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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
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Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 27, No. 1" : 9 Documents clear
Carbon dioxide-Induced Corrosion of AISI 4140 Steel in Acidified Artificial Geothermal Brine Anawati, Anawati; Izzat, Rayhan; Pragitta, Riene Kaelamanda; Hernandi, Rafli Ihsan
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2)-induced corrosion often occurs in the structural materials of geothermal industry. The presence of CO2 influences the formation of various corrosion products. This research investigates the effect of dissolved CO2 in acidic brines on the corrosion behavior of AISI 4140 steel at atmospheric pressure. The brines were the standard brine, Ca-free brine, and high-salinity brine. The corrosion behavior was studied using electrochemical and immersion tests. A cyclic polarization test showed that the corrosion rate was higher in dissolved CO2 brine than in non-CO2 brine, and an immersion test demonstrated a similar result. In the absence of CO2, the presence of Ca ions in the brine reduced the corrosion rate of the alloy from 26.8 to 24.6 mmpy and further to 20.7 mmpy in the high-salinity brine. A similar trend was demonstrated during immersion in the CO2-containing brine, with higher rates of 37.1, 30.9, and 24.9 mmpy for the Ca-free, standard, and high-salinity brines, respectively. However, the Ca ions and high-salinity brines induced a more localized corrosion as pit and filiform. A surface analysis using an optical microscope revealed that immersion in CO2 brines generated 4–10-fold higher surface roughness than the non-CO2 brines. In all specimens, a protective layer was not established during the tests. No new phase was detected using X-Ray diffractometer after the immersion test. Moreover, no tendency of passivation was observed in the reverse scan of the cyclic polarization test.
Diketopiperazine Cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Leu) Produced by Periconia pseudobyssoides K5 Isolated from Toona sureni (Meliaceae) and its Heme Polymerization Inhibition Activity Azhari, Azmi; Harneti, Desi; Wulandari, Asri Peni; Mulyani, Yeni; Purbaya, Sari; Sari, Aprilia Permata; Pratama, Galih Bayu; Supratman, Unang; Shiono, Yoshihito
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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Fungi endophytes are living microorganisms colonizing inside the internal tissue of a plant and provide ecological benefits for their host. Endophytes provide various metabolites for plant adaptation toward biotic and abiotic stresses and have tremendous pharmacological activities. Toona sureni (T. sureni) (Meliaceae) belongs to the Toona genera and is reported to have antimalarial activity. To determine the compounds produced by the endophytic fungus from this plant, we isolated a compound from Periconia pseudobyssoides (P. pseudobyssoides) K5 endophytes from the stem bark of T. sureni. Diketopiperazine cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Leu), a non-ribosomal peptide, was isolated from brown rice fermented at 28 ± 2 ℃ for 30 days. The structure was determined by spectroscopic methods including fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. This compound was evaluated for heme polymerization inhibition activity (HPIA) with an IC50 value of 9.89 ± 0.24 mmol/L compared with positive control chloroquine phosphate with an IC50 value of 3.08 ± 0.58 mmol/L. This compound has been categorized as having low activity three times lower than positive control chloroquine phosphate. This information provides new leads about the compound diketopiperazine cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Leu) produced by P. pseudobyssoides K5 endophytes having low activity in inhibiting heme polymerization. In the future, to explore the potency of this compound as antimalarial agent, the other antimalarial test such as lactate dehydrogenase assay might be useful.
Potential Effect of Phlorotannins in Brown Algae for Antidiabetic Therapy: Molecular Docking Approach Renagupita, Melani Sinastri; Rahadianto, Rahadianto; Garianto, Efyluk; Setianingsih, Herin
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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This study aims to manifest the effect of the active compound phlorotannins in brown algae on decreasing insulin resistance by analyzing the predicted interaction between phlorotannins and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP 1B) and estimating the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the active compound for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) therapy. This type of research uses an in silico study to test the effect of using phlorotannins as an active compound in brown algae against PTP 1B inhibition. Starting from preparing materials, i.e., downloading the three-dimensional structure of phlorotannins via PubChem and PTP 1B via RSCB PDB (PDB 1A5Y), molecular docking using Molegro Virtual Docker 5, molecular visualization using PyMol and Discovery Studio, and predicting pharmacokinetics and toxicity via pkCSM have been conducted. Here, the phlorotannins include phloroglucinol, dioxinodehydroeckol, eckol, phlorofucofuroeckol-A, dieckol, 7-phloroeckol, and 6,6′-bieckol. In addition, Ertiprotafib and S-phosphocysteine are used here as the comparison controls for docking validation. All phlorotannins can bind to PTP 1B at the same binding site with drug control. Experimental results revealed that phlorotannins–PTP 1B produces lower energy than complex S-phosphocysteine–PTP 1B (−266.8 kJ/mol), which acts as a control here. However, phloroglucinol–PTP 1B produces (−208 kJ/mol) under the same condition. Compared with the drug control Ertiprotafib (−322.8 kJ/mol), the lower bond energy is owned by phlorofucofuroeckol-A (−370.6 kJ/mol), 7-phloroeckol (−328 kJ/mol), dieckol (−331.8 kJ/mol), and 6.6'-bieckol (−341 kJ/mol). Furthermore, phlorotannins are very well absorbed in the intestine. According to Lipinski’s rule, active compounds, such as phloroglucinol, eckol, and dioxinodehydroeckol have high potential as a drug. Phlorotannins are nontoxic against hepatocytes and have fewer side effects than drug control. Based on the obtained data, use of the active compound phlorotannins in brown algae can decrease insulin resistance, which can be employed as adjunctive therapy in type 2 DM.
