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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 8, No. 3" : 8 Documents clear
Uji Penghambatan Tirosinase dan Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Krim Pemutih yang Mengandung Ekstrak Kulit Batang Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Juwita, Ninin Kartika; Djajadisastra, Joshita; Azizahwati, Azizahwati
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 8, No. 3
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The cortex of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) contains some flavonoids which have activity as tyrosinase inhibitors. This compound can inhibit the oxidation of l-tyrosine and levodopa in the mechanism of melanogenesis. The extract of jackfruit cortex formulated into creams differentiated by the extract concentration of 1,5% and 2,0%. Physical stability test was conducted with storing the creams at three different temperatures, 7 ± 2°, 27 ± 2°, and 40±2°C respectively. Centrifugal tests and cycling test was also performed on both cream. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity measurement was done by in vitro studies with measuring dopachrome. The result showed that both of formulations which stored at 40±2°C and centrifugated at 3800 rpm for 5 hours were not stable. The result of tyrosinase inhibiton activity measurement of creams containing extract of 1,5% and 2,0 % were 10,64% and 11,34%, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibition activity of creams decreased after two month stored. Tyrosinase inhibition activity of cream containing 1,5%extract decreased into 6,93%, and cream containing 2,0%extract decreased into 7,74%. The decreasing of tyrosinase inhibition activity is caused by the small amount of antioxidant is not enough to prevent oxidation of active ingredient.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Ekstrak Air Akar Kucing (Acalypha indica Linn.) dengan Ekstrak Etanol 70% Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Asam Urat Tikus Putih Saputri, Anita Ayu Dwi Ajie; Amin, Juheini; Azizahwati, Azizahwati
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 8, No. 3
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Abstract

Hyperuricemia treatment can be given roots of Acalypha indica Linn. Combined with red ginger plant (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as anti-inflammatory drug. This study aimed to examine the effect of aqueous extract the roots of Acalypha indica Linn. with 70%ethanol extract of rhizome of Red Ginger from the decrease in blood uric acid levels of male rats made hiperurisemia by potassium oxonate. There were 35 male white rats of Sprague Dawley strain weighing 180 g to 200 gs were divided into seven groups. Three groups were given a combination of extract, consist of a fixed dose 5.4 g/200 g bb of Acalypha indica L. was combined with varied dose of red ginger, respectively 14 mg/200 g bb, 28 mg/200 g bb, and 56 mg / 200 g bb suspended with 0.5% CMC solution. Another groups consisted of a single dosage 5.4 g/200 g bb comparative of Acalypha indica Linn, allopurinol comparison, control induction, and normal controls were administered orally for eight days.Measurement of uric acid levels in blood plasma by enzymatic colorimetric method on UV-VIS spectrophotometer with a wavelength 520 nm. The results showed that the combination 5.4 g/200 g aqueous extract the root of Acalypha indica Linn with 56 mg/200 g red ginger might decrease uric acid levels equivalent to allopurinol and normal controls.
Optimasi Kecepatan Disintegrasi Tablet Terdisintegrasi Cepat (Fast Disintegrating Tablet) Domperidon dengan Superdisintegran Sodium Starch Glycolate Prabowo, Imam; Iskandarsyah, Iskandarsyah
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 8, No. 3
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Fast disintegrating tablet is one of advanced pharmaceutical technologies. Fast disintegrating tablets is a tablet when placed on the tongue will be instantly disintegrated and releases the drug with the help of saliva. This technology can solve the problem of using oral drug in patients such as pediatrics, geriatrics or in circumstances where the patient can not swallow tablets conventionally with the help of water. The purpose of this study was to optimize the speed of disintegration in fast disintegrating tablet formulations both with varying concentrations of sodium starch glycolate. Optimization the speed of disintegration was done by using sodium starch glycolate with concentration of 8%, 12% and 16% and then disintegration time was tested. After the optimum speed decided, the next step was optimizing the taste using various manitol concentration of 32%, 36% and 40% and evaluation of the taste was conducted by using hedonity test and analyzed with SPSS prog. Disintegration of good fast disintegrating tablet was 27 ± 1 second. The best disintegration time was achieved in tablet using sodium starch glycolate of 16%.
