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Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 2355794X     EISSN : 24069183     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/hubs.asia
Core Subject :
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia or Makara Hubs-Asia is a regional journal that seeks to advance understanding of human behavior in the context of Asia through the publication of empirical research articles that may stimulate further research. The word Makara symbolizes the emblem of the journals publisher, Universitas Indonesia, which means the well of knowledge that spreads across the continent. We use the word Asia to refer to people from the Asian continent, regardless of where they live. The journal welcomes research from any discipline that provides significant advancement of our understanding of human behavior in the context of Asia. The journal welcomes original research and review articles from the social sciences and humanities. Disciplines covered in this journal include Anthropology, Communication, Cultural Study, Criminology, Education, Management, Psychology, Psychiatry, Political Science, Public Policy, and Sociology. The mission of our journal is to stimulate research on human behavior in the context of Asia, which will ultimately improve our understanding of human behavior in Asia. The Asian continent has pressing social challenges in the 21st century, and this journal contributes to addressing those issues.
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Articles 327 Documents
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Doctor-Patient Communication and Preferred Terms Of Address: Respect and Kinship System (A Pragmatic Study) Iragiliati, Emalia
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The concept of face, face work and politeness model in the doctor-patient communication which is based on English for Academic Purposes: medical relied on the face as a social construct. This study investigates greeting in the form of second person pronoun based on the kinship system in terms of address to show respect as preferred by patients in Indonesia. There were twenty-six (26) male out-patients and forty (40) female patients. Data from the questionnaire consist of patients’ gender, age, education, marital status and preferred second person pronoun in terms of address. They were analyzed using the ‘interaction model’. The research showed on the importance of the use of greetings in the form of second person pronoun based on kinship system to show respect preferred as follows: Father/Bapak, Elder Brother/Mas, Younger Brother/Dik, Mother/Ibu, Elder Sister/Mbak, and Younger Sister/Adek. The married female patients prefer Mother/Ibu rather than Older Sister/Mbak and the married male patients prefer Father/Bapak rather than Older Brother/Mas. Thus, the patients’ choices on terms of address were based not only on age but marital status. These findings were different from the previous research as it was based on age to show respect.
Pemberontakan Petani Unra 1943 (Studi Kasus Mengenai Gerakan Sosial Di Sulawesi Selatan Pada Masa Pendudukan Jepang) Kamaruddin, Syamsu A.
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 16, No. 1
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The research aims to describe the beckground, condition, and factors leading to the uprising of peasants in Unra during the era of Japanese occupation in South Sulawesi in the year 1943. In the analysis of the revolt of Unra peasants as a social movement, I examine the factors, conditions, and community structures that served as the bases of the uprising. Factors such as ideologies and leadership are also considered in order to know the extent to which they motivated and contributed to the event. In the same way, the study also focuses on the cultural and religious backgrounds within the historical context of the revolt, along with the social, economic, and political climates in Unra during the Japanese occupation. In order to reconstruct this historic movement, a qualitative research method is employed from a historical perspective. A historical method is used to analyze the process and developmental stages in a chronological fashion. Historical analysis was done using approaches from other disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, and political science in order to obtain a broader understanding of the revolt. The goal of this approach is to discover the processes of social change and other social indications that may have been involved such as social conflict, disorganization, and lack of integration among rural communities. Research results show that during the time of Japanese rule in Indonesia, particularly in the year 1943 in Unra, a rapid social change occurred and a wartime economic policy was forced upon the people. This then became the motivating factor behind the uprising of peasants as a social movement.
Faktor-Faktor Penting Dalam Merancang Program Pendidikan Luar Sekolah Untuk Anak Jalanan dan Pekerja Anak Ajisuksmo, Clara R.P.
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Due to poverty, children have to be on the street or involve in child labour to support the families’ economy to survive. As a consequence, children have to drop their school activities out. Refering to article 28 of the Convention of The Rights of The Children (CRC) children have the right to education and the states party recognizes to achieving this right by providing primary education compulsory and available free on the basis to equal opportunity. Non formal education is an alternative education for street children and working children, intended for them to fulfill their right to education. The aim of this study is to identify important factors that are essential for designing and implementing educational program for out-of school children, such as street children and working children. In addition, this study is intended to identify training needs for tutors who facilitate street children and working children in their non formal education program. In order to achieve the research objectives, series of FGDs and in depth interviews with staff of NGO working with out-of school children, tutors who facilitate children’s learning processes, and street children and working children as the beneficiaries of the non-formal education program implemented by the NGO.
