Efriyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Jaafar, Jamiluddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitriyana, Deni Fajar]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi, Rozanna]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 3 (2024): Special Issue on Technology Update 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12271
<![CDATA[The high concentration of metallic components in the pad composite improves breaking ability at elevated temperatures and frequencies, bolstering the automobile's braking system. The brake pad operates through friction mechanisms, generating PM 10 and PM 2.5 particulate matter that is emitted into the atmosphere, adversely affecting the well-being of humans and animals. Therefore, eco-friendly materials like natural fiber and organic particles are being used as substitutes for the metal in brake pads. However, natural fibers and particles exhibit unique characteristics when interacting with other materials, presenting significant challenges in brake pad composites such as variations in physical properties, limited thermal resistance, and potential degradation at high temperatures and humid environments. These aspects play a crucial role and can affect the structural strength, wear resistance, and overall performance of composite brake pads, especially when operating under extreme braking conditions. This paper review critically discusses automotive braking systems, the benefits of non-natural fiber brake pads, the process of particle emission formation, the components and manufacturing factors of composite brake pads, and the environmentally friendly qualities of brake pads. This study provides an exciting opportunity to advance our knowledge of the presence of natural fibers and organic particles in composite brake pads, which greatly improves the performance of automotive brake systems because they have super physical and mechanical properties, as well as great tribological and thermal endurance. Moreover, eco-friendly brake pads are typically biodegradable, which helps reduce ecological damage, minimize health concerns for humans and animals, and promote a sustainable automobile sector. Furthermore, eco-friendly brake pads show great potential for further advancement in reducing pollutant emissions and enhancing performance.]]>
<![CDATA[Experimental investigations of number of blades effect on archimedes spiral wind turbine performance ]]>
<![CDATA[Korawan, Agus Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Febritasari, Rosadila]]>
<![CDATA[ Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12373
<![CDATA[This study investigates the effect of blade numbers on the performance of Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbines (ASWT), a low-speed axial flow turbine with an Archimedean spiral blade design. Experimental tests and numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate power generation and fluid flow behavior. Results revealed that a three-blade ASWT achieved optimal performance, producing 158.5% more power than the four-blade configuration. The findings highlight the significant influence of blade numbers on ASWT efficiency, offering insights for improving wind turbine design in urban renewable energy applications.]]>
