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Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Manado
ISSN : 28092805     EISSN : 28090756     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30984/ajifl
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law mainly focuses on Islamic Family Law and Islamic Law. with various approaches of normative, philosophy, history, sociology, anthropology, theology, psychology, and is intended to communicate the original researches and current issues on the subject. Detailed scopes of articles accepted for submission to Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law are: 1. Study of the Islamic Social Institution of Family Law 2. Basic Study of Islamic Family Law Science 3. Islamic Family Law Dispute Resolution 4. Contemporary Study of Islamic Family Law 5. Islamic Family Law in the World
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 66 Documents
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Perspektif Hukum Islam terhadap Adat Istiadat Mogama’ di Kelurahan Mogolaing: Perbedaan Nilai dengan Ajaran Islam Suleman, Frangky; Soleman, Moh. Rafiq; Ontowirjo, Nurul Izzah Assyifa
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v3i2.2731

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the Islamic perspective on implementing the Mogama’ customary practices in Mogolaing Village, West Kotamobagu. A qualitative method was employed, conducting field research in Mogolaing Village, gathering data through observation, interviews, and documentation, which were analyzed based on information from the village head, customary leaders, religious figures, and community leaders. The research findings reveal differences in values between the Islamic interpretation and the practice of Mogama’ and Islamic law. Islamic teachings, such as respect for women, friendship, cooperation, blessings through congregational prayers, good treatment of women, and the development of strong familial ties, are not aligned with the values in Mogama’s practices. Some scholars discuss 'urf related to customs and traditions, utilizing 'urf and customs/practices appropriate to their context for adaptation. However, the traditional marriage procession of Bolaang Mongondow is considered in line with Islamic teachings as "Urf Saḥīh" because it does not contradict them. The research concludes that there are differences in values between Islamic teachings and Mogama’ practices. At the same time, some scholars use 'urf and customs/practices in their appropriate contexts for adaptation, and the traditional Bolaang Mongondow marriage is considered in accordance with Islamic teachings as 'Urf Saḥīh. Keywords: Mogama’; Sanctions; Islamic Law. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perspektif Islam terhadap penerapan adat istiadat Mogama’ di Kelurahan Mogolaing, Kotamobagu Barat. Metode kualitatif digunakan dengan penelitian lapangan di Kelurahan Mogolaing, mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis berdasarkan informasi dari kepala Kelurahan, tokoh adat, tokoh agama, dan tokoh masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan nilai antara penafsiran Islam terhadap praktik Mogama’ dan hukum Islam. Prinsip-prinsip ajaran Islam, seperti penghormatan terhadap perempuan, persahabatan, gotong royong, keberkahan melalui shalat berjamaah, perlakuan baik terhadap perempuan, dan pembangunan tali kekeluargaan erat, tidak selaras dengan nilai-nilai dalam praktik Mogama’. Beberapa ulama membahas ‘urf yang terkait dengan adat istiadat dan kebiasaan, menggunakan ‘urf serta adat/kebiasaan yang sesuai dengan konteksnya untuk menyesuaikan diri. Meskipun demikian, prosesi pernikahan adat Bolaang Mongondow dianggap sesuai dengan ajaran Islam sebagai "Urf Saḥīh" karena tidak bertentangan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nilai antara ajaran Islam dan praktik Mogama’, sementara beberapa ulama menggunakan ‘urf dan adat/kebiasaan sesuai konteksnya untuk menyesuaikan diri, sementara pernikahan adat Bolaang Mongondow dianggap sesuai dengan ajaran Islam sebagai ‘Urf Saḥīh. 
Navigating Custody: The Impact of Religious Court Judges on Interfaith Family Dynamics Mursyid, Salma; Bilalu, Naskur; Subeitan, Syahrul Mubarak
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v4i1.3039