The Potency of Citrus aurantiifolia Swingle and Sea Salt Solution as a Cleansing Agent for Edible Bird’s Nests Ningrum, Siti Gusti; Candra, Adhitya Yoppy Ro; Wardhani, Hana Cipka Pramuda
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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The present study aimed to evaluate the potency of Citrus aurantiifolia Swingle and sea salt solution as a promising cleansing agent for edible bird’s nests (EBNs). Ascorbic acid, sodium, and chloride analyses of the C. aurantiifolia Swingle and sea salt solution were conducted using HPLC, ICP-OES, and titrimetry, respectively. The characteristics of physical samples and hydrogen peroxide detection were examined in this study. The reduction activity of the Citrus aurantiifolia Swingle and sea salt solution on the nitrite of 120 white EBNs was studied. This nitrite reduction activity was compared with the available method (standard), drinking water method, 6% C. aurantiifolia Swingle extraction method, and sea salt water. An organoleptic test was performed by three trained panelists to determine the color of the samples before and after treatments. The results showed that the C. aurantiifolia Swingle and sea salt solution contained 0.27 mg/100 mL of ascorbic acid, 76370.93 mg/L of sodium, and 7555.61 mg/100 mL of chloride. In comparison results, the C. aurantiifolia Swingle and sea salt solution can reduce nitrite levels up to 86%, remove hydrogen peroxide, and improve the natural color of EBNs. The present study provides the first potential future cleansing agent for EBNs.
Enrichment Media Selection and Co-Culture Potential among Exoelectrogen Bacteria Vary with Ecological Factors Khoirunnisa, Nur Syafira; Anwar, Syaiful; Sudadi, Untung; Santosa, Dwi Andreas
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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Staphylococcus saprophyticus ICBB 9554 and Citrobacter freundii ICBB 9763 are exoelectrogen bacteria applied as microbial fuel cells (MFC). We selected enrichment media for both these exoelectrogen bacteria, characterized their synergistic traits, and evaluated the growth conditions under different ecological factors. In this study, different enrichment media, such as those containing sugar, molasses, and palm sugar (2, 4, and 6% w/v) were tested for S. saprophyticus ICBB 9554. Meanwhile, technical sodium acetate (NaAc), commercial vinegar 25%, and cider vinegar (5, 10, and 15 mM acetate concentration) were tested for C. freundii ICBB 9763. Both the exoelectrogen bacteria were tested for the synergistic trait by inhibitory test, metabolic activity, and electricity generation performance in MFC. Different ecological factors, including salinity (2, 3, and 4 dS/m), culture media pH (5.8, 6.5, and 6.9), and temperature (20 °C, 27 °C, and 31 °C) were investigated for bacterial growth. The selective enrichment medium ingredient for S. saprophyticus ICBB 9554 was 2% molasses while that for C. freundii ICBB 9763 was 0.05 M technical sodium acetate. Both bacteria were suspected to grow synergistically and could be inoculated simultaneously as a co-culture in MFC. The effect of different ecological factors indicated that co-culture could grow better than pure culture. This study's findings provide important data on potential enrichment media for exoelectrogen bacteria that are beneficial for scale-up to reduce the operational cost.
Synthesis and Study of Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities of 2-oxoquinoline Hydrazide Derivatives Mohamed, Marwa Khalil; Salem, Ezzeldin Mohamed S.; Ali, Ibrahim Ahmed I.
