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Gelora: Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
ISSN : 23554355     EISSN : 28072227     DOI : 10.33394/gjpok
Core Subject : Health, Education, Social,
Education Public Health Social Sciences Other
Journal of Sports and Health Education IKIP Mataram published by the Sports and Health Education Study Program and managed by the Faculty of Sports and Public Health (FIKKM) Mandalika University of Education (UNDIKMA), contains scientific articles in the form of research results and literature studies in Indonesian and English . Published twice a year in March and September, covering the study of science and teaching in the field of sports and health.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 234 Documents
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Effect Of Competitive Collective Method According To Variable Training To Develop Layup Shooting Accuracy In Basketball For Students Ramy Jabbar Kazem Abboud
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.20449

Abstract

The current research aims to investigate effect of a collective competition method based on variable training in developing accuracy of layup shooting in basketball among fourth-year students. researcher used experimental method with an equivalent groups design to suit nature of problem and study's objectives. study was conducted on a purposive sample of fourth-year students at College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon, for academic year 2024-2025, numbering 36 student. To collect data, the researcher used standardized skill tests to measure accuracy of aiming. After ensuring homogeneity and equivalence of sample in terms of dependent variables, participants were equally divided into two groups an experimental group and a control group. Statistical results yielded that variable exercise applied in group competition style achieved remarkable progress and proved more effective in developing accuracy of layup shooting compared to traditional method used with control group, there are statistically significant differences between pre-test and post-test, in favor of post-test for experimental group. In light of these findings, researcher recommends that need to adopt a group competition approach supported by variable training as a basic strategy in basketball skills training and learning programs. Importance of diversifying learning and training methods and not being satisfied with traditional pattern, to ensure that learners’ motivation is stimulated and their skills and precise abilities are developed.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Circuit Weight Training and Aerobic Exercise on Reducing Body Fat Percentage and Body Mass Index in Women Moh Muhaemin Yusup; Naufal Juhan Daiva; Muhammad Fikri Hanif; M. Arief Setiawan; A. Ine Aprilia Damai; Aprillia Wulan Utari
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.20376

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a global health problem closely related to a sedentary lifestyle and energy imbalance. Controlling body composition, particularly body fat percentage and Body Mass Index (BMI), requires effective interventions based on physical activity. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Circuit Weight Training (CWT) and aerobic exercise on reducing body fat percentage and BMI. The method used was a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest-posttest approach. The research sample consisted of 30 women categorized as overweight to obese, divided into two groups: the CWT group and the aerobic exercise group. The intervention was carried out for 8 weeks with a frequency of three sessions per week. Instruments used included Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) to measure body fat percentage, along with height and weight measurements to determine BMI. Data analysis used paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. The results showed that both exercise methods had a significant effect on reducing body fat percentage and BMI (p < 0.05). However, the CWT group showed a greater reduction in body fat percentage (-5.35%) compared to the aerobic group (-3.13%), as well as a greater decrease in BMI (-2.25 compared to -1.45). The discussion indicates that the effectiveness of CWT was influenced by the combination of resistance and cardio training, which increases metabolism and the EPOC effect, resulting in more optimal fat burning.
Elastic Band Training Enhances Sprint Acceleration, Change of Direction, and Throwing Performance in Handball Players: A Mechanistic Systematic Review I.N. Putra Astawa; I Ketut Sudiana; Made Agus Wijaya
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.20651

Abstract

Handball performance requires short-distance acceleration, rapid change of direction, jumping ability, upper limb strength, and high-velocity throwing; however, the effectiveness of elastic band training for these sport-specific components still requires careful synthesis. This study aimed to examine the effects of elastic band training on sprint acceleration, change of direction, jump performance, upper-limb strength, and throwing-related performance in competitive handball players. A scooping review with structured narrative synthesis was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidance. Articles published between 2016 and 2025 were searched in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Of the 51 records identified, 12 studies involving approximately 359 handball players met the inclusion criteria. Most participants were youth, adolescent, or junior players. The interventions lasted 6-10 weeks and were implemented two to three sessions per week. The synthesis showed that elastic band training was generally associated with improvements in short-distance sprint acceleration, change of direction, selected jump outcomes, upper-limb strength, and throwing-related performance. Change of direction demonstrated the most consistent positive pattern, whereas jump outcomes were more variable across protocols. This review concludes that elastic band training can be considered a practical complementary modality for handball conditioning, particularly among young players. Nevertheless, the physiological and biomechanical mechanisms underlying these performance changes remain inferential and require direct confirmation through future experimental studiesKeywords: Elastic Band Training; Handball; Sprint Acceleration; Change of Direction; Youth Athletes.
The Role of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in Optimizing the Nutritional Needs of Beginner Karate Athletes in Central Lombok Regency Novandi Firdaus Yusup; M. Azy Ari; Yuliana; Hamzah
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.20796

