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Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Published by Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi Wilayah X
ISSN : -     EISSN : 24777862     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22216/jen
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Jurnal Endurance : Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan is a journal published three times a year in February, June and October containing unpublished health disciplines anywhere in the field of health science development and to apply some community-based research results in enhancing community participation and independence for healthy living. Any manuscripts submitted through an online process and reviewed by a fellow partner will determine the manuscripts contained in this journal. Jurnal Endurance published by Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi (LLDIKTI) Wilayah X. This Journal Endurance focuses on addressing issues emerging in the community both in the field of health science development and to apply some research results based on individual groups and communities in enhancing community participation and healthy freedom of life. And as an alternative problem solving with Interprofessional Professional Education (IPE) approach. Nursing Science (Child, Maternity, Medical Surgical,Menthal Health, Management, (Community dan Family), Public Health, Medical Science, Pharmacy, Physioterapy, Nutrition
Arjuna Subject : Keperawatan - Keperawatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 151 Documents
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Conduct Problem Pada Siswa SMA di Kabupaten Pasaman Sumatera Barat Dian Eka Putri; Rizanda Machmud
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 4 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

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Abstract

Teenagers have a tendency to do things that are destructive to themselves and others, called behavioral problems (conduct problems). As many as 20% of adolescents in the world experience mental health problems and behavior problems (conduct problems). This study aims to obtain an overview of the factors associated with conduct problems in high school students in Pasaman Regency. The study design was cross sectional. The number of respondents was 336 high school students in Pasaman Regency. The sampling technique is Proportional Random Sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data analysis using chi square technique and logistic regression with Backward Stepwise method. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between parenting (P value 0,041 OR 2, 205), school environment ( p value 0,000 OR 3,797 ), peer environment ( p value 0,000 OR 7,323), economic status ( pvalue 0,027 OR 2,125 ) and conduct problems. Peer environment is the most related factor in conduct problems with an OR score of 6.089. The conclusion in this resarch is that there is a significant relationship between the family environment: parenting with conduct problems, there is a significant relationship between peer environment and conduct problems, there is a significant relationship between the school environment and conduct problems, there is a significant relationship between economic status and conduct problems. Remaja memiliki kecenderungan untuk melakukan perbuatan yang merusak bagi dirinya dan orang lain yang disebut dengan conduct problem. Sebanyak 20% remaja di dunia mengalami masalah kesehatan mental dan conduct problem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan conduct problem pada siswa SMA di Kabupaten Pasaman Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional. Jumlah responden adalah 336 siswa SMA di Kabupaten Pasaman. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah Proporsional Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dengan teknik chi square dan regresi logistik dengan metode Backward Stepwise. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ada hubungan signifikan pola asuh (P value 0,041 OR 2, 205) lingkungan sekolah ( p value 0,000 OR 3,797 ), lingkungan teman sebaya ( p value 0,000 OR 7,323) status ekonomi ( pvalue 0,027 OR 2,125 ) dengan conduct problem. Teman sebaya merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan OR 6,089. Kesimpulan penelitian diketahui terdapat hubungan signifikan antara lingkungan keluarga : pola asuh dengan conduct problem, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara lingkungan teman sebaya dengan conduct problem, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara lingkungan sekolah dengan conduct problem, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status ekonomi dengan conduct problem.
Pengaruh Susu Kacang Kuda dan Jahe Untuk Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Zurni Seprina; Fitria Meiriza Syahasti
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 4 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

