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INDONESIA
Indonesian Health Journal
Published by Riviera Publishing
ISSN : 29633036     EISSN : 29633044     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58344
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary
Health : Public Health, Midwifery, Nursing, Pharmacy, Environmental Health, Labor Health, Maternal and Child Health, Health Promotion and Health Service Management. Medicine : Biomedical, Epidermiology, Pharmacology, Herbal, Surgery, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, Neurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, Forsenics, Allergy and Immunology, Clinical Medicine, Public Medicine, Medical Science Education, Medical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Kesehatan (Ilmu Sosial)
Articles 153 Documents
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Delayed Diagnosed of Relapse Malaria Vivax in Pregnancy: Good Outcome After Prompt Therapy Stella Pangestika; Roy Boris; Revena Astanti Percunda; Ni Luh Putu Yunia Dewi; Asep Purnama
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.887

Abstract

Malaria remains a major global health problem, particularly in endemic regions such as Indonesia, where pregnant women are highly vulnerable to infection and complications. Relapse Plasmodium vivax infection is increasingly recognized as a clinical challenge due to its dormant liver stage and potential for recurrent disease during pregnancy. This study aims to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and management outcome of relapse vivax malaria in a third-trimester pregnant patient. A case report design was used based on clinical history, physical examination, laboratory findings, peripheral blood smear, and rapid diagnostic testing. The patient presented with fever, thrombocytopenia, and icteric sclera, and was confirmed positive for Plasmodium vivax with significant parasitemia and received dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine therapy with marked clinical improvement and platelet recovery. Findings emphasize the difficulty of differentiating malaria relapse from other hematologic conditions in pregnancy and the importance of early diagnosis in endemic areas. Early recognition and prompt treatment are essential to improving maternal and fetal outcomes in relapse vivax malaria during pregnancy. Future studies should focus on prevention of relapse, optimization of diagnostic algorithms, and evaluation of safe antimalarial strategies in pregnant populations in endemic regions. This will support better clinical decision-making and maternal health outcomes in practice
Characteristics of Tumor Marker on Mediastinal Tumors Novpiodita Pratiwi; Setia Putra Tarigan; Novi Novisari Soeroso; Putri Chairani Eyanoer
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.888

Abstract

Mediastinal tumors are rare thoracic malignancies that pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their anatomical proximity to vital organs and diverse histopathological features. Early detection and accurate characterization are essential for effective management. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of tumor markers and their diagnostic relevance in patients with mediastinal tumors treated at Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. A descriptive observational study using a case series design was conducted on 43 patients diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed mediastinal tumors from 2020 to 2024. Data on demographics, tumor histopathology, tumor location, and tumor marker levels (LDH, AFP, B-HCG, and CEA) were collected from medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0, with categorical variables expressed as frequencies and percentages, and numerical variables as mean ± standard deviation. The results indicated that the majority of patients were male (76.7%), with a mean age of 40.7 ± 15.5 years. Lymphoma (39.5%) and thymoma (37.2%) were the most common tumor types, predominantly located in the anterior mediastinum (76.7%). LDH was elevated in 76.7% of cases, particularly in germ cell tumors and lymphomas, while AFP and B-HCG elevations were mainly observed in germ cell tumors. CEA had limited diagnostic utility. The study concludes that integrating clinical, histopathological, and tumor marker data enhances diagnostic accuracy, and that LDH, AFP, and B-HCG serve as valuable supportive biomarkers for mediastinal tumor evaluation.
The Effects of Hypoxia in Patients with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Eisenmenger Syndrome: A Case Report Dyah Rachmasari; Elok Nurlisa Artiko; Abd. Rahim
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.889

