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INDONESIA
IJCR (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research)
Published by Universitas Islam Indonesia
ISSN : 23549610     EISSN : 26145081     DOI : 10.20885
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology
IJCR is intended to be the journal for publishing articles reporting the results of research on Chemistry field with related topics, as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. The types of articles published in this journal include research articles, review articles and short communication. This journal covers some topics include: Inorganic Chemistry Physical Chemistry Computational Chemistry Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry Organic Chemistry Food and Medicinal Chemistry Environmental Chemistry Material Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 118 Documents
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Sintesis Adsorben dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit dengan Metode Delignifikasi - Microwave Alkali dan Uji Performanya pada Pemurnian Minyak Sawit Jelantah Cahyari, Khamdan; Alhusnah, Dara; zulkania, Ariany
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art1

Abstract

Palm kernel shell (PKS), a byproduct accounting for up to 60% of palm oil production, is often used solely as fuel. However, due to its silica content, PKS can also function as an adsorbent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of delignification on the quality of PKS as an adsorbent, specifically its ability to adsorb free fatty acids from used palm cooking oil. Delignification was performed using a microwave-alkali (Mw-A) method. Initially, PKS was cleaned, ground into powder, and sieved to 25 mesh. The powder was then delignified using Mw-A before activation with NaOH concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The temperature settings were 70⁰C, 80⁰C, and 90⁰C, with durations of 30, 35, and 40 minutes. The delignified PKS was carbonized at 400⁰C for 2 hours to produce the adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of each adsorbent was tested on free fatty acids in used palm cooking oil. Results indicated that the Mw-A assisted delignification significantly enhanced the adsorption efficiency, achieving a 55% adsorption capacity at 30% NaOH concentration, 90⁰C temperature, and 35 minutes. In comparison, PKS without Mw-A assisted delignification adsorbed only 32% of free fatty acids. It was showed that the adsorption kinetics belong to pseudo-first order reaction. Thus, delignification proved to be an effective pretreatment method to enhance PKS's adsorption capacity.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Tembaga dengan Bioreduktor Limbah Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus costaricensis) Qomariyah, Ani; Istatik Badi'ah, Hanim
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art3

Abstract

The green chemistry technique was carried out for the very first time to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) by applying CuSO4 as a precursor and red dragon fruit peel extract as a reducing agent. The extracting procedure of red dragon fruit peel was conducted by maceration technique with solvent of methanol. Cu-NPs were produced through green chemistry by the reduction method. Cu-NPs were prepared by combining CuSO4 solution with red dragon fruit peel extract in the compositions of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. The successfully synthesized Cu-NPs were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The variation in the volume of reducing agent affect the maximum wavelength produced. The optimum concentration of reducing agent (1:5) shows the highest intensity at 650 nm. The optimum pH for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) with dragon fruit extract was 6. Cu-NPs were stable at 20 minutes to 1 hour. From the SEM figure of Cu-NPs, it can be observed that the particles are of round shape. Volume or weight analyzes of Cu-NPs employing PSA provided particle diameters between 80 and 120 nm with an approximate distribution of 100 nm.
Smart Biosensor Berbasis Nanopartikel Tembaga dengan Reduktor Kulit Buah Naga sebagai Pendeteksi Formalin pada Sampel Makanan Qomariyah, Ani; Fisabilla, Adhinda; Hanifa, Nur Lailatul; Kusuma, Okta Nata
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art4

Abstract

Green chemistry technique was conducted for the first time to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) using CuSO4 as precursor and red dragon fruit peel extract as reducing agent which was then applied as formalin sensor. The extraction procedure of red dragon fruit peel was carried out by maceration technique with methanol solvent. Cu-NPs were produced through green chemistry by reduction method. Compounds in red dragon fruit peel extract reduce Cu2+ to Cu0. The successfully synthesized Cu-NPs were analyzed using FT-IR and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Identification of functional groups with FTIR showed a shift in wave number between pure CuSO4 precursor and Cu-NPs, indicating the interaction of functional groups. Based on 15 samples tested for formaldehyde levels, there were two samples with levels above the threshold, namely meatball 2 with an average formaldehyde level of 13.77 ± 0.25 ppm packaged without a “Halal” label and tofu 3 with a formaldehyde level of 4.18 ± 0.99 ppm packaged without a “Halal” label.
IDENTIFIKASI 11-NOR-Δ 9 -TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL-9-CARBOXYLIC ACID (THC-COOH) DALAM SAMPEL URIN MENGGUNAKAN INSTRUMEN GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS) Utami, Maisari; Abdushshobir, Muhammad Fadhil; Tanti, Tanti
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art5

