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Automotive Experiences
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
ISSN : 26156202     EISSN : 26156636     DOI : 10.31603/ae
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Automotive experiences invite researchers to contribute ideas on the main scope of Emerging automotive technology and environmental issues; Efficiency (fuel, thermal and mechanical); Vehicle safety and driving comfort; Automotive industry and supporting materials; Vehicle maintenance and technical skills; and Transportation policies, systems, and road users behavior.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Otomotif
Articles 233 Documents
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Combustion Analysis of Ammonia/Gasoline Mixtures at Various Injection Timing Conditions in a High Compression Ratio SI Engine with Sub-Chamber Ichiyanagi, Mitsuhisa; Yilmaz, Emir; Suzuki, Takashi; Okada, Takanobu; Yamamoto, Hikaru; Kodaka, Masashi; Shiraishi, Hikaru; Mukae, Shinnosuke; Tamba, Ryota; Widjaja, Henry; Jonathan, Leon; Gunawan, Sebastian; Gotama, Gabriel Jeremy; Anggono, Willyanto
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10533

Abstract

Due to the problem of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, alternative fuels such as ammonia (NH3) have garnered a lot of attention lately. This is due to its carbon-free molecular structure, ease of transport, and high energy density. Unfortunately, ammonia is not without flaws since it is considered a difficult fuel to burn in conventional internal combustion engines. To further investigate the burning characteristics of ammonia, this study is conducted for ammonia/gasoline co-combustion using a modified engine equipped with a sub-chamber. The engine ran at 1000 RPM and had a 17.7 compression ratio with two injection timings of -55 and 10 crank angle degrees (°CA) after the top dead center (ATDC), while the ammonia energy ratios were adjusted across a range from 40% to 70%. The results show that the earlier injection timing allowed better premixing between the air and fuel mixture, thus enhancing the overall combustion characteristics. For the later injection timing, the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions decrease at the higher ammonia energy ratio due to the denitrification of the nitrogen oxides (DeNOX) process. Overall, the earlier injection timing appears optimal for the 40% to 70% ammonia energy ratio under the present condition.
Optimization of the MCM-48 Synthesis Method as a Catalyst in the Esterification of Nyamplung Seed Oil into Biodiesel Kolo, La; La Kalamu, La Yusran; Soekamto, Nunuk Hariani; Taba, Paulina; Fauziah, St.; Maming, Maming; Zakir, Muhammad
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10570

Abstract

This study was conducted to synthesize MCM-48 based on the surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Triton X-100). The effect of surfactant on MCM-48 was studied in the esterification of nyamplung seed oil. Optimization of the amount of surfactant in the MCM-48 catalyst in the esterification of nyamplung seed oil was carried out by washing and calcination methods. Comparison of GC-MS method and acid-base titration was also studied to determine the activity of the MCM-48 catalyst in the esterification. The results of the Mann Whitney statistical test showed that there was no significant difference (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.967) for the two methods. The effect of the active site on the MCM-48 catalyst activity in the esterification was characterized by FTIR and XRD. The catalyst's activity is significantly influenced by both the percentage transmittance of the silanol active site and the surfactant removal method. The MCM-48 catalyst manufactured by calcination (CTAB-MCM-48/650) performed 12.31% better than the washing approach (CTAB-MCM-48/1w). However, the CTAB-MCM-48 catalyst can be applied to the simultaneous reaction (esterification and transesterification) of the conversion of nyamplung seed oil into biodiesel.
Application of Multi-objective Adjoint-based Aerodynamic Optimisation on Generic Road Vehicle with Rear Spoiler Yudianto, Aan
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10577

Abstract

Finding possible solutions where there are multiple conflicting objectives to be simultaneously satisfied is a challenging situation. Multi-objective optimisation of a rear spoiler on a generic road vehicle model is carried out by using adjoint-based optimisation coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics. The study aims to reduce the vehicle drag and increase vehicle downforce simultaneously by optimising the shape of the spoiler, by allowing the deformation to achieve the most optimised shape assuming no manufacturing constraint. The OpenFOAM software was used for the solver. A strategy for multi-objective optimisation was proposed by assigning appropriate objective function weight, leading to some possible solutions and Pareto front of the proposed design family. Five optimisation solutions of the non-dominated solution Pareto front resulting from the spoiler shape optimisation are presented, explaining the trade-off between conflicting drag and downforce objectives on the vehicle model. The baseline geometry of the simulation is in good agreement with the experimental measurement. The analysis of the shape changes in the proposed optimisation is deeply investigated in terms of the optimised geometry deformation, velocity contour comparison, recirculating region on the base, pressure coefficient comparison and stream-wise velocity component at the slant region of the model. The adjoint-based optimisation method in the presence study can handle multiple objective optimisations and generate possible optimised spoiler shapes to reduce drag and increase downforce. Free deformation of the shape yields in the unique shapes of the spoiler, enabling to manipulate of the base flow at the rear of the vehicle model.
Progress in the Developments of Heat Transfer, Nanoparticles in Fluid, and Automotive Radiators: Review and Computational Bibliometric Analysis Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani; Al Husaeni, Dwi Novia; Obaidi, Abdulkareem Sh. Mahdi Al; Hammouti, Belkheir
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10580

