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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 880 Documents
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Benefits of Plant Pigment, Quercetin, for Fish and Prawn Prakoso, Yos Adi; Hidayah, Jasir Hakim; Sanjaya, Michael Richard; Pratama, Agga Dhigayuka; Azhar, Annisha Permata Nurul; Kuswanto, Arya Surya; April, Berlian Ronaldi; Utami, Intan Karisma; Putra, Mahera Sandi Sasmita; Wukak, Maria Paulina; Satria, Naufal Farros
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Quercetin is an important phytochemical that belongs to the flavonoid group of plant pigments. It has potential benefits as an antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory agent. However, the utilization of quercetin in aquaculture is not optimal. Hence, this study conducted a literature review to analyze the potential benefits of quercetin in aquaculture, especially for fish and prawn. Results showed that quercetin can be isolated from herbs using several methods, including sonication, maceration, and fractionation. Its amount in plants can be potentially determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. Some of the plants containing high quercetin levels include shallot, garlic, apple skin, guava leaves, green tea, chia seeds, and desert rose flower. In aquaculture, quercetin can be applied to increase the ideal body weight, feed conversion ratio, and condition factor of aquatic cultured species and serves as an antioxidant, antistress, strengthening probiotic and an antiinfective agent. Latest research showed that quercetin benefits the immunity of goldfish against furunculosis. Furthermore, quercetin shows potential in prawn industry as an antioxidant protection that improves the meat quality. To date, the potential benefits of quercetin have not been widely utilized in aquaculture. The minimum utilization can be attributed to the lack of a systematic review regarding its potency either on fish or prawn. Hence, this study provides the essential review of quercetin in aquaculture.
Degradation of Chlorpyrifos Residue on Tropical Inceptisol Soil with Indigenous Bacteria Treatment Kurnia, Asep; Zu`amah, Hidayatuz; Sulastri, Baiq Nunung; Makmur, Ria Fauriah
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The use of soil microbes is one of the most effective methods for degrading pesticide residue in soil. Microbes can accelerate the degradation of persistent pollutants including chlorpyrifos in soil. This research aims to find soil bacteria with the greatest potential to degrade chlorpyrifos residue in tropical inceptisol soil and determine its degradation index (DI). The soil used in this experiment was collected from agricultural fields in the districts of Demak, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The experiment was performed using factorial randomize complete block design composed of two factors and four replications. The first factors were made up of two treatments, namely, sterile soil (S) and nonsterile soil (NS). The second factors were composed of five treatments, namely, 1) Delftia acidovorans, 2) Entrobacter sp., 3) Chryseobacterium geocarposphaerae, 4) a mix of three bacteria, and 5) without bacteria (check). Results revealed that D. acidovorans grew faster than other bacteria in chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil. The optimum condition of bacteria growth and chlorpyrifos degradation was observed at the temperature of 28.9 ℃ and soil pH of 5.75. D. acidovorans promoted the degradation of chlorpyrifos residue in soil faster than others with a DI of 0.096. The half-life of chlorpyrifos in soil was faster in NS than in S.
Optimizing the Expression of Polyethylene Terephtalate Hydrolase-Encoding Synthetic Gene in Escherichia coli Arctic Express (DE3) Nataniel, Jocelyn; Ulfah, Maria; Achnafani, Dini; Nurhayati, Niknik; Sabbathini, Gabriela Christy; Wulandari, Sri Rezeki; Abinawanto, Abinawanto; Helianti, Is
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The waste of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste in Indonesia is a pressing concern due to its slow degradation and potential environmental damage. One promising solution is to utilize polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase from Ideonella sakaiensis (IsPETase), an enzyme that specifically degrades PET. However, inducing the expression of IsPETase synthetic gene in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) has been challenging because much of it remains insoluble. This study aimed to express IsPETase in E. coli Arctic Express (DE3) and optimize the conditions to enhance its production. First, pET22b(+)pelB-IsPETase was inserted into E. coli Arctic Express (DE3). The recombinant E. coli Arctic Express (DE3) was induced with isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and incubated at 10 °C. The fraction expressing soluble IsPETase was determined in different culture media, IPTG concentrations, induction times, and soni-cation durations. Parameters were optimized using a one-factor-at-a-time approach and then evaluated based on esterase specific activity and SDS-PAGE analysis. Results showed that IsPETase can be expressed in extracellular, periplasmic, and cytoplasmic soluble fractions. However, the extracellular fraction should be concentrated. Subsequent optimization focused only on the cytoplasmic fraction under optimal conditions, achieving a threefold increase in PETase specific activity compared with that under uninduced IPTG conditions. The reaction of PETase enzyme with PET and PCL was proven by weight loss, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Although successful IsPETase expression and production optimization have been achieved, the specific activity remains low, prompting the need for ongoing expression optimization.
Preparation of β-Ni (OH)2 Nanosheet–Modified Glassy Carbon for Pseudocapacitors Putra, Muhammad Buchari Setia; Aliyah, Aliyah; Sanjaya, Afiten Rahmin; Pramadewandaru, Respati Kevin; Chung, Hoeil; Ivandini, Tribidasari Anggraningrum
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 2
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Abstract

