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JURNAL SKALA HUSADA: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH
Published by Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Denpasar
ISSN : 1693931X     EISSN : 25803700     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33992/jsh:tjoh
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Nursing Public Health
Jurnal Skala Husada merupakan media publikasi karya ilmiah para dosen di lingkungan Politeknik Kesehatan yang ada di Indonesia, khususnya karya ilmiah di bidang teknologi kesehatan. Jurnal Skala Husada terbit setiap 6 bulan, atau terbit 2 kali dalam setahun.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Teknologi Laboratorium Medis
Articles 101 Documents
 7   8   9   10   11 
The Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Fermented Red Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Against In Vitro Protein Denaturation Kusdiharti, Meutia Sri; Dewi, Ni Wayan Rika Kumara; Artika, Made Prita
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i1.4093

Abstract

Background:Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) is known for many phytochemical components and various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammation. However, red ginger also has a high cellulose level. Special treatment is needed to degrade the cellulose so that phytochemicals can be maximally extracted. Trichoderma harzianum, a cellulase enzyme-producing fungus, can degrade cellulose and increase the efficiency of phytochemical extraction. Aims:This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of red ginger extract fermented with T. harzianum. Methods:This research is an experimental method involving the fermentation of red ginger powder before extraction, followed by an in vitro protein denaturation inhibition assay using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was used as a negative control, diclofenac sodium as a positive control, and the fermented red ginger extract (FRGE) was tested at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 ppm. The results: Phytochemical screening of FRGE confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, and triterpenoids. The extract yield was 14.29%, with the highest inhibition of protein denaturation at 62.62% observed at 125 ppm. The IC50 value is 93.61 ppm. Conclusions: Based on these research results, FRGE had strong antiinflammatory potency in vitro. Keywords: Red ginger, Fermentation, Anti-inflammatory, Protein denaturation, Trichoderma harzianum
Overview of Factors Influencing Medication Adherence in Elderly Hypertension Patients Aprianti, Pande Made Ayu; Marangyana, I Gede Bagus Indra; Sudiastini, Ni Ketut Ayu
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i1.4177

Abstract

Hypertension is defined as a sustained increase in blood pressure with a systolic value of ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic value of ≥90 mmHg. The risk of developing hypertension increases progressively with age, with a prevalence of more than 60% among individuals over 60 years old (elderly). Treatment success for hypertension depends not only on accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy but also on patients' adherence to antihypertensive medication. This study aimed to examine the relationship between factors such as knowledge about hypertension and family support with medication adherence among elderly hypertensive patients. Methods: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted at Hospital X in Denpasar. A total of 70 elderly hypertensive patients participated in the study. Data were collected using the MMAS-8 (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale) to assess medication adherence, and validated questionnaires to measure knowledge of hypertension and family support. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: A significant relationship was found between knowledge about hypertension and medication adherence (p=0.000), with a Spearman correlation coefficient of r=0.657, indicating a strong correlation. A significant relationship was also found between family support and medication adherence (p=0.000), with a correlation coefficient of r=0.546, indicating a moderate correlation. Conclusion: Higher levels of knowledge about hypertension and stronger family support are significantly associated with better medication adherence among elderly hypertensive patients. Educational efforts and family involvement are recommended to improve adherence to antihypertensive therapy.
In Silico Study of Gingerol and Shogaol from Red Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber Officinale var. rubrum) as Anti-Inflamatory Kumara Dewi, Ni Wayan Rika; Sukma Dinda, Ni Made Ayu; Suastini, Ni Made
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i1.4125

