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Automotive Experiences
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
ISSN : 26156202     EISSN : 26156636     DOI : 10.31603/ae
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Automotive experiences invite researchers to contribute ideas on the main scope of Emerging automotive technology and environmental issues; Efficiency (fuel, thermal and mechanical); Vehicle safety and driving comfort; Automotive industry and supporting materials; Vehicle maintenance and technical skills; and Transportation policies, systems, and road users behavior.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Otomotif
Articles 233 Documents
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Modeling of a PEM Fuel Cell Electric Bus with MATLAB/Simulink Dakurah, John Evans; Solmaz, Hamit; Kocakulak, Tolga
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11471

Abstract

There have been great strides in recent years in the shift from conventional Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) because of the deteriorating effects the fossil fuels they use have on the environment. Although lithium-ion battery electric vehicles (EVs) address some of these environmental problems, they do not appear to be a promising alternative because of their limited range, long charging duration, and the negative effects resulting from the production and disposal of their batteries. Demand for hydrogen vehicles has therefore increased over the years. This is because, since they use hydrogen as a fuel, they offer longer ranges, shorter refueling durations, and zero emissions. In this paper, a 70 kW PEM Fuel Cell Electric Bus (PEMFCEB) which has a 50 kWh buffer battery, and a total hydrogen capacity of 38 kg is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink. In the study, two hybrid energy management systems – fuzzy logic and conventional on-off using a ‘Relay’ block – are integrated into the model. By simulating several repeated NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) and WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure) cycles, the overall performance of the bus including its total range, consumption of hydrogen and oxygen, and fuel cell efficiency under each energy management system is analyzed and compared. For instance, during the NEDC cycle, the bus achieves a total range of 492.02 km with Fuzzy Logic compared to 448.85 km with the traditional on-off system. Similarly, under the WLTP cycle, the bus exhibits a total range of 407.61 km and 362.33 km with Fuzzy Logic and on-off techniques respectively.
Experimental Investigation of Using Thermoelectric Coolers under Different Cooling Methods as An Alternative Air Conditioning System for Car Cabin Sukarno, Ragil; Premono, Agung; Gunawan, Yohanes; Wiyono, Apri; Lubi, Ahmad
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11485

Abstract

The cabin car temperature will increase when parked in direct sunlight, so the energy required to cool cabin space by the air conditioner will be higher. This study aims to investigate using a thermoelectric cooling system as an alternative to a chiller system to supply cold air to the car cabin under different cooling methods for parked cars. Experimental testing of thermoelectric cooling systems was conducted to produce cold air that can be applied to car cabins as an alternative to conventional air conditioners. The thermoelectric cooling system was varied with single and double TEC modules. The double TEC modules are arranged in a series of electrical and parallel thermal arrangements. A cooling water block using a mixture of water and ethylene glycol with variations of 0.4 lpm, 0.5 lpm, and 0.6 lpm was added to the hot side of the thermoelectric module. The result shows that the thermoelectric cooling system can work properly during the 2-hour test, which constantly supplies air to the cabin space between 20-25 °C, depending on the configuration of the cooling system. The highest COP of 0.84 was obtained when using the double TEC with heatsink and added 0.5 lpm water cooling system, while the lowest COP of 0.53 was obtained when using the single TEC module without a cooling water block.
Dynamical Behavior of Droplet Diffusion Flame of Blended Castor Oil with Metal Based Liquid Catalyst Nanlohy, Hendry Y.; Sarikoc, Selcuk; Setiyo, Muji
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11510

Abstract

The tests revealed the exceptional combustion properties of a blended fuel consisting of castor oil and rhodium liquid (Rhl) as a highly effective homogeneous combustion catalyst. Our findings indicate that castor oil's unique molecular structure makes it an ideal fuel component, and the catalyst interacts with the fuel's triglycerides to enhance fuel properties and facilitate ignition.These findings support the pivotal role of the synthetic catalyst Rhl, which effectively reduces the binding forces within the triglyceride chain through polarization interactions. As a result, molecular bonds become more flexible, providing electrons with greater freedom of movement. Synthetic catalysts induce significant modifications in the triglyceride structure, increasing electron energy levels and enhancing the reactivity of fuel molecules, ultimately leading to improved fuel combustion efficiency. Integrating the Rhl synthetic catalyst also enhances fuel performance by reducing ignition duration and increasing the combustion rate. The elevated combustion temperatures of the fuel droplets highlight the effectiveness of promoting environmentally sustainable combustion processes.
Optimization of Metallic Catalytic Converters to Reduce CO Emissions and Increase Engine Power Warju, Warju; Ariyanto, Sudirman Rizki; Pratama, Muhammad Yandi; Haratama, Kusuma Refa
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11587