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Abstract

Anemia pada ibu hamil merupakan masalah kesehatan terkait dengan insidennya yang tinggi dan komplikasi yang dapat timbul baik pada ibu maupun pada janin. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya anemia pada ibu hamil seperti perbaikan asupan gizi, program pemberian besi, dan pemberian preparat besi jauh sebelum merencanakan kehamilan. Akan tetapi upaya-upaya tersebut belum memuaskan. Maka diperlukan bahan alternative yang bisa memenuhi keadaan gizi ibu hamil dan kaya akan zat besi yang sangat berhubungan dengan pemberian Hb, kebanyakan ibu hamil tidak mau minum dari susu sapi. Oleh karena itu susu kacang kuda yang diberi jahe diharapkan mampu memenuhi gizi ibu hamil sekaligus memperbaiki masalah anemia pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek anti anemia susu kacang kuda diberi jahe pada ibu hamil dan dari olahan kacang kuda yang di beri jahe berupa susu tersebut akan di buat suatu produk minuman kesehatan untuk menurunkan Anemia pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bersifat kuntitatif analitik eksperimen melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitan ini dilakukan di Batu Bersurat dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 49 ibu hamil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjuk kan dengan menggunakan uji T, kadar hemoglobin naik secara bermakna dengan P Value 0,0001 (p<0,05) pada bulan ke 2 dibandingkan pada bulan ke 0. Hal ini berarti susu dari olahan kacang kuda dan jahe efektif untuk menurun kan anemia. Anemia in pregnant mother is helath problem which have related with high incidents and complications, can attack for mother or fetus. Many action have been done for prevent incident anemia in pregnant mother like improvement of nutritional intake, program of giving ASI, and giving zat Besi long time before pregnant. But that effort not statisfying so need alternative materials for nutrition in pregnant mother and Very much zat besi related with Hemoglobin levels. In reality many pregnant mother not like drink cows milk so horse milk bean with ginger expected can meet the nutritional need for pregnant mother at once can repaired anemia problem in pregnant mother. The Purpose this reaserch for know effect anti anemia horse milk bean with ginger in pregnant mother and from horse milk bean with ginger will created product health drink for lower anemia incident. This research have metode kuantitatif analitic experiment by means of cross sectional. This research pleace in Batu Besurat with responden 49 pregnant mother. The result of research with Uji T showing Hemoglobin levels be high on meaningfull with P Value (p<0,05) in second month compared with first month. This means horse milk bean with ginger effective for lower anemia
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemberian Susu Formula pada Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan Tahun 2017 Yesi Arisonaidah; Nurul Hidayah
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 4 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