Abstract

This study examines the critical role of Religious Court judges in deciding child custody in families with parents of different religions in Indonesia. Religious Court judges face unique challenges in balancing Islamic legal principles with children's best interests in a complex and diverse social context. This study aims to identify factors that affect judges' decisions, including legal foundations, moral considerations, and social impacts. Using a qualitative approach, data were obtained through in-depth interviews with judges, case analysis, and literature reviews. The study results show that judges consider not only formal law but also social values and the interests of children. Factors such as the child's psychological condition, emotional stability, and a healthy growth and development environment are the primary considerations in decision-making. In addition, the study found that the diversity of interpretations of Islamic law among judges influenced their final decisions. This study found that Religious Court judges consider not only formal law but also social values and the best interests of children in making decisions on child custody in families of different religions. In addition, the diversity of interpretations of Islamic law among judges also influences the final decision, with factors such as the child's psychological condition and emotional stability being the primary considerations.
Tradisi Perjodohan pada Masyarakat Bugis di Kecamatan Ladongi: Deskripsi, Dampak, dan Perspektif Hukum Islam Rasak, Abdul
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v3i2.2579

Abstract

This research examines the tradition of arranged marriages in the Bugis community in the Ladongi Subdistrict, East Kolaka Regency, focusing on description, impact, and analysis from the perspective of Islamic law. The study employs an empirical legal or socio-legal research approach with a descriptive-qualitative method. Through direct observation and interviews on the practice of arranged marriages and the application of Islamic law, the research findings indicate that the tradition of arranged marriages still exists due to specific factors and motives. The matchmaking process involves procedural stages that consider parents' choices as the best for their children. Positive outcomes occur when the selected partners meet the criteria set by parents and are accepted willingly by the children. However, negative impacts arise when children are unwilling to accept the chosen partner, feel afraid to express their disagreement, or when parents force the marriage. From the perspective of Islamic law, arranged marriages are considered permissible (mubah), and parents do not have the right to force their children into marriage. The research suggests that the tradition of arranged marriages can be carried out with the willingness and sincerity of the children, avoiding coercion that contradicts Islamic principles.Keywords: Arranged Marriages Tradition; Bugis Tribe; Islamic Law.ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengkaji tradisi perjodohan pada masyarakat Bugis di Kecamatan Ladongi, Kabupaten Kolaka Timur, dengan fokus pada deskripsi, dampak, dan analisis dari perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian hukum empiris atau socio-legal research dengan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara terhadap praktik tradisi perjodohan dan penerapan hukum Islam, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi perjodohan masih eksis karena faktor dan motif tertentu. Proses perjodohan melibatkan tahapan prosedur yang mempertimbangkan pilihan orang tua sebagai yang terbaik bagi anak. Hasil positif terjadi saat pasangan yang dipilih memenuhi kriteria baik orang tua dan diterima tanpa paksaan oleh anak. Namun, dampak negatif muncul ketika anak enggan menerima pasangan yang dipilihkan, merasa takut untuk mengekspresikan ketidaksetujuannya, atau saat orang tua memaksa pernikahan. Dari perspektif hukum Islam, perjodohan dianggap mubah dan orang tua tidak berhak memaksa anak untuk menikah. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa tradisi perjodohan dapat dilakukan dengan kerelaan dan keikhlasan dari anak, menghindari paksaan yang bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam.  
Upaya Kantor Urusan Agama dalam Mencegah Perkawinan Dini di Kecamatan Lolak, Bolaang Mongondow Amiri, Kartika Septiani; Paputungan, Rahmat
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v3i2.2830