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in optimizing the nutritional needs of beginner karate athletes in Central Lombok Regency. The research hypothesis states that there are significant differences in the indicators of athletes' nutritional needs before and after participating in the MBG program. The main problem behind this study is that the fulfillment of energy intake and body status of novice athletes is not optimal, even though the initial coaching phase requires adequate nutritional support to support training, recovery, growth, and performance readiness. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects consisted of 30 beginner karate athletes who participated in the MBG program. Measurements were made through anthropometry to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI), a 24-hour dietary recall method for two non-consecutive days, namely weekdays and weekends, to estimate energy and nutrient intake, as well as a food consumption frequency questionnaire to see the athlete's diet. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality test, paired sample t-test, and Wilcoxon nonparametric test. The results showed that the average BMI increased from 17,270 in the pre-test to 17,880 in the post-test. The average energy intake also increased from 1702.67 kcal to 2270.00 kcal after the program. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a significant difference in BMI and energy with a p value of < 0.001. The Wilcoxon test also strengthened the findings with a p value of < 0.001. Thus, the research hypothesis is accepted. The MBG program has proven to play a positive role in improving the indicators of nutritional needs of beginner karate athletes, especially in terms of body status and energy adequacy. This program can be a supporting strategy for beginner sports coaching that is oriented towards health, training readiness, and long-term performance development. Keywords: free nutritious meal program; nutritional needs; beginner karate athletes; energy intake; body mass index.
Physical Fitness Analysis of Junior High School Students Phase D Using Indonesian Student Fitness Test Instruments Hendri Jagat Saputra; Ali Muhaimin; Elya Wibawa Syarifoeddin
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.21138

Abstract

This study aims to describe the level of physical fitness of grade VIII students and compare the achievement of fitness components based on gender using the Indonesian Student Fitness Test (TKSI) Phase D. The use of TKSI Phase D is a practical contribution to this study because it provides a standardized fitness mapping, contextual, and can be directly used by PJOK teachers as a basis for student coaching. The research uses a descriptive-comparative quantitative approach with a survey method. The sample consisted of 37 students in grade VIII-1, including 17 male students and 20 female students, who were selected through purposive sampling techniques based on active participation, consistency of attendance, and willingness to participate in the entire series of tests. TKSI Phase D instruments include hand and eye coordination test, sit-up test, standing broad jump test, T-test, and beep test. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, percentages, descriptive statistics, and independent t-test samples. The results showed that the overall physical fitness level of students was in the medium category, with 10 students in the good category, 15 students in the medium category, 11 students in the low category, and 1 student in the low category. Based on gender, dominant male students are in the medium category, while dominant female students are in the less category. The results of the differential test showed that male students had significantly better performance in all components of TKSI, namely muscle endurance, leg explosiveness, agility, cardiorespiratory endurance, and eye-hand coordination. These findings confirm that TKSI Phase D can serve as an initial diagnostic basis for designing more adaptive fitness interventions in local schools on an ongoing basis. This study concludes that students' physical fitness still requires targeted coaching through data-driven PJOK learning, especially for students with low fitness categories.   Keywords: Physical Fitness; TKSI Phase D; Junior High School Students; Physical Education; Student Fitness
The Effectiveness of Drill Smash Practice Methods and Multishuttle Play Methods on Badminton Smash Accuracy in High School Extracurricular Students M. Jumadil Awal; Ali Muhaimin; Johan Wahyudi
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.21143

