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Fikrah: Jurnal Ilmu Aqidah dan Studi Keagamaan
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kudus
ISSN : 23546174     EISSN : 24769649     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/fikrah
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
We accept scholarly article that the subject covers textual and fieldwork studies with various perspectives of Aqidah: including religion thought, religion sectarian, Theology. Religious study: including inter-religion study, Islamic Islamic philosophy: Islamic philosopher thought, Islamic philosophy development. Religious sociology: including religion in civilization, religion and modernity/globalization, religion and media. Religious Anthropology: including culture and religion on civilization.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 252 Documents
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Digital Religion: Social Media and the Spread of Salafi Thought in Indonesia Alam, Lukis; Nurwahidin, Nurwahidin; Katni, Katni; Suyurno, Salahudin
FIKRAH Vol 13, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v13i1.30930

Abstract

This study examines religious phenomena that occur on social media platforms, especially YouTube, Twitter (X), Facebook, Instagram, and Telegram. The platform is a medium for spreading understanding of Salafi thought in Indonesia using a digital ethnographic approach. This article aims to understand the pattern of dissemination, interpretation, and acceptance of Salafi ideas in Indonesian society. The focus of the study includes aspects of content visibility, audience engagement, and ideological models that are raised. Data was obtained from the accounts of Indonesian Salafi figures who have a large following and reach a wide audience. This article focuses on audience engagement indicators such as user interaction, content dissemination and participatory responses analyzed with the theory of religious mediatization and digital religious authority. This study reveals how preachers adjust their da'wah strategies to increase the visibility and legitimacy of religious authority in the online space. This article contributes to the understanding of the relationship between religion and technology and the real impact of digital media on the formation of religious authority and participation in the context of Indonesian Islam.
New Atheist’s View on Theological: A Critical Analysis on Sam Harris’ Thought Sholihin, Zahrul Fata; Fatah Yasin, Roudlotul Firdaus; Annada, Fasya Tharra
FIKRAH Vol 13, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v13i1.29375

Abstract

The New Atheism is emerging and becoming a global phenomenon, especially after 9/11, which was popularized by four well-known authors called the Four Horsemen. One of the new atheist figures, Sam Harris, wrote a book titled ‘The End of Faith Religion: Terror, and the Future of the Reason’ that contains critiques on religions, mainly Islam. Harris argues that Islam is dangerous because its Holy Book, the Qur’an, is thought to support jihad, which ultimately leads to acts of terrorism. Based on that, this study aims to critically analyze Sam Harris’s interpretation of theological sources of authority, specifically the Qur’an. This study using a qualitative research method and a hermeneutical approach. These data collection and analysis techniques allow more nuanced discussions on New Atheism as interpreted by Harris. This study argues that understanding religion requires philosophical, theological, and historical interpretation rather than solely a scientific or empirical lens. The findings of this study that Harris’ explanation about the Qur’an is superficial and misleading, primarily due to his limited understanding of Islam and the Qur’an itself. This study contributes to the development of Islamic science which can be studied in a multidisciplinary manner without ignoring the holy book as the main source
The Integration of Science and Spirituality: A Comparative Study of the Thought of Ismail Raji al-Faruqi and Seyyed Hossein Nasr Muhlas, Muhlas; Abdul Gani, Cr. Siti Fatimah Binti; Kusnawan, Aep; Naan, Naan; Negara, Muhammad Adress Prawira
FIKRAH Vol 13, No 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v13i2.33916

Abstract

Scholarly discourse on contemporary Muslim scholars has developed rapidly, both emerging from Islamic sources and adopted from other sources. The ideas of science are interesting subjects to be studied further, especially themes related to science and spirituality which are seen as separate from each other.This article examines the integration of knowledge and spirituality through a comparative analysis of the ideas of Ismail Raji al-Faruqi and Seyyed Hossein Nasr. The study aims to explain how both scholars understand the relationship between knowledge and spiritual values, as well as to identify their contributions to contemporary discourses on the integration of knowledge. This research employs a qualitative, library-based approach by collecting data from the primary works of both thinkers and relevant secondary academic literature, which are then analyzed using descriptive-comparative and interpretative methods. The findings show that al-Faruqi emphasizes the Islamization of knowledge as an epistemological framework rooted in the principle of tawhid, whereas Nasr highlights the importance of reviving sacred knowledge and metaphysical foundations as a response to the epistemic crisis of modernity. Both scholars reject the secular separation between knowledge and spirituality, yet they differ in methodological orientation: al-Faruqi focuses on epistemological reconstruction, while Nasr stresses the restoration of spiritual and metaphysical dimensions. The contribution of this research lies in its analytical and systematic comparative mapping of the two thinkers’ approaches to integrating knowledge and spirituality within the context of modern intellectual challenges.
Religious Moderation and the Prevention of Dehumanization: A Theological and Socio-Religious Perspective in the Indonesian Context Adnan, Adnan; Sulaiman, Sulaiman; Yahya, Imam; Widianto, Eko
FIKRAH Vol 13, No 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v13i2.33814