Abstract

Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart disease characterized by an opening in the interatrial septum, allowing abnormal blood flow between the atria. In untreated cases, long-standing left-to-right shunting may progress to pulmonary arterial hypertension and eventually Eisenmenger syndrome, a severe condition associated with chronic hypoxemia, cyanosis, secondary erythrocytosis, and multiorgan complications. Case Presentation: A 46-year-old female patient was referred to Kudungga Regional Hospital with intermittent shortness of breath that worsened over four days, bluish discoloration of the fingers and toes, chest pain, palpitations, tremors, edema, and productive cough. Physical examination revealed cyanosis, clubbing fingers, periorbital edema, oxygen saturation of 74%, cardiomegaly, systolic murmur, and pulmonary rales. Supporting examinations showed biatrial enlargement and right ventricular dilation on electrocardiography, cardiomegaly and pulmonary hypertension on chest X-ray, elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, thrombocytopenia, and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension on echocardiography. Echocardiography also revealed a secundum ASD with bidirectional shunt, right atrial and ventricular dilatation, right ventricular hypertrophy, severe tricuspid regurgitation, and preserved ejection fraction. The patient was diagnosed with secundum ASD bidirectional shunt, severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, Eisenmenger syndrome, bronchopneumonia, and hypoxia-induced tremor. Management included oxygen therapy, fluid restriction, diuretics, antibiotics, mucolytics, sildenafil, digoxin, antiplatelet therapy, and symptomatic treatment. After eight days of hospitalization, the patient showed clinical improvement and was discharged for outpatient follow-up. Conclusion: This case highlights the significant impact of hypoxia in ASD patients with Eisenmenger syndrome, particularly in causing cyanosis, secondary erythrocytosis, hyperviscosity symptoms, and neurological manifestations such as tremor.
The Use of Natural Ingredients as Topical Therapy for the Treatment of Second-Degree Burns: A Review Article Ni Nyoman Ita Trisnadewi; Desak Ketut Ernawati; Agung Nova Mahendra
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.890

Abstract

Second-degree burns are skin tissue damage involving the epidermis and part of the dermis, requiring appropriate treatment to prevent infection and accelerate tissue regeneration. Conventional therapy remains the primary choice, but long-term use can cause certain side effects. This situation has encouraged the increasing use of natural ingredients as alternative therapies because they are considered safer, easier to obtain, and contain bioactive compounds that support the wound healing process. This review article aims to assess the potential of various natural ingredients as topical therapies for healing second-degree burns. The method used is a literature review of research articles published between 2021 and 2026 through Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ. The results of this study indicate that various plants such as kepok banana, moringa, breadfruit, red dragon fruit, and other herbal plants are effective in the burn healing process through various dosage forms such as creams, gels, ointments, spray gels, and nanogels. The dominant phytochemical compounds found include flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which act as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant agents. Overall, natural ingredients have the potential to be developed as an alternative treatment for second-degree burns that is effective and easily accessible to the public.
The Relationship Between Maternal Age and Parity and the Incidence of Hypertension in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy at the Maja Community Health Center in 2026 Eva Fauziah; Nurul Hidayah; Een Haenilah
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.891

Abstract

Hypertension in pregnancy remains a major global public health problem, contributing significantly to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This condition is influenced by multiple risk factors, including maternal age and parity, which play an important role in determining pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between maternal age and parity and the incidence of hypertension in third-trimester pregnancy at the Maja Community Health Center in 2026. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of third-trimester pregnant women recorded at the Maja Community Health Center, with a total sampling technique. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test and prevalence ratio (RP). The results showed that 10.7% of respondents experienced hypertension in pregnancy. There was a significant relationship between maternal age and hypertension (p = 0.030; RP = 3.146), indicating that women in high-risk age groups had a higher probability of developing hypertension. A significant relationship was also found between parity and hypertension (p = 0.038; RP = 2.759). In conclusion, both maternal age and parity are significant risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and targeted maternal health interventions to reduce complications during pregnancy.
Severe Generalized Tetanus in a Child with a History of a Nail Puncture Wound and Chronic Dental Infection: A Case Report ST. Miftahayatun
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.892

Abstract

Tetanus is an acute infectious disease caused by the toxin of Clostridium tetani, which affects the nervous system and results in progressive muscle rigidity and spasms. Although immunisation is available and effective, tetanus cases continue to occur in developing countries, often associated with inadequately treated open wounds and incomplete immunisation. This case report describes a rare presentation of severe generalised tetanus in a 13-year-old boy with suspected multiple portals of entry. The patient presented with progressive stiffness and pain in the abdomen, back, neck, and jaw. He had a history of a nail puncture wound one month prior to admission, without having received post-exposure tetanus immunisation. Oral examination revealed chronic apical periodontitis of tooth 16 and a habit of self-inflicted needle trauma to the teeth. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit under isolation and received antitetanus serum, combination antibiotic therapy, and prolonged sedation. This case highlights the importance of clinical vigilance for tetanus, the critical role of immunisation, and the need for adequate wound management and treatment of chronic infections to prevent severe complications. The possibility of more than one portal of entry — including chronic oral cavity infections — should be considered in the clinical evaluation of tetanus patients, particularly in paediatric populations with incomplete immunisation status.
Development of an E-Book on Traditional Cosmetics and Beverages for SPA Treatments Ika Pranita Siregar; Christine Ulina Tarigan; Nolis Marliati; Tri Wulaningrum
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.893