Abstract

This research focuses on the role of the Office of Religious Affairs/Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) in reducing early marriage rates and the variables influencing such events in the Lolak Subdistrict, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi. A qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach is employed to understand participants' experiences regarding early marriage comprehensively. The research results indicate that the KUA plays a crucial role in lowering the incidence of early marriages in the Lolak Subdistrict. They refuse to approve marriages that violate the age limits set by Law Number 16 of 2019. In addition to withholding approval, the KUA also conducts educational programs to provide the community an understanding of these regulations. Islamic guidance is delivered directly in classroom settings to prevent early marriages. This research seeks to uncover the role of the KUA in addressing early marriages and the influencing variables in the Lolak Subdistrict. With an emphasis on education and the refusal to approve early marriages, the KUA is a crucial agent in combating early marriages in the region. Keywords: Office of Religious Affairs; Marriage, Early Age. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berfokus pada peran Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) dalam mengurangi angka pernikahan dini serta variabel yang mempengaruhi peristiwa tersebut di Kecamatan Lolak, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara. Metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran komprehensif terhadap pengalaman partisipan penelitian seputar pernikahan dini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUA memainkan peran yang penting dalam menurunkan angka pernikahan dini di Kelurahan Lolak. Mereka menolak memberikan persetujuan terhadap pernikahan yang melanggar batasan usia yang ditetapkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019. Selain menolak persetujuan, KUA juga menggelar program edukasi untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang peraturan tersebut. Bimbingan Islam disampaikan secara langsung dalam setting kelas untuk mencegah terjadinya pernikahan dini. Penelitian ini berusaha  mengungkap peran KUA dalam menangani pernikahan dini serta variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhinya di Kecamatan Lolak. Dengan penekanan pada edukasi dan penolakan persetujuan pernikahan dini yang ditentukan, KUA bertindak sebagai agen penting dalam memerangi pernikahan dini di wilayah tersebut. 
The Phenomenon of the Sakinah Family in the Rahmat Pura Wedding Tradition Afabih, Abdillah; Anwar, Khoirul
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v4i1.2993

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is three. First, to describe the phenomenon of the Sakinah family in Sumber Pendidikan Mental Agama Allah (SPMAA) Islamic boarding school. Second, it explains the efforts of the executors and participants of the Rahmat Pura wedding tradition in creating a Sakinah family. Third, explain the challenges and solutions the organizers and participants face in realizing this goal. The aspiration for a harmonious family is a shared desire among married couples, including those in arranged marriages. One particular tradition that exemplifies this phenomenon is the Rahmat Pura wedding tradition, which takes place within the context of a pesantren. By applying a phenomenological approach, this article concludes two things. First, the phenomenon of the Sakinah family at SPMAA adheres to the concept of the Sakinah of the Prophets, which is synonymous with the simplicity and struggle of God's religion. Second, among the implementing efforts is to provide providers with pre-marital activities and create a family feeling in the pesantren environment. Meanwhile, the efforts of the participants are to support each other and remind the couple that the purpose of their marriage is the struggle for Allah's religion.
Pewarisan Tradisional dalam Masyarakat Muslim: Analisis Hukum Adat Suku Tengger dari Perspektif Islam Widiatmoko, Kukuh; Bilalu, Naskur; Lamaluta, Fani
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v3i2.1960

