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METAL : Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 25981137     EISSN : 25974483     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal translated as METAL: Journal of Systems in Mechanical and Thermal is a scholarly peer-reviewed journal published by Mechanical Engineering Department of Engineering Faculty at Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia. The journal focused on the mechanics and thermal aspects of the mechanical engineering area, and accepted articles are in these subjects: Energy - Renewable energy - Green industry - Energy conversion Mechanical System Engineering - Solid body mechanics - Machine construction - Vibration and control - Mechatronics - Tribology Production System Manufacturing engineering - Product design and development - Production technology - Production logistics and transportation Materials Engineering - Material technology - Nanotechnology
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 143 Documents
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Simulation of Static Loading on the Automatic Folding Clothes Hanger by Using Autodesk Fusion 360 Sukendro Broto Sasongko; Agung Subekti
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.8.1.14-20.2024

Abstract

Simulation of the static loading to the folding frame of the clothes hanger investigated by using Software Autodesk Fusion 360. The strength of the folding frame is important during hanging the clothes weight. The simulation of loading of wet clothes was by Autodesk Fusion 360 and performed in real life. The loads spread to three positions, which those locations investigated as critical locations. The locations are at short distance X1, medium X2, and far X3; the zeroing is from the wall. The simulation performs Von Misses procedure for the loading analysis. Thus, the result of the analysis responds to the external load at the joints of the structure. The loads are the weight of the wet clothes during drying time. The bar aluminum structure connects its parts using hinges. Simulation result obtains data of loading. Further, displacement analysis completes those data. The safety factor was at the frame loading simulation. That is, those data are in by Von Misses stress-strain analysis. The result reveals the effect of the frame loading. The process of loading 12 kg induces a safety factor 3.746, normal stress 73.42 Mpa, and a displacement of structure bar 6.452 mm. At loading 22 kg obtains the safety factor 2.038, maximum stress 134.9 Mpa, and the displacement 9.86 mm. Furthermore, loading 37 kg-load, the safety factor 1.21, prime stress enlarges 61.48 Mpa, and the displacement was larger by 10.97 mm. Therefore, the simulation result concludes the weight of clothes trends a linear effect on the loading of part joints. The frame structure is tough to the weight of dry clothes and safe, deformation of the bar is less than 10 % of normalizing for 37 kg-loading.
Effect of Trigger Configuration on Crash Box Energy Absorption in Vehicle Collisions using MSC Dytran Satria, Eka; Saputra, Dendi Adi; Dahlan, Hendery; Son, Lovely; Saputra, M. Fazri Irwan; Afrinaldi, Feri; Susanti, Lusi; HG, Sabri Haris
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.38-45.2025

Abstract

Vehicle crashworthiness is a critical aspect of automotive safety engineering designed to minimize injury to occupants during collisions. This paper investigates the role of trigger mechanisms in enhancing crashworthiness by managing energy absorption and deformation during impact. Trigger mechanisms, including structural features like grooves, holes, or geometric discontinuities, initiate controlled deformation, optimizing energy dissipation. This study evaluates the effectiveness of crash boxes with various cross sections and six trigger designs: bead initiator, diamond notch, smaller thickness, circular notch, circular holes, and oval holes, to absorb energy of collision using computational software, MSC Dytran. The results show that a crash box with an octagonal section absorbs more energy than those with square, rectangular, or hexagonal sections. Among the introduced trigger designs, the models of bead initiator, circular notches, and circular holes were considerably the most effective in energy absorption.
Literature Review on the Relationship between Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Lean Maintenance, and Healthcare Systems’ Sustainable Performances Taufik, Taufik; Kamil, Insannul; Hasan, Alizar; Afrinaldi, Feri
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.54-62.2025