Abstract

ABSTRACTInflammation occurs when the enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2) releases arachidonic acid from cell membranes, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Gingerol and shogaol are bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties found in red ginger (Zingiber Officinale var. rubrum). This research aims to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of gingerol and shogaol against osteoarthritis using in silico methods. The in silico tests utilized Hyperchem 8, Chimera 1.10.1, and molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Tools, supplemented with Autogrid and Autodock 4. The results of molecular docking showed hydrogen bonds and binding energy. The binding energy values for 10-gingerol were -9.01 kcal/mol, 10-shogaol -8.85 kcal/mol, 8-shogaol -8.72 kcal/mol, and 6-gingerol -8.07 kcal/mol. The results indicate that gingerol and shogaol compounds have higher binding energies compared to the target protein Phospholipase A2 (Sodium Diclofenac) at -7.57 kcal/mol. This suggests that gingerol and shogaol compounds from red ginger rhizome (Zingiber Officinale var. rubrum) have potential as anti-inflammatory agents.Keywords:  gingerol; shogaol; anti-inflammatory; phospoliphase A2; in silicoABSTRAKInflamasi atau peradangan terjadi akibat enzim phospoliphase A2 (PLA2) yang melepaskan asam arakidonat dari membran sel, sehingga menghasilkan mediator proinflamasi. Gingerol dan shogaol merupakan senyawa bioaktif yang memiliki kandungan antiinflamasi pada tanaman jahe merah (Zingiber Officinale var. rubrum). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas dari gingerol dan shogaol sebagai antiinflamasi terhadap penyakit osteoartritis secara in silico. Uji in silico menggunakan program Hyperchem 8, Chimera 1.10.1 dan pengujian molecular docking menggunakan program  AutoDock Tools, dilengkapai dengan program (Autogrid dan Autodock 4). Hasil pengujian molecular docking adalah ikatan hidrogen dan energi ikatan. Nilai energi ikatan pada senyawa 10-gingerol sebesar -9,01 kkal/mol, 10-shogaol sebesar -8,85 kkal/mol, 8-shogaol sebesar -8,72 kkal/mol dan 6-gingerol sebesar -8,07 kkal/mol, Hasil menyatakan bahwa senyawa gingerol dan shogaol memiliki energi ikatan yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan protein target Phospholiphase A2 (Natrium Diclofenac) sebesar -7,57 kkal/mol. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa senyawa gingerol dan shogaol dari Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber Officinale var. rubrum) berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi.Kata kunci:gingerol; shogaol; antiinflamasi; phospoliphase A2; in silico
Verification of Total Plate Count Testing Method on Dairy Goat Milk Referring to SNI 2897: 2008 Suryaningsih, Putu ayu; Suyasa, Ida Bagus Oka
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.3975

Abstract

Background: A method must be verified and validated because each laboratory has varying conditions. This diversity can occur due to differences in facilities, personnel competence, equipment and chemicals used. In addition, accredited testing laboratories have an obligation to carry out method validation and verification processes before implementing the method. Objective: In this study, the ALT testing method for dairy goat milk was verified using accuracy and precision test parameters from samples with low, medium, high and uncontaminated concentrations. Method: This research uses descriptive research, namely describing the results of verification of the ALT testing method on fresh goat's milk which refers to SNI 2897:2008. Results: The SNI 2897:2008 ALT testing method on dairy goat milk for all microbial concentrations can be applied at the Denpasar Ministry of Health Health Polytechnic Integrated Laboratory because the RSD and Percent Recovery values do not exceed the limits set in SNI 2897:2008. Conclusion: The Total Plate Number testing method according to SNI 2897:2008 with a dairy goat's milk matrix can be applied as a testing method at the integrated laboratory of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Denpasar.
Determination of Total Polyphenol Content in Bali Local Red Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Kumara Dewi, Ni Wayan Rika; Mahardika, Ida Bagus Putra; Swari Santi, Made Dwike; Ugrasena, Putu Yudha
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.4306