Abstract

This study examines religious moderation as a theological and socio-religious strategy to prevent dehumanization in contemporary society. This stems from the rampant intolerance, radicalism, and erosion of human empathy that threaten the social order and global human values. The study aims to explain how the principles of religious moderation rooted in Islamic theology—such as ummatan wasathan (the universal welfare) and rahmatan lil 'alamin (the mercy for all the universe)—can function as a transformative paradigm for restoring human dignity. The method used is a qualitative study based on a literature review of 30 scientific articles published between 2018 and 2025 that discuss the relationship between moderation, humanization, and religious ethics. The results show that religious moderation is not merely a moral virtue but a theological imperative capable of suppressing the symptoms of dehumanization by strengthening the values of justice, tolerance, and universal humanity. In conclusion, religious moderation makes a significant contribution to strengthening social cohesion, fostering ethical interfaith dialogue, and building a just and peaceful civilization amidst the diversity of Indonesian and global societies. Keywords: religious moderation, dehumanization, Islamic theology, humanity, tolerance.
The Ecological Justice in the Discourse of Islamic Group: insight from Indonesian Religious Organization Zahra, Fathimatuz; Arifin, Zainul; Hakim, M Nasrul; Adi, Brian Trinanda Kusuma
FIKRAH Vol 14, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v14i1.36061

Abstract

Environmental issues have become a global issue that is not only a concern for the government but also religious organizations. This article examines the discourse on environmental damage and ecological justice within Islamic organizations in Indonesia, focusing on both moderate organizations (Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah) and transnational movements (Islamic Defenders Front, Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, and Muslim Brotherhood affiliates). The study aims to complement existing literature that often treats Islamic environmentalism as monolithic or organization-specific by mapping diverse responses to environmental damage and analyzing how these responses implicitly and explicitly shape environmental management. Using a qualitative comparative analysis of organizational documents, congressial decisions, and programmatic actions, the article identifies distinct yet complementary discourses: NU’s fiqh al-bi’ah (environmental jurisprudence) declaring pollution haram; Muhammadiyah’s Fiqh of Water and food estate programs; and transnational movements’ disaster response institutions and tree-planting initiatives. The findings reveal that despite ideological differences, all these organizations contribute to ecological justice, a concept that collectively handles environmental protection while minimizing inter-organizational ego. Theologically, the study advances the recognition of ḥifẓ al-bi’ah (environmental protection) as a sixth essential objective (maqṣad sadis) within maqaṣid al-shari’ah, strengthening the religious basis for ecological activism. The article’s key contributions include a comparative framework across moderate and transnational spectrums, the introduction of ecological justice as an analytical lens, and practical pathways for inter-organizational collaboration to address Indonesia’s pressing environmental challenges.
Refining Islamic Eco-Philosophy: A Comparative Assessment of Ikhwan al-Shafa’s Cosmology Lestari, Ayu; Malik, Muhammad Khoirul; Kharisman, Hadi
FIKRAH Vol 14, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v14i1.35092

Abstract

The current global environmental crisis is seen as rooted in an anthropocentric paradigm that desacralizes nature, thereby breaking the spiritual connection between humans and the environment. This study aims to analyze the ecological principles in the cosmological theory of Ikhwan al-Shafa and its relevance to modern ecological discourse. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, drawing on primary and secondary literature. This article uses an analytical-philosophical method to interpret the primary texts of Rasail with a comparative-critical reading to compare the findings of the thought of the Ikhwan al-Shafa with key concepts of modern ecology. Researchers found a principle of unity among all the elements of the universe and a universal soul. This universal soul gives life and controls all the elements of the universe. Although the Ikhwan al-Shafa was a group of 10th-century classical Muslim philosophers, its thinking remains relevant to modern ecological discourse. This research position seeks to refine previous studies that have only addressed the content of Ikhwan al-Shafa’s cosmological theory and its implications for ecological understanding. This research contributes to providing a solid ethical-theological foundation for resolving the environmental crisis.
Decolonizing Philanthropy in Building a Theological Framework through Reading the Book Tanbih al- Mughtarrin Shulhan, Shulhan; Lessy, Zulkipli; Suhadi, Suhadi; Mohammad Mohammad Zidan, Sayed; Fuad, Munawwarul
FIKRAH Vol 14, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v14i1.36701