Effect of Propolis on Bone Quality and Cortical Bone Thickness of Ovariectomized Female Wistar White Rats as A Model for Osteoporosis Juwita, Dian Ayu; Ahmadin, Almahdy; Rachmaini, Fitri; Abdillah, Rahmad; Fatma, Rosalia Medisa
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 3
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Estrogen deficiency increases the rate of osteoporosis, especially in menopausal women, by altering the bone tissue microarchitecture. Propolis has compounds that could be used as an alternative therapy to treat estrogen deficiency and to protect against bone damage. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis on bone quality and cortical bone thickness of femoral metaphysis in ovariectomized female Wistar white rats as a model for menopausal osteoporosis. The rats were divided into five groups: negative control group (not subjected to ovariectomy), sham group (subjected to ovariectomy), and treatment groups that were subjected to ovariectomy and given propolis orally at a dose of 180 mg/kg BW, 360 mg/kg BW, and 720 mg/kg BW for 30 days. Bone quality and cortical bone thickness testing were undertaken on the 31st day. The osteoblast and osteoclast cell examination was evaluated using an Olympus BX 51 light microscope at 400x magnification for bone quality and the Betaview program, Beta 3.1MP Sony Exmor CMOS Sensor camera at 40x magnification for cortical bone thickness. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and continued with Duncan’s multiple range tests. It was found that propolis had a significant effect on the ratio of osteoblast and femur bone osteoclasts (p0.05). The administration of propolis at a dose of 180 mg/kg BW, 360 mg/kg BW, and 720 mg/kg BW had an effect in decreasing the ratio of osteoblasts and metaphysical osteoclast cells of femoral metaphysics. However, propolis administration did not affect the thickness of the femoral metaphysical cortical bone
The Effect of Heparinoid as Systemic Prophylactic Anticoagulants on COVID-19 Patient Mortality and Its Safety Profiles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Anggarany, Ariska Deffy; Sauriasari, Rani; Alkaff, Muhammad; Takhwifa, Famila; Nufus, Hayatun; Paramita, Diana
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 3
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Coagulopathy is one of the complications of COVID-19 and is associated with a higher risk of mortality. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of anticoagulant therapy in various doses among COVID-19 patients is limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to review and explore the effect of using heparinoids as a systemic anticoagulant at prophylactic doses on mortality in COVID-19 patients. Systematic searches were conducted of various databases (Pubmed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Scopus, and ProQuest) covering the period 2019-2021. We assessed the quality of the articles using the STROBE checklist. Studies with a high risk of bias were excluded before pooled effect size was synthesized with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random-effects models. From the 12 identified studies (N=8,968), six observational studies (N=7,176) were involved in the meta-analysis. The studies reviewed in the paper used a retrospective cohort design in various settings. The pooled effect size of mortality comparing prophylactic anticoagulant and no anticoagulant in three studies showed that there was an association between using prophylactic anticoagulant and a lower risk of in-hospital mortality (pooled OR= 0.47; 95% CI 0.19-0.76). A prophylactic dose of heparinoid anticoagulant was also associated with lower mortality (pooled OR= 0.51; 95% CI 0.21-0.82) and with lower bleeding events compared to intermediate-to-therapeutic dose anticoagulants. Administration of heparinoid anticoagulants at prophylactic doses was associated with reduced mortality risk in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Due to the increased risk of bleeding with therapeutic doses, the use of prophylaxis anticoagulant is suggested in COVID-19 patients who are not critically ill.