Abstract

“Narkoba” is known as an narcotics, psychotropics, and other addictive substances. Drugs are substances that can affect brain function and often cause dependence. One type of drug that is common in Indonesia is marijuana. Marijuana is a psychotropic that contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). When THC enters the human body, it will undergo a metabolic process and produce metabolites in the form of 11-nor-δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH) which are then excreted in the urine. Urine identification can be used to prove someone's use of marijuana. Identification is carried out using urine from the National Narcotics Agency's Narcotics Laboratory Center to confirm the presence of THC-COOH using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Urine identification is carried out with a preliminary rapid test and a confirmation test using a GC-MS instrument. The identification results showed that the urine was positive for THC-COOH.
Validasi Metode Penentuan Kandungan Kafein dalam Teh Hijau dengan FTIR Isnaini, Nur
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art6

Abstract

The FTIR UATR method for quantifying caffeine in green tea samples was validated. ATR (Attenuated Total Reflectance) , a technique for direct analysis without sample preparation, was employed. Caffeine was determined at peak absorption between 1600 and 1700 cm-1. Calibration using standard concentrations from 0 to 5% yielded excellent linearity with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9978. Precision, measured as % RSD (2.8369%), met the acceptable limit of 2/3 the Horwitz CV (4.5323). Accuracy was confirmed through spiking, resulting in a recovery of 100.3%, within the acceptable range of 95-105%. These findings demonstrate the suitability of this method for caffeine analysis in green tea samples.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Dari Kulit Batang Tumbuhan Niko (Grewia koordersiana Burret) Klotilde Manek, Marliana; Landi Pote, Lodowik; Nadut, Anggelinus
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art7

Abstract

Isolation and characterization of secondary metabolite compounds from the bark of the Niko plant (G. koordersiana Burret) aims to determine the type of secondary metabolite compounds and the characteristics of secondary metabolite compounds. The methods used are extraction, chromatography and spectrophotometry. A total of 500 g of Niko bark powder, macerated with methanol solvent, obtained a thick extract with a yield of 52.09%. The results of phytochemical tests showed that the methanol extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins. The results of fractionation by column chromatography using methanol eluent: ethyl acetate (1:3) obtained 20 fractions. The results of TLC for each fraction obtained 4 fractions with a single spot, namely fractions 11, 12, 15 and 16, where fractions 11 and 16 had Rf 0.3 and fractions 12 and 15 had Rf 0.7. Fraction A is fraction 11 and 16 with single spot concentrated and obtained extract of 2.09 grams (8.93%) and fraction B is fraction 12 and 15 obtained extract of 2.74 grams (11.53%). The results of characterization by UV-Vis spectrophotometry for fraction A obtained two absorption bands at wavelengths of 280 and 235 nm. Fraction B obtained two absorption bands at wavelengths of 280 and 245 nm. The results of the characterization using Infrared spectroscopy of methanol extract of Niko bark (G. koordersiana Burret) showed the presence of -OH groups at wave numbers 3383.14 cm-1 and aliphatic C-H groups (stretching) at wave numbers 2983.88 cm-1, carbonyl C=O groups at wave numbers 1741.72 cm-1, aliphatic C-H groups (bending) and alcohol C-O groups at wavelengths 1244.09, 1045.42 and 1033.85 cm-1. Based on the results of the UV-Vis and IR spectra, both isolates contain the same compounds.
Pengukuran Nilai pH Dan Kadar BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) di Telaga Belahan Rejo Sebagai Pemantauan Kualitas Air Di Kabupaten Gresik Sa'adah, Nafiatus; Zummah, Atiqoh; Teguh Pribadi, Eko; Safarina, Nourma
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art8

