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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
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Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 15, No. 2" : 16 Documents clear
DIETARY FOOD FORTIFIED WITH OROTIC ACID AND LIVER FUNCTION Buang, Yohanes
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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The effects of dietary food fortified with orotic acid (1.0%) on liver function were studied in rats. The rats fed with orotic acid promoted liver triglyceride content markedly, that was 5-fold higher than that of the control. The liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased by 10%, but the gluthation peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity decreased by 50%. The serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities increased by 25% and 30%, respectively. Therefore, the decreased GSH-Px activity was associated with the promotions of AST, ALT, and the liver MDA levels. In conclusion: dietary orotic acid promotes lipid peroxidation but reduces the rate of the antioxidant enzyme. Therefore, dietary food fortified with orotic acid attenuates the liver function.
TERPENOIDS FROM THE STEM BARK OF JATROPHA PLANTS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES Sahidin, Sahidin; Ardiansyah, Ardiansyah; Muhammad, Taher; Marianti, Manggau
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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Three terpenoids, including two diterpenes (curcusone B and jatrophone) and a triterpene (stigmasterol) have been isolated from the stem bark of Jatropha plants. Curcusone B and stigmasterol were isolated from J. curcas, meanwhile jatrophone and stigmasterol were from J. gossypifolia. The biological activities of these compounds have been evaluated toward bacteria, fungi and tumour cells. Isolation was carried out in vacuum liqiud cromatography (VLC) technique with silica gel as an adsorben and some solvents as eluents. The compound structures were determined by spectroscopic methodes i.e. UV-vis, FTIR, NMR (1-D, 2-D) and were then compared based on their spectroscopic data with similiar data from literatures. The biological properties of these compounds were evaluated against four strains of bacteria (Acetobacter sp., Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus sp.), 4 strains of fungi (Aspergilus niger, Penicillium sp. (grey), Penicillium sp. (white) and Rhizopus sp.) and murine leukemia P-388 cells. The results showed that cytotoxic property of curcusone B towards murine leukemia P-388 cells is better than jatrophone and stigmasterol which are IC50 = 0.57 μg/mL (1.93 μM) for curcusone B and IC50 > 100 μg/mL for jatrophone and stigmasterol. Meanwhile, activities against bacteria, jatrophone is better than curcusone B and stigmasterol. Jatrophone is the most active against S. aureus (bacteria) with growth inhibition zone 36 mm and A.niger (fungi) is 44 mm. Further study indicated that jatrophone was bacteriostatic against S. aureus.
HETEROCYCLIC SYNTHESIS USING NITRILIMINES: PART 18. SYNTHESIS OF NEW FUSED HETEROCYCLES CONTAINING TRIAZINONE MOIETY Dalloul, Hany Mahmod
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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A series of new 4,5-dihydro-6-oxo-1,2,4-triazino[4,5-b]1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines were synthesized by the reaction of methyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylate and the appropriate hydrazonoyl halide in presence of triethylamine. The structures of the title compounds have been established by their elemental analyses and spectroscopecal data. The microbial features of some of the synthesized compounds were studied by a known method
SYNTHESIZING DERIVATIVES FROM CYCLOPENTANONE ANALOGUE CURCUMIN AND THEIR TOXIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES Eryanti, Yum; Nurulita, Yuana; Hendra, Rudi; Yuharmen, Yuharmen; Syahri, Jufrizal; Zamri, Adel
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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Three types of cyclopentanone derivatives have been synthesized from aromatic aldehyde and ketone derivatives under a base condition through aldol condensation. These cyclopentanone products were 2,5-dibenzylidene-cyclopentanone (a), 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-cyclopentanone (b), and 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-cyclopentanone (c) which has a yield of 63-99%. The chemical structure of these compounds were determined using UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy. In order to clarify the role of hydroxyl and amine moieties, toxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were carried out. The toxic test indicated that the compounds showed strong toxicity. In addition, the presence of hydroxyl and amine groups on both rings of curcumin increased the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
SECONDARY METABOLITE OF Aspergillus fumigatus, ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT Garcinia griffithii Elfita, Elfita; Muharni, Muharni; Indah, Tri
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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THE FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS GAMBIERS AVAILABLE IN INDONESIAN MARKET Widiyarti, Galuh; Sundowo, Andini; Hanafi, Muhammad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF CuO/TS-1 ON BENZENE HYDROXYLATION REACTION Ediati, Ratna; Fansuri, Hamzah; Prasetyoko, Didik