Abstract

 This study details the inheritance system prevalent in the Muslim community of the Tengger tribe while conducting a thorough analysis of customary law from the perspective of Islam. Using a qualitative descriptive design approach, this research summarizes a series of observations and interviews conducted directly by the researcher. The main findings assert that the inheritance process in the Tengger tribe does not adhere to Islamic law principles but is instead based on local customary legal rules. Within the framework of Tengger customary law, the role of parents is central in regulating the distribution of wealth, the amount of inheritance, and gifts to heirs. This indicates that traditional values substantially influence the regulation of inheritance in this community, demonstrating the complexity of social structures and the sustainability of traditions in the context of their adherence to Islam in general. This analysis opens up a deeper understanding of the dynamics between customary law and Islamic teachings in the specific context of the Tengger tribe, emphasizing their relevance in understanding inheritance and property rights within the community.Keywords: Customary Inheritance; Tengger Muslims; Islamic Law.  ABSTRAK Kajian ini merinci sistem pewarisan yang berlaku di masyarakat Muslim suku Tengger, sambil menjalankan analisis mendalam terhadap hukum adat yang terperinci dari perspektif Islam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan desain deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini merangkum serangkaian observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan secara langsung oleh peneliti. Temuan utama menegaskan bahwa proses pewarisan di suku Tengger tidak mengacu pada prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam, tetapi justru berdasarkan aturan hukum adat setempat yang kental. Dalam kerangka hukum adat Tengger, peran orang tua memegang peranan sentral dalam pengaturan pembagian harta, besaran bagian, dan pemberian kepada para ahli waris. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa nilai-nilai tradisional secara substansial mempengaruhi regulasi pewarisan harta di lingkungan masyarakat ini, menunjukkan kompleksitas struktur sosial dan keberlanjutan tradisi dalam konteks agama Islam yang mereka anut secara umum. Analisis ini membuka ruang pemahaman yang lebih mendalam terkait dinamika hubungan antara hukum adat dan ajaran Islam dalam konteks spesifik suku Tengger, menggarisbawahi relevansinya dalam pemahaman tentang pewarisan harta dan hak-hak waris di dalam komunitas tersebut. 
The Position of Girls in Obstructing Brother's Inheritance: A Sunni and Shia Fiqh Perspective and the Supreme Court's Jurisprudence Muhammady, Alfian; Kolopita, Abdul Fajri
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v4i1.2477

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the position of girls in hindering their brother's inheritance from the perspective of Sunni and Shia jurisprudence and the jurisprudence of the Indonesian Supreme Court. The research method used is a literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach, which involves the study of Sunni and Shia fiqh literature and the analysis of Supreme Court decisions related to inheritance cases. The results of the study show that there are significant differences between Sunni and Shia jurisprudence in determining the inheritance rights of girls. Sunni jurisprudence generally gives priority to boys, although girls still receive a share of the inheritance but do not completely block the rights of brothers. In contrast, Shia jurisprudence gives a stronger position to girls, which can reduce or hinder the inheritance rights of brothers. In the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Indonesia, efforts were found to harmonize the rules of fiqh with the principle of justice in national law, which aims to ensure a fairer distribution of inheritance. The conclusion of this study is that the interpretation of girls' inheritance law in the context of fiqh and national jurisprudence needs to be developed to achieve gender justice in the distribution of inheritance. The implication of this research is the importance of inheritance law reform that considers both fiqh perspectives and judicial decisions to create a fairer and more inclusive legal system in Indonesia.
Economic and Nafkah in the Case of Divorce in Indonesia: The Perspective of Fiqh Sa'adah, Mazro'atus; Abubakar, Fatum; Na'mah, Ulin
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v4i1.2928

Abstract

The number of divorce cases filed by wives is increasing. One of the factors considered to be the cause is the Nafkah issue. Accordingly, the discourse on the problem of sustenance as a reason for divorce among classical fiqh scholars and reinterpreting the text to find a solution to the high rate of divorce due to economic and living reasons, without having to leave the classical Islamic scholar’s legal tradition, needs to be studied more deeply. This research aims to provide a solution to prevent divorce caused by family conflicts due to economic factors by reviewing the concept of alimony from the perspective of fiqh. This research is qualitative, using a normative approach to fiqh and interpretation. The results of this study indicated that there was a need for reinterpretation of the views of the majority of scholars regarding the wife’s right to ask for a divorce from the judge if the husband does not provide a living. If the opinion of the fiqh scholars continues to be applied, it will increase the number of divorce cases for economic and livelihood reasons. Moreover, this action received legitimacy from stakeholders through marriage laws and regulations. The interpretation of KH. Husayn Muhammad’s of Q.S. al-Nisa' (4): 34 needs to be used as a reference in updating the law regarding the obligation of a living so that it is hoped that there will be no more divorces carried out for economic and livelihood reasons.
Tradisi Piduduk dalam Perkawinan Masyarakat Banjar di Kabupaten Balangan, Kalimantan Selatan: Perspektif Maqasid Syariah Rahmatillah, Nor Annisa; Subeitan, Syahrul Mubarak; Abubakar, Fatum
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v3i2.2747