Abstract

Belahan Rejo Lake is one of the water bodies in Gresik Regency. Belahan Rejo lake water is used by the surrounding community for daily purposes such as irrigation of rice fields, plantations, fisheries, domestic, and so on. Activities carried out by the community around Belahan Rejo lake can affect water quality and can even cause water pollution. The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of Belahan Rejo lake water in terms of pH and BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) parameters. Analysis of pH values is carried out based on the SNI 6989.11: 2019 method using a pH meter tool while analysis of BOD levels is carried out based on the SNI 6989.72: 2009 method by looking at the value of dissolved oxygen using a DO meter tool. The results of the analysis show that Telaga Water in Belahan Rejo Hamlet, Gresik Regency is in accordance with quality standards with a pH value of 6.5 and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels of 5.1 mg/L.
Pengukuran Kadar Kromium Heksavalen (Cr (VI)) dan Fenol di Telaga Dusun Belahan Rejo Sebagai Pemantauan Kualitas Air di Kabupaten Gresik Andini, Eka Andini San Putri; Zummah, Atiqoh; Teguh Pribadi, Eko; Safarina, Nourma
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art9

Abstract

The decline in water quality is caused by increasing human activities. Likewise, human activities around the Belahan Rejo Hamlet lake affect water quality and can potentially reduce the quality of the lake water itself. This research was conducted to determine the levels of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI)) and Phenol from the water of Belahan Rejo Hamlet Lake as monitoring and supervision to determine the condition of water quality. Analysis of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI)) levels was carried out using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry referring to the SNI 6989.71: 2009 method and obtained an average value of 0.0148 mg/L, while Phenol levels were carried out using the HACH DR1900 Portable Vis Spectrophotometer referring to the DOC 316.53.01108 method and obtained a result of 0.018 mg/L. Based on the quality standards stipulated in Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management, Appendix VI concerning the quality standards for Lake Water and the like, class 4, the quality standard for the Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI)) parameter is 1 mg/L and for the Phenol parameter is 0.02 mg/L. The levels of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI)) and Phenol from this test are below the standard water quality limits, meaning that the lake water can still be used to irrigate crops and/or for other purposes that require the same water quality as these uses.
Synthesis of Rice Husk-Based Biocomposites Coated with Sodium Alginate and Their Use in Congo Red Dye Adsorption Purwiandono, Gani; lestari, puji; Egi Saputra, Noventa
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art11

Abstract

In this study, synthesis of a sodium alginate-coated rice husk-based biocomposite as a substitute adsorbent to lessen the negative impacts of congo red dye was conducted. A calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution was used in the sonication and encapsulation processes to produce the biocomposite material. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy were used to characterize the biocomposite material. Adsorption experiments showed that the optimum pH was 3 and the dye concentration was varied between 10 and 50 ppm and adsorbent mass between 0.05 and 1.5 grams. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order linear model, while the adsorption isotherm model matched the Freundlich model. According to these results, biocomposites of rice husk and sodium alginate have a potential to be an environmental-friendly way to manage the textile waste.
Pembuatan Pektin dari Limbah Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis) dengan Variasi Volume Pelarut HCl Amborowati , Cindi; Miana Sari Tinambunan
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art12

Abstract

Sweet orange peel waste contains various useful chemical compounds, one of which is pectin. Pectin is a thickening agent commonly used in the food industry. Pectin is obtained by extracting it using acidic solvents. This study aims to determine the effect of HCl solvent volume on the pectin produced. Sweet orange peel was extracted as much as 10 g using 0.5 HCl solvent with solvent volume 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 mL at 90 ˚C for 2 hours. The resulting pectin characteristic testing is compared with IPPA (International Pectin Producers Association) pectin quality standards. The highest yield was obtained at a solvent volume of 400 mL of 11.11%. The water content does not meet the standard because the magnitude is above 12. The characterization of methoxyl levels is classified as high methoxyl because it has a methoxyl value of >7.12 and an esterification degree of >50. Galacturonate levels are high at 54.46% and equivalent weight is low at 388.85 mg. Certain wavenumber results in the FTIR test indicate conformity with the pectin structure

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