Abstract

This paper explores theoretical and practical foundations for integrating Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and lean maintenance to achieve healthcare systems' sustainable performances. A systematic literature review is performed. The review methodology consists of seven steps: defining the research question, searching the literature, screening the literature, documenting the search results, assessing articles' quality, documenting the review results, and synthesizing. The search found a limited number of publications exploring the relationship between TPM and lean maintenance to achieve sustainable performances of healthcare systems. Most contributors were from developing countries. The publication peaked in 2023 and 2024, and the number tended to rise from 2012 to 2024. The synthesis process shows limited evidence about the relationship between TPM and hospital sustainable performance. Theoretically, the relationship between TPM, lean maintenance, and sustainable performance in healthcare systems is plausible. However, the concepts were rarely tested. For future research, this paper proposes to investigate the relationship between TPM practices and hospitals' sustainable performance moderated by lean maintenance. A conceptual model is also presented.
Design of Volume Control Type Portable Mechanical Ventilator Ishak; Nurhidayanti; Muh. Abdillah; Wicaksono, Ariawan Bayu
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.21-28.2025

Abstract

This research addresses the critical need for affordable, portable ventilators, particularly for patients with respiratory distress, including those with COVID-19. These devices are essential for initial patient care during transport to hospitals. This project focuses on developing a volume-controlled ventilator that adheres to fundamental medical standards, enabling precise adjustments of tidal volume (VT), I/E ratio, and respiratory rate (RR). The ventilator utilizes an Arduino Mega 2560 controller to manage a solenoid valve, which regulates airflow for inspiration and expiration. Tidal volume, the volume of air delivered per breath, is adjustable between 50ml and 805ml, with selectable increments of 5ml to 20ml. The solenoid valve's activation controls the inspiration phase, allowing for adjustable inspiration times from 0.25 to 3.8 seconds. Conversely, deactivation facilitates expiration, with adjustable expiration times from 0.75 to 6.3 seconds. This precise control over respiratory parameters aims to provide effective and adaptable respiratory support, enhancing accessibility to crucial medical interventions.
The manufacture and distribution temperature of aluminum molding for plastic beam from waste PP H, Hendra; Putra, Yoga Rahmadi; Septiana, Reski; Hernadewita; Demustila, Harly; Rispandi; Hermiyetti; Rahmayetty
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.46-53.2025

Abstract

One method utilized in the production of plastic goods is injection molding. An essential part of the injection molding process is a mold, which is used to create different types of plastic goods in accordance with a preset design. The goal of this study is to create plastic beam molding molds using the EDM and milling production methods and evaluate the molds' form geometry and resilience to temperature. The material's thermal conductivity is 200 W/m.k. due to the properties of the 1060 aluminum alloy. It can be determined that the low mold temperature during the injection process causes plastic products to distort and swell. The results show that the EDM machining technique achieved a frequency of 142.8% and a duty cycle value of 57%. Using barrel temperatures of 1600C and 250°C for temperature resistance tests, the mold was determined to be in rather good condition when exposed to high temperatures. This is demonstrated by the results of testing the shape's geometry, which showed similarity in the product's dimensions with the mold and an increase in the product's dimensions.
Experimental and Computational Analysis of UHMWPE-Based Multi-Layered Bulletproof Vests Under 9mm Projectiles Impact Timotius, Hizkia; Sastranegara, Azhari; Hernawan, Rendi; Sutisna, Nanang Ali; Anggraini, Lydia
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.1-13.2025

Abstract

This study investigates the ballistic performance and energy absorption of multi-layered UHMWPE bulletproof vests against 9mm projectiles using experiments and finite element simulations (LS-DYNA). Two configurations were analyzed: a conventional structure and a sandwich-layered design incorporating UHMWPE, titanium (Ti6Al4V), and PVC. Ballistic tests, conducted per NIJ Level IIIA standards, were validated through simulations. The sandwich-layered vest exhibited superior energy dissipation, achieving BFS values of 12.03 mm (experiment) and 12.36 mm (simulation), effectively reducing blunt trauma risk. The multi-material approach enhanced penetration resistance and impact force distribution, while numerical models closely matched experimental findings, confirming reliability. Results demonstrate the feasibility of lightweight, high-performance ballistic armor. Future work will explore material optimization, configuration refinements, and testing with higher-caliber projectiles for broader applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Derived from Pleco Fish (Hypostomus Plecostomus) Bone Waste via Calcination and Ball Milling for Biomedical Applications Sari, Nurfitri Rahmi; Thoriq, Andika; Gunawarman; Nanda, Is Prima; Indra, Ade; Yetri, Yuli; Verdian, Riza
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.14-20.2025