The Benefits of Astaxanthin to Improve Pain Relief in Patients with Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: An Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial Pinzon, Rizaldy Taslim; Budi Harsana, Mary Rose Angelina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 3
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Abstract

Treatment of diabetic neuropathy is still carried out by providing symptomatic therapy, which only improves ± 50% of the total symptoms felt by patients, but does not tackle the underlying causes of the disease. Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic carotenoid that could be an additional treatment option. We aimed to measure the effectiveness of administering astaxanthin as an additional therapy to improve the impact of pain and discomfort experienced daily by diabetes mellitus patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. We conducted a randomized experimental study with an open label design of 36 patients who had been diagnosed with painful diabetic neuropathy. The control group was treated with standard treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy, and the experimental group was given both standard and additional therapy of astaxanthin at a dose of 6 mg once per day. The impact of pain was assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) before administering astaxanthin and on the 4th and 8th weeks after administering astaxanthin. The administration of therapy showed a significant improvement in the impact of pain experienced daily by patients on both treatment groups (p<0.05). However, the mean BPI score of the control and the experimental groups did not differ significantly each week (p>0.05). There is a significant improvement in the BPI of patients with painful diabetic neuropathy who were given additional treatment (add on) of astaxanthin compared to patients who were only given standard treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy.
The Effect of Pre-Extraction Preparation on Antioxidant Compounds of Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. Leaves Extracts Hikmawanti, Ni Putu Ermi; Fatmawati, Sofia; Arifin, Zainal; Cahyaningrum, Niken; Arif Fauzan, Muhammad
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 3
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Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. (Phyllanthaceae) is a green vegetable. It is rich in natural antioxidant compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. The pre-extraction preparation can affect the results of extracting compounds from natural materials. This study aims to determine the effect of pre-extraction procedures, including sample form (fresh/dried), drying process (oven-drying/indirect sunlight-drying/air-drying), and particle size (ground/powdered) on total phenolic and flavonoid levels of ethanolic extracts of S. androgynus leaves and their antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals. S. androgynus leaves were extracted using the cold maceration method. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were determined by the colorimetric method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Antioxidant activity was measured based on the ability of the extracts to reduce DPPH free radicals. The results showed that the pre-extraction preparation influenced the antioxidant components obtained in S. androgynus leaves. According to sample form, fresh leaves contained a higher phenolics and flavonoids (33.66 mg GAE/g and 11.61 mg QE/g, respectively) than dried leaves. Whereas according to particle size, powdered dried leaves have higher phenolics and flavonoids content (45.12 mg GAE/g and 12.54 mg QE/g, respectively) than ground dried leaves. The leaves drying method that produced the highest phenolic content was oven-drying (47.08 mg GAE/g), while the one with the highest flavonoid content was air-drying (8.87 mg QE/g). All extracts had IC50 values against DPPH radicals around 85.71-93.91 ppm. Pre-extraction preparation in optimum condition makes the extraction process more efficient and effective in obtaining the target compounds with antioxidant activities.
Comparative Analytical Study of Phytochemicals in Selected Antidiabetic Medicinal Plant Seeds in Sri Lanka Rajkumar, Gowri; Jayasinghe, Mihiri Rangika; Sanmugarajah, Vinotha
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 3
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Abstract

Medicinal plants are universally used in the management of various diseases in different medical practices. A varied diversity of compounds extracted from plants may show anticancer, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities. Comparative laboratory studies and scientific approach of efficacy related to phytochemicals found in medicinal plants in Sri Lanka have not been reported yet. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemicals in selected four different plant seeds such as Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Brassica alba (L.) Rabenh, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Nigella sativa L., which are used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Sri Lanka. The ethanol extracts of plant seeds were subjected to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the phytochemicals using recommended laboratory techniques. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance using a Statistical Analysis System (SAS) statistical package. The qualitative analysis showed that flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, and saponins were present in all medicinal seed extracts. Based on quantitative analysis, flavonoids were found in all seed extracts, and higher amount was found in S. cumini (527.77 µg QE/g) followed by T. foenum-graecum (194.66 µg QE/g). S. cumini seeds contain higher phenolics (416.01 µg GAE/g), alkaloids (81.07 mg/g), and tannins (34.04 µg TAE/g) contents than other seed extracts. This study revealed that all these medicinal seeds, especially S. cumini, has potential as prepared standard functional products in the traditional system of medicine.

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