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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In this work, hydrazone, thiosemicarbazide, diamide, and dipeptide derivatives were prepared from the glycine and β-alanine hydrazide of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoquinoline. The desired derivative resulted from substitution, hydrazinolysis, condensation, and azide coupling reactions. The fabricated derivatives were screened for anticancer characteristics toward human’s colon carcinoma (HCT-116) cell line using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide viability assay, while antioxidant property was examined using an in vitro H2O2 scavenging method. The β-alanine hydrazide derivative 3a showed a remarkable IC50 value of 18.8 μg/mL, whereas its corresponding thiosemicarbazide 5b exhibited moderate activeness with an IC50 value of 26.89 μg/mL. Conversely, the dipeptide derivative 7 with a Gly-β-Ala sequence showed better activity than the β-Ala-Gly derivative 8a. The IC50 values of 27.28 and 61.4 μg/mL, respectively, were achieved. According to an H2O2 scavenging activity test, the hydrazide of β-Ala derivative 2a displayed the best H2O2 scavenging property, with an IC50 value of 38.7 μg/mL.
Antibacterial Activity of Honeybee Venom Against Pathogenic Bacteria in Comparison with Common Antibiotics Gavanji, Shahin; Bakhtari, Azizollah
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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Antibiotic resistance has dramatically spread in recent decades and has become a serious problem in modern medicine. Honeybee venom or bee venom (BV) has anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of BV on certain pathogenic bacteria. The effects of different concentrations of BV against Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated by disk diffusion method (inhibition zone, IZ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Additionally, the antibacterial activity of BV was compared with that of ampicillin, penicillin, and tetracycline. The results indicated that different concentrations of BV had an inhibitory effect on the pathogen species. The MIC and MBC of BV were 18 and 24 μg/mL for K. pneumonia, respectively, 38 and 42 μg/mL for P. aeruginosa, respectively, and 21 and 31 μg/mL for S. aureus, respectively. Among the bacterial species tested, BV was the most effective against K. pneumonia. Meanwhile, P. aeruginosa was the most resistant against BV. The comparison revealed that 100 μg/mL BV had a greater effect on IZ against P. aeruginosa and K. pneumonia compared with evaluated common antibiotics (p < 0.05). This study showed that BV demonstrated antibacterial effects. Precise toxicology examinations are required for the development of new antibiotics.
Modification of Zeolite Made from Coal Fly Ash with TiO2: Effect of Aging Time on Physical and Optical Properties Kusumawardani, Linda Jati; Iryani, Ani; Sinaga, Ennita Lusiana
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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The high levels of metal oxides, SiO2, and Al2O3 give coal fly ash the potential for development into zeolite. Zeolite was prepared from fly ash by combining alkaline fusion with hydrothermal treatment. Using this method results in a high surface area, high mechanical properties, and high crystallinity of the sample. Zeolite as a product is modified by TiO2. This study was intended to determine the effect of the operating process in zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash on the types and properties of zeolite and the effect of the aging time of TiO2-modified zeolite at 14, 16, and 20 h. Investigating its physical and optical properties shows that the product contains zeolite X as the major phase. The zeolite X itself contains 96% crystallinity and a specific surface area of 164.78 m2/g. Meanwhile, TiO2/zeolite increases the light absorption in the visible region. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy showed that a 14 h aging time results in the lowest band gap energy of 2.50 eV and the largest surface area of 189.483 m2/g. X-ray diffraction characterization found that TiO2/zeolite is an anatase crystal (~9 nm) with 99% crystallinity. A pilot examination of the photodegradation performance of the TiO2/zeolite nanocomposite was evaluated using 5 mg/L methylene blue and compared with that of zeolite alone.
PVA-Sansevieria trifasciata Fraction Films as Absorbers of Electromagnetic and Thermal Radiation on Smartphones Rahmani, Nabiila; Syahbirin, Gustini; Maddu, Akhiruddin; Sugita, Purwantiningsih; Ilmiawati, Auliya
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 1
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Technological developments have prompted the production of highly advanced smartphones. However, various advanced features cause smartphones to heat up quickly and emit more electromagnetic radiation, which harms human health. Smartphone protection is needed to solve these issues. This study aims to create a film from the S. trifasciata plant based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to reduce electromagnetic and thermal radiation on smartphones. S. trifasciata plants were macerated with acetone and partitioned with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and water. The films were made by mixing PVA with the four fractions. Among the four layers of film, the PVA + water and PVA + ethyl acetate fractions reduced electromagnetic radiation by 25.34% and 2.64%, respectively, and smartphone heat by 3.82 °C and 2.8 °C, respectively, the largest reductions. The results of an LC–MS/MS analysis show that the compounds thought to be contained in both fractions and play a major role in reducing electromagnetic and thermal radiation in smartphones are di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, and two steroidal compounds, namely, stigmasterol and ergosterol peroxide.

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