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA), a calcium phosphate-based bioceramic, is widely recognized for its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity, making it suitable for biomedical applications. This study aims to synthesize HA from waste bones of the pleco fish (Hypostomus plecostomus), a natural source of calcium and phosphate that is underutilized in West Sumatera. The synthesis was conducted through calcination at 900 °C followed by mechanical refinement using ball milling for 3, 6, and 9 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of crystalline HA with dominant peaks at 25.9°; 31.8°; and 32.9°, which remained stable across all milling durations.
Effect of Convergent Angle on the Fluid Dynamic of Fire-Fighting Nozzle Riawan, Awinda Sari
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.1.29-37.2025

Abstract

The nozzle is extensively used in many industrial contexts with variable shapes to satisfy particular application requirements, influencing fluid properties. Firefighting sprinkler nozzles have a variety of shapes, leading to research on the possibility of flow treatment devices to improve nozzle performance using numerical analysis. This simulation study examined three different geometry angles of the nozzle (15, 20, and 25 degrees) with different parameters (inlet pressure) and found that the optimal geometry performed the best in terms of pressure retention and velocity output, which are critical for efficient fire suppression operations, with performance varying significantly depending on nozzle angle and applied pressure. A nozzle with a 20-degree angle geometry showed the best performance, with good pressure retention and velocity output, both of which are important for efficient fire suppression. Developing a highly efficient and high-performing nozzle is critical for increasing efficiency and effectiveness in firefighting operations.
Observation of Wear Characteristic on Razor Blades with Different Materials and Lubricants Gasni, Dedison; Putra, Haznam; Azam, Muhammad
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.7.2.18-22.2023

Abstract

Wear of razor blades often occurs when a man shaves his facial. In this paper, the observation of wear characteristic with different types of material and lubricant is investigated. The experiment was conducted on 6 students of the Mechanical Engineering study program with uniform beards and mustaches for 6 weeks. Each week, the wear from the surface of each blade was observed using an optical microscope. Two types of razors were investigared with different materials based on the price, which are consisted of cheap razor (type-A) and expensive razor (type-B), each of which has 3 blades. There were three types of lubricants used, namely: water, liquid soap, and foam. The result shows that type-B razor is better than type-B razor because the material has a high carbon content based on chemical content from testing with Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). Foam lubricant can slow down the wear on razor blades. The 1st blade razor wears out faster than the 2nd and 3rd bladem, respectively.
The Effect of Aluminum Addition Ratio as Filling Material of PLA Toward PLA Filament Electrical Conductivity on 3D Printing Applications Ridwan, Firman; Zuliantoni, Zuliantoni
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.8.1.1-5.2024

Abstract

 The electronic waste of daily electronic goods evokes environmental pollution because electronic waste is difficult to decompose in nature and it is also toxic to the environment and humans. The way to minimize environmental pollution from electronic waste is by making polymer composites for conductive material purposes. Polylactic acid (PLA) has the potential as a polymer matrix. PLA has a non-toxic advantage and it is easily decomposed in nature because PLA is made from organic material.The extruder machine is used to make PLA filament with aluminum filling. When made the filaments, the ratio of each mixture was varied to obtain a filament with a mixture ratio that produced the best conductivity. The four-point probe test tool is used to measure the resistivity of each specimen to find out which specimen with the mixture ratio has the best conductivity value.The electrical conductivity obtained from the ratio of 10% Al is 6.78 S/m; 20% Al is 10 S/m; 30% Al is 31.44 S/m; 40% Al is 24.15 S/m. The best electrical conductivity results was obtained in the 70% PLA and 30% Al mixture ratio with an electrical conductivity value is 31.44 S/m while the lowest electrical conductivity was obtained in the 90% PLA and 10% Al mixture ratio with an electrical conductivity value is 6.67 S/m

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