Abstract

This study aims to describe the piduduk tradition in marriages in the Banjar community, Balangan District, South Kalimantan. This qualitative research collects data in the field through observation and interviews, then analyses using the Islamic maqashid approach. This research shows that the piduduk of the Banjar people is still strong in every wedding ceremony. The Banjar people believe that if this tradition is abandoned when holding a wedding ceremony, then the wedding ceremony will not run smoothly. This tradition is carried out by older people when one of their relatives has a wedding. As for the implementation of the piduduk carried out by the Banjar community, it can cover five objectives of maqasid sharia, namely: First, to protect religion (hifdz-ad-din) as obedience to parents; Second, maintaining reason/mind (hifdz al-aql) as a valuable tradition for society; Third, taking care of the soul (hifdz an-nafs) as giving food to the bride and groom in the form of brown sugar and coconut so that the bride and groom stay healthy and have stamina when they are side by side at the aisle; Fourth, guarding assets (hifdz al-mal) as gifts to event facilitators that are worth alms; and Fifth, protecting the offspring (hifdz an-nasb) as part of preserving the Piduduk tradition of the Banjar people.Keywords: Piduduk; Marriage; Maqasid Sharia. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tradisi piduduk dalam perkawinan masyarakat Banjar di Kabupaten Balangan, Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data di lapangan melalui observasi dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan maqashid Syariah. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tradisi piduduk masyarakat Banjar masih kental pada setiap upacara perkawinan. Masyarakat Banjar percaya apabila tradisi ini ditinggalkan ketika melangsungkan acara perkawinan, maka acara perkawinan tersebut tidak akan berjalan dengan lancar. Tradisi ini dilakukan oleh orang yang lebih tua ketika salah satu kerabatnya akan melangsungkan acara perkawinan. Adapun pelaksanaan tradisi piduduk yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Banjar dapat melingkupi lima tujuan dari maqasid syariah, yaitu: Pertama, untuk menjaga agama (hifdz-ad-din) sebagai kepatuhan kepada orang tua; Kedua, menjaga akal/fikiran (hifdz al-aql) sebagai tradisi yang bernilai bagi masyarakat; Ketiga, menjaga jiwa (hifdz an-nafs) sebagai pemberian makanan kepada pengantin berupa gula merah dan kelapa agar pengantin tetap sehat dan berstamina ketika sedang bersanding di pelaminan; Keempat, menjaga harta (hifdz al-mal) sebagai pemberian kepada para fasilitator acara yang bernilai sedekah; dan Kelima, menjaga keturunan (hifdz an-nasb) sebagai bagian dalam melestarikan tradisi piduduk masyarakat Banjar.  
A Critical Analysis of the Bugis Wedding Tradition 'Passampo Siri Jamal, Ridwan; Mitra, Asandi
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v4i1.3040

Abstract

This paper examines the Passampo siri’ tradition (marriage of disgrace) in the Bugis community through paradigmatic analysis using the framework of Critical Theory. The research method used is a literature study to collect data from relevant literature sources. The data were analyzed qualitatively with a paradigmatic approach to achieve contextual and in-depth meaning related to the philosophical background of Passampo Siri’ and its implications for his abolition discourse. The results of the analysis show that Passampo siri’ is actually a socio-cultural entity born from the habitus of the Bugis people towards the concept of self-esteem (siri') as a core value. Removing them without a contextual understanding can threaten the integrity of the values that have been upheld and closely guarded so far. Therefore, this case reminds us of the importance of reflective attitudes and multidimensional analysis before deciding to "break" a tradition that is considered purely irrational. This research seeks to integrate epistemological reflections from critical theory in understanding the Passampo siri’, highlighting how power structures, ideologies, and social norms shape and influence those cultural practices. This study emphasizes that the abolition discourse must consider the historical and social context behind this tradition. The results of this study provide insight that cultural reform requires an approach that respects the complexity and richness of local values, while opening up a space for constructive critical dialogue.

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