Abstract

ABSTRACTPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel is a major agro-industrial byproduct rich in bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols, which have attracted increasing interest for functional food and phytopharmaceutical applications. However, studies specifically analyzing the total polyphenol content of the local Balinese red pomegranate peel are still limited. This study aimed to determine the total polyphenol content and perform phytochemical screening of the red pomegranate peel collected from Bali, Indonesia. The research employed an experimental laboratory design. Red pomegranate peels were collected from Jadi Village, Tabanan Regency, Bali. The peels were dried, powdered, and extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol. Phytochemical screening was performed to detect major secondary metabolites. The total polyphenol content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard, measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 765 nm. All analyses were conducted in triplicate. The extraction yielded 25.78% of viscous ethanol extract. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. The standard gallic acid calibration curve showed good linearity with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9916. The total polyphenol content was found to be 147.953 mg GAE/g at 1,000 ppm concentration and 34.136 mg GAE/g at 100 ppm. The findings demonstrate that the local Balinese red pomegranate peel contains significant polyphenolic compounds and secondary metabolites with antioxidant potential. This supports its potential for valorization as a source of natural antioxidants for functional food, nutraceutical, or sustainable packaging applications. Further studies are recommended to assess its antioxidant activity and to compare seasonal and varietal variations.Keywords:  Punica granatum L.; polyphenol content; Folin-Ciocalteu; UV-Vis spectrophotometry; phytochemical screening.ABSTRAKKulit delima (Punica granatum L.) adalah produk sampingan agro-industri utama yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif, terutama polifenol, yang semakin menarik minat untuk aplikasi makanan fungsional dan fitofarmasi. Namun, studi yang secara khusus menganalisis total kandungan polifenol dari kulit buah delima merah Bali lokal masih terbatas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan total polifenol dan melakukan skrining fitokimia pada kulit buah delima merah yang dikumpulkan dari Bali, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain laboratorium eksperimental. Kulit delima merah dikumpulkan dari Desa Jadi, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali. Kulit buah delima dikeringkan, dihaluskan, dan diekstraksi dengan cara perendaman menggunakan etanol 96%. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan untuk mendeteksi metabolit sekunder utama. Kandungan total polifenol ditentukan menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu dengan asam galat sebagai standar, diukur dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada 765 nm. Semua analisis dilakukan dalam triplikat. Ekstraksi menghasilkan 25,78% ekstrak etanol kental. Skrining fitokimia mengkonfirmasi keberadaan flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid/triterpenoid. Kurva kalibrasi asam galat standar menunjukkan linearitas yang baik dengan koefisien korelasi (R²) sebesar 0,9916. Kandungan total polifenol ditemukan sebesar 147,953 mg GAE/g pada konsentrasi 1.000 ppm dan 34,136 mg GAE/g pada 100 ppm. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kulit delima merah Bali lokal mengandung senyawa polifenolik yang signifikan dan metabolit sekunder dengan potensi antioksidan. Ini mendukung potensinya untuk valorizasi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami untuk makanan fungsional, nutraceutical, atau aplikasi kemasan berkelanjutan. Studi lebih lanjut direkomendasikan untuk menilai aktivitas antioksidannya dan membandingkan variasi musiman serta varietas. Kata kunci:Punica granatum L.; kandungan polifenol; Folin-Ciocalteu; spektrofotometri UV-Vis; skrining fitokimia.
The Influence of Product Types and Promotion on Customer Loyalty at Ifarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa Denpasar Listiani, Putu Ayu Ratih; Oviani, Gusti Ayu; Dewi, Putu Putri Purnama
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.4285

Abstract

The increasingly fierce business competition in the pharmaceutical industry requires pharmacies to continuously improve their strategies to retain and attract customers. This study aims to analyze the influence of product types and promotion on customer loyalty at IFarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa Denpasar. The research method used is quantitative, employing a survey approach with questionnaires distributed to pharmacy customers. The population in this study consisted of IFarma Pharmacy customers who made purchases at IFarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa during March 2025. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique, totaling 222 respondents. The characteristics of the respondents obtained were 55.9% (124 people) female, the majority of respondents were between 20 and 40 years old, totaling 185 people (83.3%), the highest level of education was high school 49.5% (110 people), 196 respondents were employed (88.29%), with the majority earning between IDR 2,000,000 - 5,000,000, totaling 105 people (47.30%), and a frequency of 2-3 visits was reported by 121 people (54.50%). The results showed that the regression coefficient for the promotion variable was 0.224, meaning that a 1% increase in promotion would increase customer loyalty to IFarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa by 22.4%. The positive value of 0.224 indicates a positive correlation between the variety of products offered and effective promotional strategies, which positively and significantly influence customer loyalty. This confirms the importance of providing diverse products and targeted promotions to enhance customer satisfaction and commitment to repeat purchases. This research is expected to serve as a reference for pharmacy managers in formulating more effective marketing strategies to maintain customer loyalty amid increasingly competitive market conditions.
Verification of Total Plate Count Testing Method on Dairy Goat Milk Referring to SNI 2897: 2008 Suryaningsih, Putu ayu; Suyasa, Ida Bagus Oka
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.3975