Abstract

Metallic catalytic converter (MCC) is one of the technologies widely applied to motorcycle exhausts which aims to improve exhaust emission to be more environmentally friendly. However, even though many studies have been conducted, optimal design has not been achieved compared to other designs. Through this research, the Taguchi method is proposed as an alternative method to find the optimum parameters of MCC. The Taguchi method was chosen because of its ability to find a robust combination of parameters. There are four MCC parameters used as inputs while each parameter consists of three levels, thus the design used is the L18 Orthogonal Array (OA) which each combination is tested on three types of motorcycles, namely Moped, Automatic, and Sports. The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) was adopted as one of the quality indicators of each combination. The optimization results showed that the best MCC design to reduce CO emissions is STD PGM. However, the optimum CO design can be used as an alternative because the difference in the S/N ratio is only -0.372. Meanwhile, the optimum CO design has another advantage over the STD PGM, namely the S/N value of the power ratio which tends to be higher with a difference of 5.037 compared to the STD PGM. Then, the best MCC design capable of increasing power is the optimum power design. The optimum power design has a superior S/N ratio with a difference of 5.404. In terms of emission, the optimum power design tends to be lower by a difference of -1.875 compared to the STD PGM.
Numerical Study of Surface Flow for Ahmed Body in Crosswind Conditions Duy, Pham Van; Anh, Le Dinh; Truong, Dinh Cong; Hung, Tran The; Minh, Do Van
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11591

Abstract

This study investigates standard vehicles' flow behavior and drag during crosswind conditions by a numerical approach. The model is a half-scaled Ahmed body with a slant angle of 25°. Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes equations with turbulent model k-ω SST is applied to solve Navier Stokes equation by discrete method. Experimental data validated the numerical results at the same flow conditions. The results indicated that the model's drag increases with yaw angles, which is connected with the development of the longitudinal vortex on the windward side. However, the lift coefficient and pressure drag acting on the slant showed a maximum value at a yaw angle of around 35° before they dropped again. The drop of those coefficients results in the moving upward of the longitudinal vortex above the slant. The complex vortex structures around the base in both cross-sectional and symmetric planes are analyzed. The skin-friction pattern and pressure distribution on the slant are exposed to understand the effect of the yaw angle on aerodynamic forces.
Structural Analysis of Brake Shoe under Static Load Using Al Alloy, Cast Iron, Mg Alloy for Main Components, and Carbon Variants for Brake Linings Prasetyo, Dony Eko; Sutanto, Hadi; Soewono, Arka Dwinanda
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11207

Abstract

The research is motivated by the issue faced by motorcycle users, namely the wear and tear of brake shoes, which can reduce braking effectiveness and increase the risk of accidents. The main objective of this study is to analyze the structural properties of motorcycle brake shoes with three different materials (aluminum alloy, cast iron, and magnesium alloy) and brake linings made of different carbon variants (alumina-carbon composite, carbon ceramics, and carbon fiber) under static pressures. Additional design aspects including weight and production cost are also evaluated during the material selection process for the motorcycle’s brake shoe and brake lining. The 3D modeling of the brake shoe and lining was done in Solidworks using measurement data from a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). The finite element analysis was performed using ABAQUS software. Considering the results from the finite element analysis, weight, and economic aspects, the study found that aluminum alloy (Al alloy) and carbon composite can be suitable materials for brake shoes and brake lining. The Al alloy brake shoe provides 62.7% weight saving while exhibiting good structural properties under static load and a moderate increase in production cost compared to cast iron. Similarly, brake lining with alumina-carbon composite showed the least deformation under static load while maintaining modest production costs compared to the other carbon variants.
Experimental and Finite Element Study of Rollover Protection Structure for a 22-Seat Man Hauler Superstructure Vehicle Gozali, Muchamad; Karmiadji, Djoko Wahyu; Libyawati, Wina; Haryanto, Budi; Masrur, Muhamad; Setyawan, Arief; Sulistiyo, Wahyu; Nuramin, Makmuri; Anwar, Anwar; Susilo, Budi
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11380