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Abstract

The government has long promoted exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0-6 months. However, in reality, mothers, especially in big cities, are more likely to choose formula milk either as a substitute or a companion to ASI in meeting the nutritional needs of their babies. In Indonesia, almost all babies get breast milk, but only about 61.5% of mothers give exclusive breastfeeding, while the expected target is 80%. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the provision of formula milk for infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of the Inpatient Health Center of Tenayan Raya pekanbaru in 2017. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional design, which was conducted from October 2016 to July of the year 2017. The population in this study were all mothers who had babies aged 0-6 months totaling 222 people and a sample of 143 people. The sampling technique uses consecutive sampling. Data collection uses primary data with a checklist sheet. Data processing includes editing, coding, scoring and tabulating. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate using chi-square. The results obtained by the value of value = 0,000 for education, value = 0,000 for work and value = 0,000 for information. From these results it can be concluded that there is a relationship between education, employment and information by providing formula milk to infants aged 0-6 months. It is expected for the Puskesmas to improve health promotion, counseling and counseling in order to increase maternal knowledge about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding. Pemerintah telah lama menggalakkan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi 0-6 bulan. Namun, kenyataannya, kaum ibu khususnya di kota-kota besar, lebih cenderung memilih memberikan susu formula baik sebagai pengganti ataupun pendamping ASI dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi bagi bayi mereka. Di Indonesia hampir semua bayi mendapatkan ASI, namun hanya sekitar 61,5% ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif, sedangkan target yang diharapakn yaitu sebesar 80 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian susu formula pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawat Inap Tenayan Raya pekanbaru tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, yang dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2016 hingga Juli tahun 2017. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 0-6 bulan berjumlah 222 orang dan sampel berjumlah 143 orang. Teknik sampling menggunakan consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dengan lembar checklist. Pengolahan data meliputi editing, coding, skoring dan tabulating. Analisa yang digunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai Pvalue =0,000 untuk pendidikan, Pvalue=0,000 untuk pekerjaan dan Pvalue=0,000 untuk informasi. Dari hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan, pekerjaan dan informasi dengan pemberian susu formula pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan. Di harapkan bagi pihak Puskesmas untuk meningkatkan promosi, konseling dan penyuluhan kesehatan guna meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang pentingnya ASI Eksklusif.
Hubungan Beban Kerja dan Peran Ganda dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pengrajin Batik Herdianti; Tatik Maryana; Supriatna
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 4 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Di Batik Mawar, hampir semua pekerjaan dikerjakan secara manual menggunakan tangan dan lengan atas secara berkesinambungan yang dikombinasi dengan ketelitian kerja dan penggunaan alat-alat tradisional. Pekerjaan mempunyai beban kerja yang berat dikarenakan semua proses kerja dilakukan oleh pengrajin yang sama sehingga menimbulkan kelelahan disamping itu pekerjanya juga memiliki peran ganda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan beban kerja dan peran ganda dengan perasaan lelah pada pengrajin batik mawar. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengrajin di Batik Mawar. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 40 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan Univariat dan Bivariat. Hasil: Hasil analisis data yang menggunakan uji Chi-Square untuk beban kerja didapatkan nilai p-Value = 0,001. Hasil analisis data yang menggunakan uji Chi-square untuk peran ganda didapatkan nilai p-value= 0,031. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara beban kerja dan peran ganda dengan perasaan lelah. Sebaiknya pengrajin mencuci pakaian 2 kali sehari, memasak makanan siap saji, selain itu dengan cara bersama-sama dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan dirumah Background: In Batik Mawar, almost all work is done manually using the hands and upper arms on a continuous basis combined with the rigor of work and the use of traditional tools. The work has a heavy workload because all the work process is done by the same craftsman causing fatigue besides that the worker also have double role. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between workload and dual role with feelings of fatigue on craftsmen batik roses.Method: This research is Quantitative research with Cross Sectional research design. The population in this study are all artisans in Batik Mawar. Sampling in this study using total sampling technique with the number of research samples as many as 40 respondents. Data analysis used by Univariat and Bivariat.Result: Result of data analysis using Chi-Square test for work load got value p-Value = 0,001. The result of data analysis using Chi-square test for double role got p-value = 0,031. Thus, it is concluded that there is a meaningful relationship between workload and dual role with feeling tired. We recommend that craftsmen wash clothes 2 times a day, cook ready meals, other than that together in completing the work at home
Konsumsi Suplemen Asam Folat oleh Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Naras Tahun 2017 Setia Nisa; Tuti Handayani
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 4 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

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Abstract

Folic acid (vitamin B9) is a much-needed vitamin during pregnancy. The thing that can be done to fulfill this requirement is to provide folic acid supplements. Consumption of folic acid supplements by pregnant women is influenced by knowledge and attitude factors. This study aims to determine the relationship of Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women to Consumption of Folic Acid Supplements at Puskesmas Naras. The research type is Quantitative with analytic method and use cross sectional design. Sampling using Total Sampling technique. Univariate analysis showed 56.9% of pregnant women with low knowledge of folic acid supplements, 60.3% pregnant had a negative attitude. There was statistically significant correlation between pregnant mother's knowledge on consumption of folic acid supplements at Puskesmas Naras, chi square test showed p value = 0,000. There was statistically significant correlation between attitude of pregnant mother to consumption of folic acid supplements at Naras, chi square test showed p value = 0,009. Asam folat (vitamin B9) merupakan vitamin yang sangat dibutuhkan pada masa kehamilan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini adalah dengan memberikan suplemen asam folat. Konsumsi suplemen asam folat oleh ibu hamil dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan dan sikap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil terhadap Konsumsi Suplemen Asam Folat di Puskesmas Naras. Jenis penelitian adalah Kuantitatif dengan metode analitik dan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Analisa univariat menunjukkan 56,9% ibu hamil dengan pengetahuan rendah terhadap suplemen asam folat, 60,3% hamil memiliki sikap negatif. Terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara pengetahuan ibu hamil terhadap konsumsi suplemen asam folat di Puskesmas Naras, uji chi square menunjukkan hasil p value = 0,000. Terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara sikap ibu hamil terhadap konsumsi suplemen asam folat di Puskesmas Naras, uji chi square menunjukkan hasil p value = 0,009.
ENHANCING EXPRESSIVE COMMUNICATION IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER THROUGH THE USE OF THE PICTURE EXCHANGE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (PECS) COMBINED WITH ANIMATED VIDEO Mariyana, Rina; Neila Sulung; Evi Hasnita; Pratiwi, Endang Dian
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Endurance : Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22216/jen.v11i1.3500