Abstract

The accuracy of the smash is an important indicator of badminton performance because it determines the effectiveness of attacks, the ability to pressure the opponent, and the chances of earning points. This study was compiled based on the premise that the improvement of smash accuracy depends not only on the ability to hit the shuttlecock strongly, but also on training methods that are able to form technique consistency, movement response, and the ability to direct the punch to the target area. The purpose of this study was to analyze the change in the accuracy of students' smash after being given the training treatment and to compare the final achievement between the drill smash training group and the multishuttle play method group. The study used a quantitative approach with a design of two pretest-posttest groups. The research subjects amounted to 21 extracurricular badminton students, consisting of 10 students in group 1 and 11 students in group 2. Data was collected through smash precision tests before and after treatment. The results of descriptive statistics show that the total pretest score of 300 increased to 336 in the posttest. The average score also increased from 14.2857 to 16.0000, with a decrease in standard deviation from 1.52128 to 1.30384. These results show a tendency to improve overall smash accuracy after the training treatment. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test showed that the pretest data in both groups were normally distributed, while the posttest data were not normally distributed. Posttest comparison showed that group 2 obtained an average higher than group 1, which was 16.2727 compared to 15.7000. However, the effect size showed Cohen's d of -0.439 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.301 to 0.434, so the differences between groups could not be statistically strong. Thus, the hypothesis that exercises improve smash accuracy is supported descriptively, but the superiority of either method needs to be further tested with a more complete inferential analysis.   Keywords: Precision Smash; Drill Smash; Multishuttle; Badminton; Pretest-Posttest.
The Influence of Internal and External Factors on Student Learning Motivation in Physical Education Learning for Class XI Senior High School Sahidallah; Ali Muhaimin; Johan Wahyudi
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i1.21145

Abstract

Learning motivation is one of the important psychological factors that determine student involvement in physical education learning. This motivation is not only influenced by the motivation that comes from within the students, but also by the support of the learning environment that shapes their experience during the learning process. This study aims to analyze the influence of internal factors and external factors on students' learning motivation in physical education learning, by emphasizing its empirical contribution to the learning context of physical education in secondary schools. The research uses a quantitative approach with a correlation-predictive design. The research sample amounted to 40 students in grade XI of SMA Negeri 1 Kuripan. The research instrument was in the form of questionnaires of internal factors, external factors, and learning motivation. Data were analyzed using prerequisite tests and multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that all data meet the assumptions of normality, linearity, and do not experience multicollinearity, so the regression model is feasible to explain the predictive relationship between variables. The results of multiple linear regression showed an R value of .813, R Square of .661, and Adjusted R Square of .643, which means that internal and external factors together explain 66.1% of the variation in student learning motivation. The simultaneous test yielded an F value of 36,076 with a significance of <,001. Partially, internal factors had a positive and significant effect on learning motivation with a coefficient of .413, beta .480, t = 3.698, and p < .001, while external factors also had a positive and significant effect with coefficients of .401, beta .408, t = 3.144, and p = .003. These findings suggest that internal factors are relatively stronger predictors than external factors. Thus, the research hypothesis is accepted. This study confirms that strengthening confidence, interests, learning needs, teacher support, facilities, and learning environment need to be integrated into physical education learning strategies to increase students' motivation to learn more effectively.
Modification of Handball Learning Using Plastic Balls at Pakusari State High School Enchacing Learning Outcomes Sintya Martha Rahayu Sunyoto; Rizki Apriliyanto; Ahmad Bahriyanto
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i2.20405