Abstract

This research aims to determine the development of the number of scientific publications in the field of particulate matter; the number of publications from each country that publish articles on heat transfer, nanoparticles, and automotive radiators; articles with the highest number of citations; and visualization publication development map based on keywords. To achieve this goal, quantitative descriptive research was carried out using bibliometric analysis with the help of the publish or perish (PoP) application to collect data and VOSviewer to visualize related research topics. The article data taken is limited to 2018-2023. In addition, the terms heat transfer, nanoparticles, and automotive radiators are used as keywords in collecting article data using the pop application. Research on heat transfer, nanoparticles, and automotive radiators has increased in 2020 and India has become one of the countries that has contributed many publications on this topic. From the mapping results, research on heat transfer, nanoparticles, and automotive radiators is still being carried out frequently, especially in early 2020-2021. This research can help academics determine which problems to research and can be used as a reference for further research.
Investigating Knocking Potential, Cycle Stability, and Emission Characteristics in Lean Spark Ignition Engine with Gasoline, Ethanol, and Methanol Mokhtar, Mokhtar; Sugiarto, Bambang; Agama, Askar Adika; Kurniawan, Ade; Auzani, Ahmad Syihan
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10607

Abstract

In this paper, an investigation of the use of gasoline-ethanol-methanol on the spark ignition engine is presented, it is not common practice on public roads to use three fuels simultaneously in a spark-ignition engine. Using methanol reduces the ignition delay during combustion, especially at lean air-fuel ratios, and reduces knocking potential in small amounts. The best result ignition delay with value λ= 1,3 obtained in the E5M15 mixture with SoC occurred at 325 CAo, while the value λ= 1,0 also obtained on the same mixture with SoC occurred at 321,5 CAo. The CCV results indicate a more sloping increase in the COV (coefficient of variation) value when using GEM fuel, particularly with the addition of more methanol. The addition of methanol enhances combustion progression and improves the ability of the fuel blend to sustain combustion under lean conditions. Regarding the torque and power values, at λ= 1,0; 1,1; 1,2 are not significantly different, while the value λ= 1,3 is below the other λ values.
Characterizing of Nano Activated Bio-Carbon of Sago Waste as a Homogeneous Combustion Catalyst Nanlohy, Hendry Y.; Riupassa, Helen; Setiyo, Muji
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10619

Abstract

Alternative fuels were developed by blending crude coconut oil and bio-carbon nanoparticles. Bio-carbon, derived from sago waste via pyrolysis and ground using a ball mill, underwent FTIR testing to assess its energy absorption capabilities. SEM analysis was conducted to examine the surface morphology of bio-catalyst with and without crude coconut oil. The findings indicate that incorporating bio-catalyst can enhance mechanical properties, facilitating rapid heat absorption, as evidenced by reduced flashpoint and viscosity. In addition, the results show an increase in fuel mass, broadening of molecular contacts, increased reactivity, and increased heat absorption for easier ignition. This phenomenon indicates that bio-carbon of sago waste have great potential for biofuel use as a homogeneous combustion catalyst.
Investigation of the Vehicle Driving Trajectory During Turning at Intersectional Roads Using Deep Learning Model Yong, Ericsson; Peeie, Mohamad Heerwan Bin; Zulkifli, Abdullah Bin; Ishak, Muhammad Izhar; Ibrahim, Mohd Zamri Bin; Zakaria, Muhammad Aizzat Bin; Mohd Razelan, Intan Suhana Binti; Ab. Nasir, Ahmad Fakhri Bin; Mohd Jawi, Zulhaidi
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10649

Abstract

Two-thirds of vehicle accidents in Malaysia occurred at the straight type of roads, followed by intersection-type roads. Despite the deployment of traffic lights on the road, accidents still occur which are caused by illegal maneuvers, speeding or misjudgment of other’s actions. Hence, motivated by the lack of previous research regarding causes of accidents on intersectional roads, this study aims to observe the pattern of the vehicles’ speed and turning angle during the right turn after the traffic stop at the intersection road. To obtain these parameters, video samples of vehicles at two types of intersections were obtained and analyzed via YOLOV7 and DeepSORT. The two road intersections researched are four-legged intersection and three-legged intersection. 153 and 35 vehicle samples were collected from these types of road intersections, respectively. It was observed that 78 and 75 vehicles exit towards the nearest and furthest lanes at four-leg controlled crossings on divided roads. While, at a single-lane to a dual carriageway road intersection, 26 and 9 vehicles exit towards the nearest and furthest lanes, respectively. From the research, 16.52 - 17.53 km/h and 67.57°-73.33° are the most optimal turning speeds and angles respectively for vehicles at four-leg controlled crossings. Whereas 14.48 - 15.51 km/h and 144.77° - 154.403° are the most optimal turning speeds and angles respectively for vehicles at a single-lane to a dual carriageway road intersection.
Performance of Transition Metal Supported Al2O3 Coated on Honeycomb Catalysts and Its Segmentation on Exhaust Gasses Oxidation Buwono, Haris Puspito; Wicaksana, Hangga; Hartono, Moh; Waluyo, Joko; Daroini, Moch. Fauzun; Muslim, Ilham Taufik; Machida, Masato
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10686