Abstract

The application of man hauler which classified as heavy-duty vehicle and operated on the upper ground mining, requires high safety measurement as arrange in the UN-ECE No. 66. The safety measure demands vehicles to undergo both structural testing and analysis. The investigation of structural testing for heavy-duty vehicles has been developed to the rollover testing that used tilting platform, to see the deformation impact toward the residual space and foresight opportunities for further development on the vehicle structure or warning system. Rollover testing is costly and time consuming, so new or developed vehicle structure needs finite element model analysis, to predict the deformation level due to rollover incident. Both testing have the same goal which is to confirm the vehicle structure able to protect the passenger compartment. Therefore, this study aims to present a guidance to test a complete set of 22-seat man hauler vehicle with stress distribution analysis, quasi-static loading test of body section, and tilting platform. The results of the stress distribution test are that the load is concentrated on the element number 148 in the rear UNP 100 profile. The results of the quasi-static loading test are that the maximum stress that occurs is 33 % b the allowable stress. The simulation result under this condition shows that the maximum deflection value occurred in the side frame structure is 167.9 mm. The largest deformation due to rolling test occurred at point E has value of 27 mm located on the right side that experienced impact on the floor during the test. The overall testing and analysis are able to verify and confirm the vehicle structural strength, that the vehicle able to withstand the rollover impact and to protect the passengers.
Development of an Automatic Coupler for Railway Vehicles: A Topology Optimization Approach with Numerical and Experimental Validation Valentino, Jean Mario; Pramono, Agus Sigit; Syaifudin, Achmad; Shalahuddin, Lukman; Perkasa, Mustasyar; Sasaki, Katsuhiko
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11494

Abstract

Topology optimization has demonstrated its effectiveness in generating lightweight and structurally efficient designs. This study focuses on refining the geometry of an automatic coupler body for trains using solid isotropic material with penalization and a level set method. These optimization methods are applied to the numerical model of the automatic coupler, and their results are compared to select the optimal design. The tensile strength of the automatic coupler is examined through numerical simulations and validated by experimental tensile tests conducted on a 1:1 scale prototype. The optimization outcomes reveal a remarkable 46.41% reduction in the mass of the automatic coupler body compared to the initial model. An evaluation of the tensile strength of the prototype demonstrates the ability of the automatic coupler to withstand the primary load without undergoing plastic deformation. Furthermore, a strong correlation is observed between the numerical and experimental results. This research contributes to advancing the design of next-generation automatic couplers, emphasizing the crucial aspects of lightweight design and structural performance.
Distillation, Characterizations, and Testing of Distillation Products from Waste Lubricant Oil (WLO) using Compression-Ignition Engine Priyanto, Sugeng; Lubi, Ahmad; Susetyo, Ferry Budhi; Krisyono, Danar Hari; Yudanto, Sigit Dwi; Rohman, Fakhrony Sholahudin; Sudibyo, Sudibyo
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11497

Abstract

Waste lubricant oil is always found in motor vehicle repair shops. Utilizing waste lubricant oil by distilling it will provide benefits. For this reason, waste lubricant oil was distilled in this research. Several characterizations were conducted to determine the viscosity, density, low heat value (LHV), and flash point of waste lubricant oil and distillation products. The distillation product is less viscous, denser, LHV, and flash point than lubricant oil waste. The distillation product was mixed with Pertamina DEX (0, 5, 10, and 15 vol.%) and then filled into the fuel tank for the engine performance test. The present experiment utilized a compression-ignition (CI) engine to measure performance. CI engine speed variations were carried out at 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 to see the influence of the mixed fuel on torque, power, specific fuel consumption (SFC), thermal efficiency, and smoke opacity. The increase in CI engine speed leads to an increase in torque, power, thermal efficiency, and smoke opacity, but at the same time, SFC decreases to 2500 rpm. Increasing the distillation product content in the mixed fuel decreased torque, power, SFC, thermal efficiency, and increased smoke opacity.
ROSES are Read, STEEP are Green: Mapping Sustainability Indicators Across Lifecycle Stages in EV Battery Production Through a Systematic Review Arumbinang, Nimas Ayu; Garniwa, Iwa; Koestoer, Raldi Hendrotoro Seputro; Aritenang, Wendy
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11648

Abstract

The rapid expansion of the electric vehicle (EV) market presents a paradox: while increasing production and lowering costs are essential for widespread adoption, these efforts also intensify the environmental and social impacts, particularly in lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery production. Comprehensive sustainability assessments are needed across all stages of battery production. This review employed the ROSES framework to analyze 40 Scopus-indexed research papers systematically. Extracted indicators are categorized by the STEEP (Sociocultural, Technological, Economic, Environmental, and Political-Legal) dimensions. The dual approach identifies critical sustainability gaps and examines the interplay between these dimensions. By mapping each indicator to a specific lifecycle stage—ranging from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal—the review highlights critical stages for improving sustainability in EV battery production. The study uncovers complex relationships between sustainability factors and establishes a comprehensive framework to address these challenges. As a result, it provides policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers with a solid foundation for developing informed strategies to enhance the sustainability of EV battery production.

Page 18 of 24 | Total Record : 233

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