β-Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanosheet–modified glassy carbon for pseudocapacitors was successfully prepared. The nanosheets were synthesized via a conventional growth seeding method combined with hydrothermal treatment. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization indicated the hexagonal structure of the nanosheets of around 15 nm in size, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed the β-phase lattice crystal. These nanosheets used to modify the glassy carbon surface, increased the electroactive surface area by around 15 times. Furthermore, electrochemical investigation of the modified glassy carbon revealed an excellent performance and a specific capacitance of 628.01 F g−1 at a 1 A g−1 current density. Moreover, an outstanding stability was demonstrated, with 89.9% retention of the capacitance observed after 3000 cycles at a 1 A g−1 current density.
Authentication of Shallots from Brebes using Gas Chromatography Fingerprinting Technique Combined with Chemometrics Pradina, Yana Setyani; Puteri, Adelia; Rachma, Gina Fauzia; Balqis, Nazwa; Anggraini, Gerli Puspita; Wasito, Hendri
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
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Abstract

Shallots from Brebes, also called Bima Brebes, have a more pungent aroma compared to other varieties. Its high demand results in increased prices in the market, leading to frequent cases of fraud wherein Bima Brebes shallots are replaced with other types of shallots. This study aimed to develop an analytical method using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID) fingerprinting combined with chemometrics to authenticate Bima Brebes shallots. Essential oils were extracted through ultrasonic hydrodistillation, followed by organoleptic, refractive index, GC-FID fingerprinting and chemometric analysis. The yield value of the five studied shallot varieties ranged from 0.02% to 0.08% w/w. Meanwhile, the organoleptic tests and refractive index values showed minimal differences among the five varieties. The GC-FID analysis revealed approximately 149 chromatogram peaks, and chemometric analysis, including principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis, was used to group and differentiate the chromatogram profiles of the five shallot varieties based on their types. Therefore, this method can be used as an alternative analysis technique for authenticating Bima Brebes shallots.
Preliminary Molecular Study of Chloramphenicol Anchoring on Laccase Enzyme from Trametes hirsuta Riyanto, Hanzhola Gusman; Sanjaya, Afiten Rahmin
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
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Abstract

Antibiotics are one of emerging pollutants generally emitted from livestock production and the food industry to the environment. The presence of this pollutant could initiate the development of resistant bacteria that can be fatal to human health. The degradation of antibiotics using enzymes or microbe could be an alternative because the residue or intermediate product is less harmful than of the conventional method. This research aims to support a preliminary study of the degradation of antibiotics using enzyme through molecular docking via Molecular Operating Environment software and molecular dynamics (MD) study via CABSFLEX 2.0 and WebGro macromolecular simulations. The molecular docking of the laccase-chloramphenicol complex has low binding energies of approximately −8.1350 and −8.2290 kcal/mol for both rigid and flexible methods, respectively, indicating that the formation of the complex is advantegous. MD simulation further revealed a decrease in rigidity after the interaction with the ligand. Hydrogen bonding analysis indicated up to five hydrogen bonds in the complex, underscoring the robustness of the enzyme--ligand interaction. These results collectively contribute to our understanding of the efficacy of enzyme-mediated antibiotic degradation and emphasize the potential for this approach to mitigate environmental and health concerns associated with antibiotic pollution
Evaluation of the Water Quality and Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Gomti River Flowing Through the Urban Region of Lucknow, India Gondial, Neha; Bharti, Sandhya
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
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Abstract