Pengetahuan Tentang Rokok,Pusat Kendali Kesehatan Eksternal dan Perilaku Merokok Chotidjah, Sitti
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This study was to determine the effect of an external health locus of control on smoking behavior mediated by knowledge about smoking in adolescent boys. The sampling technique was accidental sampling. Subjects were 110 adolescents aged 15-20 years from Yogyakarta. Reliability test results demonstrate the scale of the external health locus of control has good reliability (α = 0.854), while a test of knowledge about smoking have KR-20 = 0.311 and scale α = 0.405 smoking behavior, which means that two instruments are less reliable. In addition, the research data did not meet the assumptions of normality (a = 0.005 < 0.05) and linearity that are required to analyze the data in path analysis. The test results with t-test showed that there were differences in external health locus of control (t = -0.913, p = 0.363; F = 1.360, p = 0.204 > 0.05) and knowledge related to smoking (t = 1.572, p = 0.119; F = 1, 276, p = 0.261 > 0.05) among regular and experiment smokers. Spearman correlation test results showed there is a correlation between smoking behavior with external health locus of control (rs = 0.210, p = 0.027 < 0.05) but there is nota correlation between smoking behavior with knowledge related to smoking (rs = 0.155, p = 0.105 > 0, 05).
Persepsi dan Ekspektasi Pembangunan Masyarakat Terhadap Pemerintah Daerah dan Perusahaan Migas Erwiantono, Erwiantono; Saleha, Qoriah
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 16, No. 1
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Abstract

Saliki Village, as part of a unique ecosystem of the Mahakam Delta, has various development problems. This region contains oil and gas deposits, which have been mined by multinational companies. This sector has given significant contribution to national income. This area is also covered by mangrove forest that encourages the community to open extensive shrimp ponds. Since 1999, the local government of Kutai Kartanegara has launched a specific development program called Gerbang Dayaku (Gerakan Pengembangan Pemberdayaan Kutai), continued with Gerbang Raja (Gerakan Pembangunan Rakyat Sejahtera). Oil and gas companies operating in the region have also launched various community development programs as their corporate social responsibility. However, the lack of community’s development perceived needs and unestablished prime mover role to hold the community’s economic sustainability have become significant development problems.
Strategi Adaptasi Nelayan Terhadap Perubahan Ekologis Helmi, Alfian; Satria, Arif
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 16, No. 1
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There is ambiguity on conducting sustainable development in coastal area. In fact, there are still virgin coastal areas, while some coastal areas have been exploited intensively across their carrying capacities. Beside environmental conservation efforts, some adaptation strategies for the fishermen to free the changes coastal areas are needed. The result of case study in Panjang Island, South Kalimantan shows that ecological changes were caused by land degradation of mangrove’s areas. The development of mangrove’s areas are the coal ports and shrimp ponds have changed their function as natural resource, especially as natural resource of community’s livelihood. Pulau Panjang is only approximately 5 Ha, but there are at least 7 coal ports arround its coastal area. Consequently, the fishermen have lost their fish stock and their livelihood. In response to the ecological changes, adaptation may play important role. The community should be able to respond the direct and indirect effects of the changes. In deed, the fishermen in Panjang Island have their own adaptation strategies that devide into economic strategy, political strategy and social strategy. The fishermen try to colaborate their sources of income, take the benefit of social connection and exploitate their other natural resource.
Occupants’ Perception of ‘Healthy Housing’ in High-Density Urban Housing Atmodiwirjo, Paramita; Yatmo, Yandi Andri
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 15, No. 1
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The quality of housing constitutes the physical condition of housing as well as the perception and actions of the occupants. Assessment of housing quality tends to be based on the physical indicators of the housing environment with less attention to the occupants’ understanding of housing quality. This study explores the housing quality from the point of view of the occupants especially in relation to the concept of ‘healthy housing’. A structured interview was conducted with a number of occupants living in high-density urban housing in order to reveal their understanding of the ‘healthy housing’ concept. The study found the existence of a gap between the occupant’s perception of the healthy housing quality and the factual physical condition of their housing. The occupants tend to evaluate their housing as having good quality, despite the facts found from the observation that some physical requirements of ‘healthy housing’ have not been satisfied yet in most houses. This understanding of ‘healthy housing’ is primarily related to the aspect of cleanliness, while other aspects of healthiness do not seem to get enough attention. These findings become the basis of the discussion on the extent to which the perspective of the occupants should be incorporated in developing programmes for urban housing quality improvement.