Abstract

Children with autism generally experience barriers in communication skills so they need appropriate interventions to support the development of these abilities. One of the approaches that is considered effective in improving communication skills is the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) assisted by animated videos. This study aims to analyze the effect of the application of PECS assisted by animated videos on the communication ability of children with autism at SLB Autisma YPPA Bukittinggi. This study uses a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest design. The research was carried out in September 2024 with a sample of 28 children selected using purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument was in the form of a communication ability questionnaire. Data analysis is carried out using appropriate statistical tests. The results showed that the average communication ability score of children with autism before the intervention was 27.36 and increased to 47.29 after the intervention. The results of the statistical test showed a value of p = 0.001 (p < 0.05), which indicates a significant influence of the application of PECS assisted by animated videos on the communication ability of children with autism. It can be concluded that PECS assisted by animated videos is effective in improving the communication skills of children with autism. This method is expected to be used as an alternative learning model in an effort to improve the communication skills of children with autism.
DETERMINANTS OF CAREGIVER’S KNOWLEDGE IN CARING AND CONDUCTING PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON STROKE PATIENT Akbar Harisa; Yodang Yodang; Fajar Husodo; Rachmat Fajar; Marhamah Putri Rahmatullah
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22216/jen.v10i1.2823

Abstract

Family therapy is a form of group therapy where the main issue is the relationship between the patient and their family members. Families who care for family members affected by the disease are referred to as caregivers. This study aims to determine the analysis of Family Based Therapy Development for Stroke Patients with Psycho-Neuro-Muscular Disorders at Home through Family Empowerment as Caregivers.. The research design used was One-Group Pretest-Post test Design research. The population of this study is a family who acts as a caregiver where one of the family members suffers a stroke who lives in the working area of the Puskesmas Tamalanrea, Makassar City. The results of this study found that there was an influence between the provision of ROM intervention on patient skills with a p-value <0.05 (0.025). The results of the signed wilcoxon test of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) obtained a p-value of 0.174 so it can be concluded that there is no average difference in skills between the first and second CBT interventions. Conclusion: knowledge and skills are things that are needed by caregivers in caring for families with stroke. Therefore, efforts are needed from various parties, especially the Puskesmas in helping patients in the stroke recovery process in the Puskesmas Tamalanrea working area, Makassar City.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF STUNTING CASES IN OGAN KOMERING ULU (OKU), EAST OKU AND SOUTH OKU IN 2022 Najmah Najmah; Salwa Syamsia; Melika Susilawati; Rizquita Azizah; Mita Julianti; Rini Oktarina; Citrasari; Dedy Irawan
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22216/jen.v10i1.3000