The physicochemical properties and heavy metals contents of the Gomti River water (GRW) samples collected from five selected sites covering a stretch of ~31 km in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India were ascertained. The sites were Ghaila Pul, Mehndi Ghat, Shaheed Smarak, Kukrail Junction, and Bande Dam, represented as S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5, respectively, following from upstream to downstream. S1 was considered as a reference site. The values of pH, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness (TH), total chloride (TC), total alkalinity (TA), total acidity (TAC), total free CO2, total NO3, and NO2 differed with sites. The Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Cr, and Pb levels were also investigated. Except for Zn and Cu, all other metals were detected beyond the levels allowed by the BIS (2012) and Organization of Economic Corporation and Development (OECD, 2020) for water bodies. Further, the current finding suggests that the discharge of untreated industrial, agricultural, and domestic effluents into the Gomti River is unendurable.
Immobilization of Ni(II) on Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica as Catalyst for Benzyl Alcohol Acetylation Reaction Nabilah, Wardah; Kunarti, Eko Sri; Pambudi, Fajar Inggit
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
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In this study, amine-functionalized and Ni(II)-immobilized mesoporous silica materials were synthesized. This research aimed to synthesize mesoporous silica based on rice husk ash functionalized with amine and immobilized with Ni(II). The activity of amine-functionalized and Ni(II)-immobilized mesoporous silica materials was studied for the acetylation of benzyl alcohol with acetic anhydride as the acetylating agent. First, mesoporous silica was synthesized using rice husk ash using the sol–gel method, followed by amine functionalization using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and Ni(II) immobilization through ultrasonic treatment. The results obtained showed that amine-functionalized and Ni(II)-immobilized mesoporous silica (SiO2/APTES/Ni(II)) were successfully synthesized, confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry data. In addition, the synthesized materials had an average pore diameter of 12.83 nm. Afterward, the catalytic activity test showed that SiO2/APTES/Ni(II) was able to convert 98.34% of benzyl alcohol in the acetylation reaction at 45 °C for 5 h. The use of the SiO2/APTES/Ni(II) catalyst for three cycles obtained percent conversion values with a slight decreases (98.34%, 95.20%, and 90.61%).
Phenotypic Correlation, Path Analysis, and Quantitative Trait-Based Selection of Elite Wheat Genotypes Under Heat Stress Conditions in The Terai Region of Nepal Bhandari, Radhakrishna; Panthi, Binod; Nyaupane, Shivalal; Shrestha, Sandesh; Sharma, Prabin; Gupta, Rajesh Kumar; Sahani, Sansar; Poudel, Mukti Ram
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
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Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, but the production and productivity of wheat is affected by heat stress. A field experiment using an alpha lattice design with seven blocks was conducted on 35 elite wheat genotypes in the Terai region of Nepal to identify the most appropriate trait resulting in a high-yielding wheat genotype with high tolerance to heat stress. Correlation analysis revealed that booting-to-heading duration (BtoH), booting-to-anthesis duration (BtoA), plant height (Ph), spike length (SL), spike weight (SW), thousand grain weight (TGW), straw yield (SY), and total biomass yield (TY) had a significant positive correlation with grain yield (GY), whereas days to booting (DTB), days to heading (DTH), and days to anthesis (DTA) had significant negative correlations with GY (p ≤ 0.05). Path analysis revealed that DTB and DTA had a direct negative effect on the GY, whereas DTH had an indirect negative effect on yield via DTB. BtoA, Ph, SL, SW, and TGW had direct positive effects on yield, whereas BtoH had an indirect positive effect on yield via DTB. Principal component analysis demonstrated that high-yielding genotypes can be selected using DTB, DTH, DTA, BtoH, BtoA, and Ph. Taller and earlier genotype with long BtoH and BtoA would produce high yield under heat stress.
First-Principles Calculations of Thermoelectric Properties of Fe-Based Full- Heusler Fe2CuSi Nurlaela, Ai; Nanto, Dwi; Azhar, Anugrah; Yuniarti, Elvan; Kristiantoro, Tony; Dedi, Dedi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
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A first-principle study using density functional theory (DFT) and Boltzmann transport was conducted to evaluate the thermoelectric (TE) properties of an Fe-based full-Heusler alloy. The compound studied is Fe2CuSi with a Cu2MnAl-type structure. The electronic properties of Fe2CuSi were obtained using DFT calculations by running the Quantum ESPRESSO (QE) package. By contrast, TE properties, including electron thermal conductivity, electric conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient, were computed using a semi-empirical Boltzmann transport model solved through the BoltzTraP software at 50–1,500 K temperature range. The spin-orbit coupling effect on these properties was also evaluated, demonstrating notable effects on the results. Multiple electronic bands crossing the Fermi level for both spin directions were confirmed by the density of state curve, indicating the metallic behavior of Fe2CuSi. The magnitude of the figure of merit was determined by the Seebeck coefficient, electric conductivity, and electron thermal conductivity. In this study, the maximum dimensionless figure of merit was 0.027, reached at 1,000 K for the spin-down channel.

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