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Saintika Medika: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga.
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
ISSN : 0216759X     EISSN : 2614476     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22219/
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Saintika Medika is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and also interesting case reports. Brief communications containing short features of medicine, latest developments in diagnostic procedures, treatment, or other health issues that is important for the development of health care system are also acceptable. Letters and commentaries of our published articles are welcome.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Keluarga
Articles 600 Documents
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Toxicity and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Chromolaena odorata L. for Antidiabetic Herbal Tea Soufa Malita; Muhammad Junaedi
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44123

Abstract

Background: Coppasanda (Chromolaena odorata) is a weed plant containing secondary metabolites with potential antidiabetic activity by lowering blood glucose levels. This plant has been developed into a tea bag formulation. Previous studies reported that Coppasanda tea significantly reduced blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced rats; however, higher concentrations caused unstable glucose levels. Therefore, toxicity testing and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays are required to evaluate its safety and enzyme-inhibiting potential. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the toxicity profile and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Coppasanda tea bags. Methods: Acute toxicity testing was conducted in vivo using 30 mice divided into five groups: control (0.5% CMC-Na), P1 (50 mg/kg BW), P2 (300 mg/kg BW), P3 (1000 mg/kg BW), and P4 (2000 mg/kg BW). The α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed in vitro using p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) as the substrate and α-glucosidase enzyme. Absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer at 405 nm. Results: The toxicity test showed no toxic symptoms of Coppasanda tea bags, indicated by the absence of significant changes (P > 0.05) in body weight, mortality, clinical signs, and organ indices of the experimental animals. In vitro results demonstrated strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with a maximum inhibition of 98% and an IC₅₀ value of 29 µg/mL. Conclusion: Coppasanda tea bags are non-toxic and exhibit strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, indicating potential as a safe antidiabetic herbal beverage.
Blood Profile and Heavy Metal Levels Among Gas Station Workers in Malang Ari Prasetyadjati; Taufiq Abdullah; Munsifah Zaiyanah; Erka Wahyu Kinanda; Sabrina Analisa
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44254

Abstract

Fuel-station attendants are chronically exposed to lead, mercury and cadmium through inhalation of vehicle-exhaust particulates and dermal contact with fuel residues, placing them at elevated risk of cardiovascular and renal disease. Despite this recognised hazard, integrated health-surveillance data for Indonesian pump operators remain scarce. This study aimed to characterise the vascular status, haematological and biochemical profile, circulating heavy-metal concentrations and occupational safety behaviours of fuel-station workers in Malang, East Java. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed. Twenty male pump attendants were recruited by census sampling from multiple SPBU outlets in Malang during 2025. Each participant underwent seated blood-pressure measurement, pulse oximetry and venous blood collection for quantification of lead, mercury, cadmium, renal function markers (ureum, creatinine, BUN), liver enzymes (SGOT, SGPT) and electrolytes. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire captured sociodemographic data, smoking status and occupational safety practices. Hypertension was defined per the 2024 ESC Guidelines (≥140/90 mmHg) and metal concentrations were benchmarked against WHO occupational thresholds. Pearson correlation and SPSS 26 were used for analysis. Mean age was 26.8 ± 5.9 years. Eleven workers (55%) met the hypertension criterion (mean systolic 134.6 ± 13.9, diastolic 85.2 ± 8.8 mmHg). Blood lead averaged 30.22 ± 4.96 µg/L, exceeding the 20 µg/L occupational threshold in all 20 participants (100%). Mercury (16.32 ± 2.75 µg/L) and cadmium (3.44 ± 0.83 µg/L) mostly remained within limits. Renal and hepatic panels were largely unremarkable; however, employment duration correlated positively with blood lead (r = 0.45, p = 0.047) and with ureum (r = 0.50, p = 0.024). Only nine workers (45%) used masks or gloves routinely and six (30%) attended periodic health examinations. Universal lead-level elevation, high hypertension prevalence and poor protective-equipment compliance underscore the need for routine metal screening, cardiovascular surveillance and structured occupational-health programmes for Indonesia's fuel-station workforce.
Comparing Disaster Medical Records: Insights from a Tabletop Exercise Ari Prasetyadjati; Arifin; Nanik Setijowati; Suryanto Eko Agung Nugroho; Istan Irmansyah Irsan
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44307