Abstract

The incidence of stunting is still the focus of joint handling in Indonesia, including in Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU), East OKU and South OKU Districts because stunting has a long-scale negative impact. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of stunting, risk factors and stunting interventions in OKU, East OKU and South OKU districts in 2022 descriptively and spatially. The research method used is a quantitative approach using a case series study design or a series of stunting cases in OKU, East OKU and South OKU Districts which presents all cases of stunting detected by the South Sumatra Provincial Health Office in 2023. The highest stunting cases in OKU Regency are located in the Mendingin health center working area, which is 42 cases of stunting marked in solid red. This was followed by the Kedaton, Penyadingin, Tanjung Lengkayap and Pengandonan health center working areas. In East OKU District, all working areas health center have a low number of stunting cases. Whereas in South OKU District the the highest stunting cases are located in the working areas of the Sindang Danau and Buana Pemaca health center, which are marked in solid red marked with a solid red color. Exclusive breastfeeding proportions of 100% were detected in two health center OKU. Exclusive breastfeeding was almost 100% in two health center in East OKU and South OKU. Proportion of Complementary foods 100% was detected in four OKU and health center South OKU and two health center East OKU. The proportion of HB checks for pregnant women was 100% in seventeen health center in OKU, two in East OKU and one South OKU. Proportion of Fe tablets given to pregnant women 100% detected in two OKU health centers, four East OKU and three South OKU health centers.
THE EFFECT OF A LOW-CALORIE BALANCED NUTRITION DIET BASED ON MINANG CUISINE IN OBESE PEOPLE Mirnawati Mirnawati; Nur Indrawati Lipoeto; Aisyah Elliyanti; Dewi Susanti febri
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22216/jen.v10i1.3208

Abstract

Obesity is a significant health issue worldwide and leads to various metabolic disorders. The primary method for addressing obesity is through dietary therapy. A commonly adopted diet for this purpose is a low-calorie, well-balanced eating plan. Minang cuisine offers traditional dishes that can provide healthy, balanced nutrition. This research assessed the eating habits of individuals with obesity. It explored the impact of a low-calorie, nutritionally balanced diet rooted in Minang cuisine on metabolic indicators (such as body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar levels, and lipid profile levels) among obese individuals. The study utilized an experimental design with a pre-post clinical trial format. The dietary intervention lasted for 8 weeks, featuring a calorie deficit of 500–600 kcal from typical daily intake while maintaining balanced nutrition. Data from the research were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 26. Interventions involving low-calorie and balanced nutrition derived from traditional Indonesian meals proved effective in decreasing weight, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage in participants with obesity. However, the interventions did not show a significant impact on blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, or lipid profiles. This study demonstrates that Minang cuisine can be a nutritious and healthy option for combating obesity. Keywords: Obesity; dietary interventions; Minang cuisine; metabolic biomarkers; obesity.
QUALITATIVE STUDY EXPERIENCE EXTENDED FAMILY IN CHILD CARE IN TEENAGE COUPLES IN GUNUNGKIDUL REGENCY Asti Ratnaningrum; Warsiti Warsiti; Endang Koni Suryaningsih
Jurnal Endurance Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22216/jen.v10i1.3222

Abstract

Background : The unpreparedness of teenage couples to become parents often results in deviant child rearing in the form of physical violence, psychological violence, and sexual violence. Most teenage couples live with extended families who are involved in parenting. Aim : Obtaining an in-depth picture of the extended family's experience in supporting childcare for teenage couples. Method: Qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Informants in the study were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Triangulation of research data using three sources, namely from extended families, teenage couples and midwives. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews and FGDs. Method Qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Informants in the study were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Triangulation of research data using three sources, namely from extended families, adolescent couples and midwives. Data collection techniques with in-depth interviews and FGDs. Results : This study obtained 5 themes, namely the knowledge of extended families about parenting children of adolescent couples is already comprehensive, perceptions and expectations of extended families towards parenting children in adolescent couples, extended families are significant others for adolescent couples in the perinatal period, involvement of extended families in health services is to help in childcare, provide education related to childcare patterns although there are also differences with adolescent couples regarding childcare patterns that influence decision making. The fifth theme, extended families are a simple way to detect child growth and development, modern parenting patterns and early treatment of sick infants and toddlers. Conclusion: Differences in parenting patterns of extended families and teenage couples require support from health workers in providing appropriate education on child care according to the child's age. Teenage couples are expected to be more mature and responsible in raising children Keywords: extended family; parenting ; adolescent couples; sexual violence

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