Abstract

Background: A method must be verified and validated because each laboratory has varying conditions. This diversity can occur due to differences in facilities, personnel competence, equipment and chemicals used. In addition, accredited testing laboratories have an obligation to carry out method validation and verification processes before implementing the method. Objective: In this study, the ALT testing method for dairy goat milk was verified using accuracy and precision test parameters from samples with low, medium, high and uncontaminated concentrations. Method: This research uses descriptive research, namely describing the results of verification of the ALT testing method on fresh goat's milk which refers to SNI 2897:2008. Results: The SNI 2897:2008 ALT testing method on dairy goat milk for all microbial concentrations can be applied at the Denpasar Ministry of Health Health Polytechnic Integrated Laboratory because the RSD and Percent Recovery values do not exceed the limits set in SNI 2897:2008. Conclusion: The Total Plate Number testing method according to SNI 2897:2008 with a dairy goat's milk matrix can be applied as a testing method at the integrated laboratory of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Denpasar.
ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF NANO SPRAY GEL FORMULATION FROM FERMENTED RED GINGER EXTRACT (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Kumara Dewi, Ni Wayan Rika; Melista Putri, Putu; Shizuka, Ni Putu
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.4134

Abstract

ABSTRACTRed ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds such as gingerol and shogaol, which possess strong antioxidant activity. Fermentation using the fungus Trichoderma harzianum can enhance the content of these active compounds. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potential of a topical nano spray gel formulation using fermented red ginger extract. The research employed an experimental laboratory method with varying concentrations of fermented red ginger extract at 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1% in the nano spray gel formulation. Quercetin was used as a positive control. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Absorbance measurements were conducted using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 400–600 nm, and the IC₅₀ value was determined using a linear regression equation in Microsoft Excel. The test results showed that the formulation with a 0.75% concentration had an IC₅₀ value of 74.84 ppm and was classified as a strong antioxidant based on Blois classification. The higher the extract concentration, the stronger the antioxidant activity, with the optimal point observed at 0.75%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that red ginger fermentation can enhance antioxidant activity, and the nano spray gel is an effective topical dosage form for delivering active compounds to the skin. This research is expected to serve as a reference for the development of topical herbal formulations based on local plants rich in antioxidants.Keywords:  : red ginger, fermented, nano spray gel, antioxidant, DPPH.ABSTRAKJahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) merupakan tanaman herbal yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif seperti gingerol dan shogaol yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tinggi. Fermentasi dengan jamur Trichoderma harzianum dapat meningkatkan kandungan senyawa aktif tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas antioksidan dari sediaan topikal nano spray gel yang diformulasikan menggunakan ekstrak fermentasi jahe merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorium dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak fermentasi jahe merah sebesar 0%, 0,25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, dan 1% dalam sediaan nano spray gel. Kuersetin digunakan sebagai kontrol positif. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Pengukuran absorbansi dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 400-600 nm, untuk menentukan nilai IC₅₀ didapatkan menggunakan persamaan regresi linear menggunakan Microsoft excel. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sediaan dengan konsentrasi 0,75% memiliki nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 74,84 ppm dan tergolong sebagai antioksidan kuat berdasarkan klasifikasi Blois. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, semakin kuat pula aktivitas antioksidannya hingga titik optimum pada konsentrasi 0,75%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa fermentasi jahe merah mampu meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan dan sediaan nano spray gel merupakan bentuk sediaan topikal yang efektif untuk mengantarkan senyawa aktif ke kulit. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam pengembangan sediaan herbal topikal berbasis tanaman lokal yang kaya antioksidan.Kata kunci: jahe merah, fermentasi, nano spray gel, antioksidan, DPPH.
Antiinflamatory Potential of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var.rubrum) In Vivo Kumara Dewi, Ni Wayan Rika; Putri, Putu Melista; Susianto, M Kurniawan
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.4171