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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CuO/TS-1 catalysts have been prepared and tested in the benzene hydroxylation. TS-1 was synthesized by hydrothermal method, while CuO/TS-1 was prepared by impregnation method using Cu(NO)2.3H2O as precursor. Catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. The catalytic activity was tested in the hydroxylation reaction of benzene. The products were analyzed using gas chromatography. Catalyst characterization by XRD and IR techniques have showed that the catalyst structure was a MFI type of zeolite. XRD pattern have showed the orthorombic structure and indicated the presence of CuO aggregation. The results of the pyridine adsorption have found that the acidity of TS-1 and CuO/TS-1 were a Lewis acid and it’s increased with an increasing amount of CuO loading. The results of nitrogen adsorption analysis have showed decreasing of surface areas of catalyst with increasing amount of CuO loading. The optimum conditions of benzene hydroxylation was observed by 1%CuO/TS-1 catalyst at 70 °C, reaction time 2 h and acetic acid as the solvent yielded 27.6% of phenol with phenol selectivity was 75.5%
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CO-PROCESSED EXCIPIENT CARRAGEENAN-PREGELATINIZED CASSAVA STARCH PROPIONATE AS A MATRIX IN THE GASTRORETENTIVE DOSAGE Anwar, Effionora; Komariah, Engkom; Junaedi, Junaedi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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COMBINATION OF DEPOT MEDROXY PROGESTERONE ACETATE AND JAVANESE LONG PEPPER EXTRACT ON BODY WEIGHT, HEMATOLOGY, AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY AS A SAFE CONTRACEPTION MODEL Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Asmida, Yoel; Suryandari, Dwi Anita; Moeloek, Nukman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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The development of male hormonal contraception is based on a decrease in sperm concentration without affecting libido and sexual potency. The combination of depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) + extract of Javanese long pepper (JLP) with dosages of 0.94 mg and 1.88 mg decreases the concentration of spermatozoa. However, it remains unknown whether the combination influences body weight, hematology, and blood biochemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of DMPA + JLP extracts on the body weight, hematology, and blood biochemistry of male rats (Rattusnorvegicus L.) using Sprague-Dawley strains. The research uses a completely randomized design (CRD); one group control and two treatment groups. In the first group, the castrated rats were given oral administration extracts of JLP (CJ) with doses of 0, 0.94, 1.88, 2.82, and 3.76 mg. In the second group, the rats were injected with 1.25 mg DMPA and given an oral administration extract of JLP. Injection was given in week-0 and 12. Administration was conducted every day from week 7-18. Analysis of the normality and homogeneity of data is done before the ANOVA test. Data that is abnormal and not homogeneous are tested with non-parametric statistical Kruskal-Wallis. This study shows that the combination of minimal doses of DMPA and administration variousdoses of extracts of JLP does not affect body weight and hematology (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrite), and the blood biochemistry of rats, such as the values of SGPT, SGOT, HDL, and triglycerides (p < 0.05), but rather the total cholesterol and LDL (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is concluded that the combination of the minimal dosage of DMPA and weaned various dosages of JLP extracts affect the total value and LDL cholesterol but do not influence body weight, nor hematology and blood biochemistry. Such combinations can be drawn on for asafe male contraceptive model t by taking into account the value of the total cholesterol and LDL during its use.
SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF GINGER OLEORESIN USING ULTRASOUND Supardan, Muhammad Dani; Fuadi, Anwar; Alam, Pocut Nurul; Arpi, Normalina
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
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The use of ultrasound in extraction process creates novel and interesting methodologies, which are often complementary to conventional extraction methods. In the present study, the use of ultrasound to extract oleoresin from ginger (Zingiber officinale R.) was investigated. The extraction was performed by using ethanol as solvent in the presence of ultrasonic irradiations operating at frequency of 42 kHz at extraction temperature of 60 o C. The oleoresin extracted was in the form of dark thick liquid with specific ginger flavor. Based on GC-MS analysis, the use of ultrasound was not give an effect on alteration of main component in ginger oleoresin. The main component in extracted ginger oleoresin was zingerone. Gingerol as one of the pungent principle of the ginger oleoresin was not detected due to decomposition of gingerol at a temperature above 45 o C. Extraction rate of ultrasound-assisted extraction was about 1.75 times more rapid than a conventional system based on soxhlet. The scanning electron microscopy images provided more evidence for the mechanical effects of ultrasound, mainly appearing on cells’ walls and shown by the destruction of cells, facilitating the release of their contents.

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