Abstract

Contemporary philanthropy studies are largely shaped by Western epistemological frameworks that conceptualize giving as voluntary charity and humanitarian intervention, often detached from metaphysical accountability and moral discipline. This article aims to reconstruct the theological framework of wealth, philanthropy, and moral responsibility articulated in Tanbih al-Mughtarrin and to examine its epistemic contribution to contemporary debates on philanthropy and moral economy from a decolonial perspective. Using a qualitative library-based method, the study combines theological-textual analysis of the classical work with critical engagement with recent scholarship on philanthropy, Islamic ethics, and moral economy. The findings reveal that the text conceptualizes wealth as a divinely entrusted trust governed by lawful acquisition, ethical stewardship, and obligatory redistribution. Unlike dominant Western paradigms that separate accumulation from redistribution and privilege donor autonomy, the framework integrates production, possession, and circulation within a unified moral economy grounded in accountability (ḥisab), justice, and human dignity (karamah). The study argues that its epistemic contribution lies in proposing an alternative moral ontology in which ownership is understood as trusteeship, philanthropy as obligation rather than voluntarism, and economic activity as inseparable from transcendental accountability. By reconstructing this framework, the article contributes to contemporary efforts to pluralize and decolonize philanthropy studies.
Peaceful Entry, Tolerant Mentality: The Perception of the Citizens of the Muslim World on Indonesian Islam Suryana, Yayan; Rosadi, Andri; Andayani, Andayani; Fithriya, Dwi Nur Laela; Muthahari, Nisrina
FIKRAH Vol 14, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v14i1.36806

Abstract

Indonesia is home to the world’s largest Muslim population. Yet, it is also the youngest major Islamic civilization, the farthest from the historical centers of the Muslim world. It is often perceived as the least authoritative in matters of Islamic knowledge and practice. The flow of religious information and scholarly authority in the global Islamic ecumene has historically moved from the center—the Arab heartlands, Persia, and Anatolia—toward the periphery, with remarkably little reciprocal knowledge flowing in the opposite direction. This article examines how citizens of four Muslim-majority nations—Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, and Turkey—perceive Indonesian Islam. Drawing on interview data with scholars, educators, analysts, and informed citizens from these four countries, they uncover the perceptions of the citizens of the centers of the Islamic world on Indonesian Islam: the historically peaceful arrival of Islam in the Indonesian archipelago through commerce and Sufism rather than military conquest and the resulting contemporary character of moderation, tolerance, and pluralism. The respondents’ answers are substantially accurate, though not detailed. This article is intended to provide a view on the patterns and characters of Islam that developed in the world outside the Middle East, such as Indonesia.
The Manifestation of Akhlaq al-Karimah in Muslim Teacher Educators: A Philosophical Inquiry Abid, Nuskhan; Hartono, Rudi; Haryanti, Rahayu Puji; Pratama, Hendi
FIKRAH Vol 14, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v14i1.36559

Abstract

Amid the ontological challenges of modern higher education, which tends to separate general knowledge from spiritual values, there is an urgent need to understand how moral and religious integrity are integrated into educators' professional identity. The integration of academic professionalism and Islamic ethical values is crucial to addressing the dichotomy of knowledge that often arises in current higher education practices. This study aims to conduct a philosophical inquiry into the embodiment of ethical values in the professional praxis of educators at an Islamic University. Furthermore, this study aims to uncover the meaning of the manifestation of Akhlaq al-Karimah of Muslim teacher educators through philosophical inquiry. This study uses a narrative inquiry design to explore the lived experiences of Muslim educators. Data analysis uses Foucault's technologies of the self. The results show that educators engage in internalizing Divine Trust and Intentionality. Another finding is that Akhlaq al-Karimah manifests as Inner Asceticism and social and pedagogical interactions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the integration of knowledge, with no dichotomy between general knowledge and religion. In practice, the findings can serve as policy recommendations for developing the identity of teacher educators at Islamic universities and integrating Islamic values into professional practice.
Reinterpretation of the Values of Religious Moderation and Its Internalization among Gen Z Indonesian Muslims Farida, Umma; Amaliyah, Efa Ida; Rahman, Azka Fayyad Atqia
FIKRAH Vol 14, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v14i1.34586

Abstract

This article aims to reinterpret the values of religious moderation in the Qur’an and Hadith and the implementation of its internalization towards Gen Z Muslims in Indonesia. This research is qualitative research that combines literature review and field study. The literature review is to uncover the values of religious moderation according to Islamic teachings, namely the Qur’an and Hadith, while the field study is to see the implementation of the internalization of these values of religious moderation towards Gen Z Muslims in Indonesia. The data collection techniques in this study used documentation, interview, and observation methods, then analyzed descriptively-critically. The values of religious moderation according to the Qur’an and Hadith include: (1) humanity, (2) public welfare, (3) justice, (4) balance, (5) obedience to the constitution, (6) national commitment, (7) tolerance, (8) anti-violence, (9) respect for tradition. The Qur’an and Hadith also emphasize prioritizing global and universal interests to avoid danger and harm to the public. The implementation of religious moderation values for Indonesian Muslim Gen Z is urgent. It aims to shape their tolerant and multicultural attitudes and erode radicalism and intolerance based on religion and belief. In addition, the application of these religious moderation values also aims to foster values of peace so that various acts of radicalism and violence in the name of religion in Indonesia in the future can be reduced and minimized.

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