Abstract

The oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbons (HC) under segmented honeycomb catalysts was investigated using actual exhaust gas mixtures from a gasoline-fueled internal combustion engine of a motorcycle. The honeycomb catalysts were prepared through a wet process, resulting in four types coated with transition metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, and Ni) supported on Al2O3. The oxidation of CO and HC was monitored using an exhaust gas analyzer across a range of air-to-fuel ratios (AFR), from lean to rich, under stationary conditions. The results demonstrate that the honeycomb catalysts effectively decreased CO and HC concentrations in the exhaust gas. Among the transition metal oxide honeycomb catalysts, Cr and Ni exhibited high CO and HC conversion rates, surpassing those observed with Cu. The average CO and HC conversion calculations, spanning from lean to rich air-to-fuel ratios, were consistent with the actual conversion rates achieved. Furthermore, the study investigated the effect of honeycomb segmentation on CO and HC conversion. Surprisingly, the catalytic performance of Cr and Ni remained high even with longer gaps in the honeycomb. Interestingly, the conversion of CO and HC over the iron oxide honeycomb catalyst increased as the gap in the honeycomb became longer. This is likely due to an increase in the gap size and enhanced re-mixing of reactants (CO, HC, and O2) caused by recirculation. Thus, this study provides valuable elucidation on the potential application of segmented honeycomb catalysts for reducing CO and HC emissions in exhaust gases.
Biodiesel Production from Food Industrial Waste of Soybean Oil using a Lipase-nanoparticle Bio-composite Catalyst Thanikodi, Sathish; Rathinasamy, Saravanan; Giri, Jayant; Jagadeesan, Aravind Kumar; Makki, Emad
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10707

Abstract

In this study, a packed-bed reactor was used to produce biodiesel from disposed soybean oil using a lipase-nanoparticle bio composite catalyst. During the transesterification process of the ‘disposed of/used soybean oil’, different nano catalysts were employed such as nanoparticles of Ni-doped ZnO, Fe3O4, Alkylcelite, Poly-acrylonitrile fibres and Poly-acrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane and they were abbreviated as CI, CII, CIII, CIV and CIV respectively. In each case of biodiesel production, there were two levels of process parameters like flow velocity (such as 0.25 mL/min-1.25 mL/min) and the reaction time (20 and 100 h) were considered for analyses. From the derived biofuel, the biodiesel blends were prepared as B50 (50% diesel and 50% biodiesel) and B75 (25% diesel and 75% biodiesel). The synthesis of biofuel results, in the biodiesel conversion of cepacia lipase with Poly-acrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane nanoparticles being recorded at about 85% at a 1.25 mL/min flow rate, which is the maximum biodiesel conversion among five grades. The shortlisted biodiesel performances were analyzed by varying the engine speed, grade and kind of biodiesel, The observed results were analyzed. The B50CIV and B75CIV blends recorded the maximum BSFC at 1800 rpm engine speed. CO2 emission by diesel is about 2.3 vol% was recorded. It is the highest value compared to biodiesel blends (B50 and B75). The emission of NOx with the B50CII blend was 220 ppm at the engine speed of 1800 rpm. Based on the experimental results, B50CIV serves affordable fuel and is recommended among those tested in this investigation for CI engines.
Characterization of Combustion in Cylindrical Meso-Scale Combustor with Wire Mesh Flame Holder as Initiation of Energy Source for Future Vehicles Sanata, Andi; Ilminnafik, Nasrul; Asyhar, Muhammad Maulana; Nanlohy, Hendry Y.; Kristianta, Franciscus Xaverius; Sholahuddin, Imam
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10715

Abstract

The research aims to analyze and reveal combustion characteristics in a Cylindrical Meso Scale (CMS) Combustor with a wire mesh flame holder as a reference for designing a compact, efficient, and high-density energy source for future vehicles. This experiment analyzes the combustion ’s of a butane gas (C4H10)-air mixture in a cylindrical meso-scale (CMS) combustor with the addition of wire mesh flame holder on the stability of the combustion flame, as initiation of future vehicle energy source. The diameter of the CMS combustor with wire mesh flame holder is varied to give an idea of the effect of heat loss on the combustion flame's characteristics. The results show that the wire mesh as a flame holder is essential in the combustion stabilization mechanism. A stable flame can be stabilized in a CMS combustor with wire mesh. Variations in the diameter of the CMS combustor will result in variations in the surface-to-volume ratio, heat loss, and contact area of the wire mesh flame holder. At a large diameter, it produces the characteristics of a combustion flame with a more stable flame stability limit than a smaller diameter, a dimmer flame visualization than a smaller diameter at the same air and fuel discharge, a more distributed flame mode map area than the smaller diameter, lower flame temperature and combustor wall temperature than the smaller diameter, and relatively higher energy output than the smaller diameter.

Page 16 of 24 | Total Record : 233

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