Strategi Nafkah Berkelanjutan Bagi Rumah Tangga Miskin di Daerah Pesisir Widodo, Slamet
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 15, No. 1
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This research aims at knowing the factors causing poverty in research area, knowing livelihood strategy by poor households and constructing sustainable livelihood strategy based on the real condition in community. This research is conducted in Kwanyar village, Kwanyar subdistrict of Bangkalan Regency. Data were collected with PRA, FGD method and participative observation involving poor households in research area. Data were analysed with descriptive qualitative method. The result shows that poverty is caused by lack of access to capital, particularly financial capital. This becomes a matter in which fishermen cannot access physical capital as modern catching technology. Livelihood strategy which is conducted by poor household of fishermen consists of economic and social strategies. Economic strategy is conducted with double livelihood pattern, utilizing households worker and migration. Otherwise, social strategy is perfomed with kinship pattern. Traditional welfare organization has also important role for poor households in fulfilling daily needs. In addition, social capital also contributes significantly for livelihood strategy in that area and it becomes one of attentions in arranging sustainable livelihood strategy.
The Concept of Fairness as Expressed in Javanese Propositions: A Study of Cultural Wisdom Rahyono, F. X.
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 15, No. 1
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One of the Javanese’s highest cultures is the creation of cultural wisdom that conveys the concept of fairness as expressed in propositions as well as cultural expressions. This research aims to revive the memories of Javanese cultural wisdom especially those related to fairness. Based on the propositions, the objective of this research is to identify the concept of fairness behavior in Javanese culture. This research is qualitative. The data were collected from text books and literary texts validated by in-depth interviews as well as forum group discussions. The data corpuses were analyzed by using componential and taxonomic analysis. Through semantic and pragmatic analysis, the fairness concept in Javanese culture can be identified. Bisa ngrumangsani is the main principle of fairness in Javanese propositions and covers two sub-ordinates propositions, i.e. self-restraint and appreciation for others. Each of these two sub-ordinate propositions covers four sub-ordinate propositions referring to action, character, desire, and competence. All of these propositions are sustained by the other proposition creating a whole concept of fairness. The results of this research are expected to serve as groundwork on how the education of national character building relating to fairness behavior can be realized.
Penilaian Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Untuk Mendukung Permukiman Berkelanjutan di Kelurahan Terboyo Wetan, Semarang Sariffuddin, Sariffuddin; Susanti, Retno
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 15, No. 1
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The essence on sustainable development is to have human life quality improvement and assure their sustainability. Today, the development of city is only focused in environmental changes without deeply developing the human who dwells it. Even, such cities in Indonesia tends to follow market mechanism as also like the settlement on Terboyo Wetan sub district, district of Genuk, Semarang City. The settlement has been developed since its opening as an industrial zone of Genuk in 1980s. The settlement, initially was fishermen settlement, where the society has enlivens their life from the sea. The enormously industrialization has changed the society living condition. To explore intensively, this observation has three aims, as follows: (1) the understanding residents welfare of the society, (2) understanding residents preference toward residents welfare, and (3) understanding on capability of the society to support sustainability of the settlement. This research was using qualitative method and improving hypothesis by reality on the field. Study finding revealed that the settlement of fragile Terboyo Wetan is not in continuous form. Based on objective assessment, from 5 quality of life aspect according to human settlement understanding, there is only 1 aspect supported, which is society while the other four aspects (man, nature, shells and network) are not properly supporting. Indeed, the, which anthropocentris, created unfriendly behaviors toward their environment. It is reflected by the meaning of residents welfare according to the society as such basic need fulfillments in economics scopes instead of as vastly for environmental living aspect. Hence some of them assumed that the condition of environmental degradation is a normal consequence for terrestrial settlement.

Page 22 of 33 | Total Record : 327

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