Abstract

ABSTRACTInflammation is a biological response to infection, irritation, or injury, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain. Anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used to manage inflammation; however, their side effects have led to increased interest in natural alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) extract in vivo using 25 male white mice (Mus musculus). A post-test only control group design was employed, with mice randomly divided into five groups: negative control (1% CMC-Na), positive control (sodium diclofenac), and treatment groups receiving red ginger extract at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The treatments were applied topically by spraying the footpads after induction with 1% carrageenan. Paw edema was measured using a plethysmometer at specific time intervals. The results showed that the 1.5% red ginger extract had the most significant anti-inflammatory effect, with an average area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.11 mL and anti-inflammatory activity (%AIA) of 25.42%, closely approaching the effect of sodium diclofenac. These findings suggest that red ginger extract has strong potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent and may serve as an effective herbal alternative to conventional anti-inflammatory therapies.Keywords: red ginger, anti-inflammatory, AUC, %AIA, edema.ABSTRAKInflamasi merupakan respons biologis tubuh terhadap infeksi, iritasi, atau cedera yang ditandai dengan kemerahan, panas, nyeri, dan pembengkakan. Obat antiinflamasi umumnya digunakan untuk mengatasi kondisi ini, namun efek samping yang ditimbulkan mendorong pencarian alternatif berbahan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi antiinflamasi ekstrak jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) secara in vivo pada 25 ekor mencit jantan putih (Mus musculus). Penelitian menggunakan desain post test only control group dan mencit dibagi secara acak dalam lima kelompok: kontrol negatif (CMC-Na 1%), kontrol positif (natrium diklofenak), serta ekstrak jahe merah dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5%. Perlakuan diberikan secara topikal dengan cara disemprotkan pada telapak kaki mencit setelah diinduksi menggunakan larutan karagenan 1%. Volume edema diukur menggunakan plethysmometer pada interval waktu tertentu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jahe merah 1,5% memberikan efek antiinflamasi paling signifikan dengan nilai rata-rata area under the curve (AUC) sebesar 0,11 mL dan persentase daya antiinflamasi (%DAI) sebesar 25,42%, mendekati efektivitas natrium diklofenak. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jahe merah berpotensi sebagai agen antiinflamasi alami yang efektif.Kata kunci: jahe merah, antiinflamasi, AUC, %DAI, edema
The Influence of Product Types and Promotion on Customer Loyalty at Ifarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa Denpasar Listiani, Putu Ayu Ratih; Oviani, Gusti Ayu; Dewi, Putu Putri Purnama
Jurnal Skala Husada : The Journal of Health Vol 22 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Husada (JSH): The Journal of Health
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/jsh:tjoh.v22i2.4285

Abstract

The increasingly fierce business competition in the pharmaceutical industry requires pharmacies to continuously improve their strategies to retain and attract customers. This study aims to analyze the influence of product types and promotion on customer loyalty at IFarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa Denpasar. The research method used is quantitative, employing a survey approach with questionnaires distributed to pharmacy customers. The population in this study consisted of IFarma Pharmacy customers who made purchases at IFarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa during March 2025. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique, totaling 222 respondents. The characteristics of the respondents obtained were 55.9% (124 people) female, the majority of respondents were between 20 and 40 years old, totaling 185 people (83.3%), the highest level of education was high school 49.5% (110 people), 196 respondents were employed (88.29%), with the majority earning between IDR 2,000,000 - 5,000,000, totaling 105 people (47.30%), and a frequency of 2-3 visits was reported by 121 people (54.50%). The results showed that the regression coefficient for the promotion variable was 0.224, meaning that a 1% increase in promotion would increase customer loyalty to IFarma Pharmacy Kebo Iwa by 22.4%. The positive value of 0.224 indicates a positive correlation between the variety of products offered and effective promotional strategies, which positively and significantly influence customer loyalty. This confirms the importance of providing diverse products and targeted promotions to enhance customer satisfaction and commitment to repeat purchases. This research is expected to serve as a reference for pharmacy managers in formulating more effective marketing strategies to maintain customer loyalty amid increasingly competitive market conditions.

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