Abstract

Background: Medical records are crucial for healthcare management during disasters. However, the World Health Organization’s Emergency Medical Team Minimum Data Set (EMT-MDS) is a relatively new standard and remains unfamiliar to many practitioners. In Indonesia, its implementation is further challenged by language barriers, making evaluation against locally adapted documentation formats necessary. Objectives: This study compares the effectiveness of EMT-MDS with a conventional medical record prototype adapted from Indonesian Ministry of Health guidelines. Methods: A quantitative comparative study was conducted using a Table Top Exercise (TTX) simulation. Two simulation teams acting as Type 1 EMT managed 64 randomized cases using either the EMT-MDS or the conventional format. Results: Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney, McNemar, and Kappa tests showed no significant differences in completion time (p = 0.642) or data completeness (p = 0.980). Wilcoxon One-Sample tests indicated that both systems performed below ideal reference standards. However, EMT-MDS demonstrated better decision-making quality, with higher agreement with scenario keys for patient outcomes (Kappa = 0.848) and coordination assessments (Kappa = 0.968). Conclusion: EMT-MDS better supports accurate decision-making. Therefore, it is recommended for adaptation into the Indonesian EMT documentation system, accompanied by language adjustments and enhanced training for medical personnel.
Hypertension as a Determinant of Elevated Stress Among Hajj Pilgrims: A Cross-Sectional Study Faridj Maulana Amir; Elman Boy; Ahmad Handayani; Nurhasanah
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44313

Abstract

Introduction: The Hajj pilgrimage involves physically and mentally demanding rituals under extreme conditions, including heat, crowding, and long travel, which can increase psychological stress. Hypertension may worsen this stress due to higher risk of complications and altered stress responses. This study aimed to evaluate hypertension as a determinant of stress among Hajj pilgrims in Medan in 2024. Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 56 pilgrims, divided into two groups: 28 with hypertension and 28 without. Stress levels were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: There was a significant association between hypertension and stress levels (p < 0.05). Pilgrims with hypertension had higher stress levels compared to those without hypertension. Discussion: Hypertension is associated with increased stress among Hajj pilgrims. Concerns about health risks during demanding rituals may heighten psychological burden. Proper hypertension management and psychological support before and during Hajj are important to reduce stress and improve pilgrims’ well-being.
Association Between Admission-to-Surgery Time and Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury at RSSA Yuddy Imowanto; Holipah; Sri Wahyuni
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44390

Abstract

Despite evidence that streamlined trauma protocols reduce preoperative delays and improve survival, delays from emergency department admission to surgical intervention remain common and are associated with poorer outcomes. Although international guidelines recommend decompression within a four-hour “golden period,” data on adherence in Indonesia remain limited. This retrospective cohort study evaluated 91 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who underwent neurosurgical intervention at Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, between 2023 and 2024. The association between preoperative time intervals and clinical outcomes, including mortality, Glasgow Outcome Scale at hospital discharge (GOS-HD), and length of stay (LOS), was analyzed. Admission-to-surgery time was not significantly associated with mortality (p = 0.725) or GOS-HD (p = 0.648). However, prolonged total time to surgery (p = 0.029) and extended CT-to-surgery intervals (p = 0.026) were significantly associated with increased LOS. These findings indicate that while surgical delays may not directly affect short-term survival or functional outcomes, they contribute to longer hospitalization and reduced care efficiency. Efforts to minimize post-CT delays may improve workflow and optimize trauma care delivery.
Role of TSHs and FT4 Levels in Thyroid Nodule Histopathology Novitasari; Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Susraini; Kadek Agus Suhardinata
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44412

Abstract

Thyroid nodules are a common clinical finding, although only a minority are malignant. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) have been investigated as potential biomarkers for predicting thyroid malignancy, yet previous studies have shown inconsistent results. This study aimed to analyse the association between TSHs and FT4 levels and histopathological outcomes in patients with thyroid nodules undergoing surgery. This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design with retrospective medical record data from patients who underwent thyroid surgery at Wangaya Regional General Hospital during 2021–2025. Total sampling was applied based on the inclusion criteria, resulting in 121 patients with complete histopathological, TSHs, and FT4 data. The association between histopathological findings and hormone levels was analysed using chi-square test and logistic regression. Most patients were female (84.3%), and benign lesions predominated (71.1%). Higher TSHs levels were more frequent in borderline (66.7%) and malignant (56.3%) groups than in benign lesions (46.5%), but the association was not statistically significant (p=0.535). Lower FT4 levels were also more common in borderline (66.7%) and malignant groups (62.5%) than in benign lesions (48.8%), without significant association (p=0.367). TSHs and FT4 levels were not significantly associated with histopathological outcomes in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. These parameters should not be used as single predictors of thyroid malignancy.
Emergency Department Length of Stay Prior to Surgery in Head Injury Patients Suryanto Eko Agung Nugroho; Tita Hariyanti; Taufiq Abdullah; Yuddy Imowanto; Dewi Puspitasari
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44440