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of hand ball learning modifications using plastic balls in improving student learning outcomes in the subjects of Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK). The action hypothesis in this study is that the use of plastic balls as a learning modification medium can improve the learning outcomes of students' handball skills. The main premise of the study is because handball learning in schools often faces the constraints of limited means, low media variation and a lack of courage for students to perform basic game techniques. Plastic balls were chosen because they are lighter, safer, easy to obtain and suitable for learning needs of basic skills such as passing, dribbling, catching, and shooting. This study uses the design of Class Action Research (PTK) which is carried out through the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II stages. The subjects of the study were 36 students in grades XII-1 of SMA Negeri Pakusari. Data was collected through observation and handball skill tests, then analyzed descriptively based on average scores, number of students completed, and percentage of learning completion. The results of the study showed a gradual increase in learning outcomes. In the pre-cycle, the students who achieved completeness amounted to 19 students or 52.78% with an average class of 75.94. After the action in the first cycle, the completeness increased to 27 students or 75.00% with an average class of 80.28. In cycle II, the completeness reached 33 students or 91.67% with an average class of 88.78. Improvements also occur in all aspects of skills, namely passing, dribbling, catching, and shooting. Thus, the hypothesis of action is accepted. Modification of handball learning using plastic balls has proven to be effective as a safe, adaptive, and practical learning strategy to improve student learning outcomes in PJOK.  Keywords: handball; plastic balls; learning outcomes; learning modifications; Physical Education.
The Relationship Between Mobile Legends Online Game Habits And Student’s Physical Fitness Gunawan Gunawan; Kurnia Dyah Anggorowati
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i2.20443

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the habit of playing Mobile Legends online games and the physical fitness of STKIP Melawi students. The research hypothesis states that there is a significant relationship between Mobile Legends playing habits and students' physical fitness levels. This research is motivated by the increasing intensity of online game use among college students which is often associated with sedentary behavior, but at the same time competitive games such as Mobile Legends also demand concentration, eye-hand coordination, reaction speed, decision-making, and team strategy involvement. The study used a quantitative approach with an ex post facto correlational design. The research sample amounted to 30 active STKIP Melawi students from the PGSD, PENJAS, and Mathematics Study Programs for the 2022–2024 batch who were selected through purposive sampling techniques with the criteria of actively playing Mobile Legends for at least three months. Gambling habit data was collected using a 20-item Guttman Scale questionnaire that included the dimensions of playing intensity, play patterns, physical impact, and physical activity. Physical fitness data was obtained through six tests, namely eye-hand coordination, vertical jump, T-Test agility, reaction speed, muscle endurance, and Bip Test/VO₂Max. Data analysis was conducted using Spearman Rank correlation. The results showed that the majority of students were in the category of high playing habits of 56.7%, with an average score of 14.27 out of a maximum score of 20. The average physical fitness score is 15.90 out of a maximum score of 30. The results of the correlation test showed a very strong and significant positive relationship between Mobile Legends playing habits and students' physical fitness (r = 0.969; p < 0.001). Thus, the research hypothesis is accepted. These findings suggest that students with higher play habits tend to have better physical fitness in this sample, although the results need to be interpreted as a correlational relationship, not causality.   Keywords: Mobile Legends; Physical Fitness; Students.
Ananda Putri Handayani The Effect of Smash Drill Training Using Visual Cues on Quick Smash Tipple Skills in Athletes Aged 15-19 Years Ananda Putri Handayani; Agung Wahyudi
Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/gjpok.v13i2.20467

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of drill smash exercises using visual cues on the improvement of quick smash skills in volleyball athletes aged 15–19 years. The main premise of the study is that the skill of quick smash is determined not only by the repetition of the technique, but also by the athlete's ability to respond to visual stimuli, regulate jump timing, coordinate eye-hand movements, and direct punches accurately. The research uses a quantitative approach with a one group pretest-posttest design. The research sample consisted of six athletes from the Tunas Tugumuda Semarang Volleyball Club who were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Treatment was given in the form of a quick smash drill exercise based on visual cues for 14 meetings. The research instrument used a quick seesaw's smash accuracy test with 10 experiments based on the target zone. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk normality test, paired sample t-test, and effect size. The results of the descriptive analysis showed an increase in the average score from the pretest by 24.50 to 37.83 in the posttest. The normality test showed that the data was distributed normally, so the hypothesis test was carried out using a paired sample t-test. The results of the t-test showed a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest with a p< value of 0.001. In addition, the effect size results showed a huge influence, which indicated that exercise had a strong practical impact on the improvement of athletes' skills. Thus, the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that drill smash exercises using visual cues have a significant effect on improving quick smash skills to jump. These findings suggest that the integration of drill drills and visual cues can be an effective, applicative, and relevant training strategy for the development of attack skills of young volleyball athletes.  Keywords: drill exercises; visual cues; Smash Quick Seesaw; ball; motor skills.

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