Abstract

Preoperative delays in traumatic brain injury (TBI) significantly increase morbidity and mortality. While general emergency department (ED) crowding is well-documented, specific bottlenecks bridging ED admission to neurosurgical intervention remain underexplored. This study identifies primary determinants prolonging ED length of stay (LOS) for preoperative TBI patients, offering a novel perspective on systemic versus clinical delays. This retrospective cohort study evaluated 102 head injury patients requiring emergency surgery at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital from January 2024 to June 2025. Mean ED LOS was 575.5 minutes (≈9.6 hours). Multivariate linear regression showed that prolonged boarding time and extended diagnostic durations were primary predictors of increased LOS (P < 0.05). Conversely, clinical factors like triage priority and staffing ratios did not significantly influence stay duration (P > 0.05). Notably, boarding time was the most dominant factor, accounting for 40.6% of LOS variance (R² = 0.406). These findings indicate that systemic operational inefficiencies in preoperative waiting and diagnostic workflows are more critical drivers of delay than patient acuity. Consequently, hospital management should prioritize optimizing inter-departmental coordination and emergency surgical pathways to improve outcomes for head injury patients.
Effect of Combined ST36 (Zusanli) and SP6 (Sanyinjiao) Acupoint Stimulation on Appetite in Preschool Children Dewi Kartika Sari; Yuninda Loviana Ersianti; Fredlina Rossa Balindra
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44502

Abstract

Background: Appetite problems in preschool children can negatively affect nutritional intake and growth and remain a public health concern. Conventional interventions are often insufficient, highlighting the need for alternative approaches. Acupressure is considered a safe, practical, and potentially effective method to improve appetite. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure at ST36 (Zusanli) and SP6 (Sanyinjiao) on appetite in preschool children. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest control group design involved 40 preschool children. The intervention group received daily acupressure for two weeks, while the control group received education. Appetite was measured using the Early Child Appetite and Satiety Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Mann–Whitney U test with a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements (p < 0.001), with greater improvement observed in the intervention group. The between-group analysis also showed a significant difference (p = 0.037), indicating that acupressure had a stronger effect compared to education alone. Conclusion: Acupressure at ST36 and SP6 is effective in improving appetite in preschool children and can be considered a feasible non-pharmacological intervention.
Characteristics of Thoracic Radiography and Complications of Displaced Endotracheal Tube Indrastuti Normahayu; S. Khansa Zatalini
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44598

Abstract

Accurate assessment of endotracheal tube (ETT) position is essential after intubation because displacement may lead to clinically relevant pulmonary complications, while local real-world data from Indonesian referral hospitals remain limited. This study aimed to identify chest radiographic characteristics and complications associated with displaced ETT in patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang. This descriptive cross-sectional study reviewed electronic medical records and post-intubation chest radiograph archives from September 2023 to September 2024. Among 4,000 patients who underwent ETT placement, 60 patients (1.50%) had displaced ETT. Pulmonary complications were identified in 48 of these patients (80.00%). Pneumonia was the most frequent complication, occurring in 25 patients (52.08%), followed by combined pneumonia and atelectasis in 12 patients (25.00%) and isolated atelectasis in 11 patients (22.92%). Follow-up chest radiography after ETT repositioning was performed in 43 patients, of whom 18 (41.86%) showed radiographic improvement. Although displaced ETT occurred in a relatively small proportion of patients, pulmonary complications were frequent once displacement occurred. These findings highlight the importance of post-intubation chest radiographic evaluation for early detection of displaced ETT and its complications in routine referral hospital practice.
Effect of Red Apple Peel Extract on Serum Histamine Levels in a Rat Model of Allergic Rhinitis Indra Setiawan; Tara Mandirica; Arindo Kusuma; Rosalia Dwi Permatasari; Miftha Churochman
Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.Vol22.SMUMM1.44828

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) remains a prevalent inflammatory disorder for which long-term pharmacological management is often constrained by adverse effects. This study investigated the impact of red apple peel extract (Malus domestica 'Rome Beauty'), a quercetin-rich by-product sourced from Malang–Batu, on serum histamine concentrations in an established AR rat model. Employing a true-experimental, post-test-only control group design, 25 male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: negative control, positive control (OVA-induced AR), and three treatment arms receiving 10, 25, or 80 mg/kg body weight of extract over 16 days. Serum histamine was quantified via ELISA, and data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis analysis with subsequent Dunn-Holm corrected Mann-Whitney tests; dose-response was further evaluated using the Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Statistically significant intergroup differences were observed (H = 22.347; p < 0.001), with the positive control group exhibiting the highest histamine levels (33.0 ng/mL). Treatment groups demonstrated a progressive reduction in histamine (29.4, 25.4, and 19.0 ng/mL), with the 80 mg/kg dose yielding a 42.4% decrease relative to control (p = 0.011). The presence of a significant dose-dependent trend (p = 0.031) underscores the potential of red apple peel extract as a cost-effective adjunctive strategy in AR management.

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