Abstract

This study is motivated by the increasing global demand for digital learning media in vocational education, particularly in fields requiring strong practical and visual understanding, such as beauty and spa therapy. Traditional instructional materials are often insufficient to support competency-based learning in courses involving cosmetic formulation and traditional spa treatments. Therefore, this research aims to develop and evaluate an interactive e-book on traditional cosmetics and beverages for spa treatment using the ADDIE model. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach following the ADDIE stages — Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The study involved subject matter experts, media experts, linguists, and 30 vocational students as respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation, and analysed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that the developed e-book achieved very high validity and feasibility scores, with expert validation ratings exceeding 95% and an average user response score above 92%. The e-book was considered highly effective in terms of content quality, language clarity, visual design, usability, and accessibility. In conclusion, the interactive e-book on traditional cosmetics and spa treatment is feasible and effective as a learning medium in vocational education. It enhances student engagement, supports independent learning, and bridges theoretical knowledge with practical skills, while integrating local wisdom into digital learning resources.
Comparative Effectiveness of Dexmedetomidine Versus Esketamine For Pediatric Procedural Sedation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Dewa Putu Agusta Cahya Udayana; I Gusti Ngurah Nyoman Giovani Mahendra Sunantara; Anak Agung Ananda Yudhistira
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.894

Abstract

Procedural sedation in children is frequently required but still faces challenges regarding safety and efficacy. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) and esketamine (ESK) are two promising sedative agents for the pediatric population. This systematic review aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of DEX versus ESK for procedural sedation in children. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to May 2026. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in children aged 0–18 years comparing DEX with ESK. Primary outcomes included sedation success rate, onset time, and recovery time. Secondary outcomes included pain score (FLACC), adverse events, and satisfaction. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics with a random-effects model. Six studies with a total of 654 patients were included. Onset time of DEX was significantly longer than that of ESK (MD = +4.82 minutes; 95% CI: 1.93–7.71; I² = 72%). Sedation success rate showed no significant difference between the two groups (RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.94–1.24; I² = 58%). DEX was associated with a higher incidence of bradycardia (RR = 2.34), while ESK was associated with a higher incidence of hypertension/tachycardia (RR = 3.12) and agitation/delirium (RR = 1.89). DEX and ESK have comparable sedation effectiveness in children. ESK provides faster onset, while DEX offers a more stable cardiovascular safety profile with lower risk of psychomimetic effects. Agent selection should be based on the specific clinical needs of the patient and procedure.
Formulation and Antioxidant Activity Test of Hand Cream Extzract of Kumis Kucing Leaf (Orthosiphon Stamineus) Using DPPH (2,2- Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) Methods Indah Zahara; Vani Aprilia Lestari; Adelia Putri; Sherly Novitasari; Nabila Octavianti
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.897

Abstract

Extract of kumis kucing leaves (Orthosiphon stamineus) contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolics. This study conducted an antioxidant activity test on the extract and its formulations. The aim of this research is to determine the antioxidant activity of the kumis kucing leaf extract and formulations, and to formulate it into a hand cream preparation at concentrations of 5 g, 10 g, and 15 g. The antioxidant activity of the extract and formulations was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of this study show that the IC50 value of the kumis kucing leaf extract (Orthosiphon stamineus) is 74 ppm. For the formulations, the IC?? values are as follows: Formulation 0 has an IC50 value of 257 ppm, Formulation 1 has an IC50 value of 108 ppm, Formulation 2 has an IC50 value of 91 ppm, and Formulation 3 has an IC50 value of 84 ppm. The hand cream preparations present as white, green, dark green, and dark greenish-black in colour respectively, with a characteristic scent of kumis kucing leaves, in cream form, with a pH range of 5–7, a spreadability range of 5–7 cm, an adhesion range of 4–8 seconds, and a viscosity range of 4,000–36,000 cps. The results confirm antioxidant activity in both the kumis kucing leaf extract and the formulations. The best formulation was Formulation 3, with an IC50 value of 84 ppm, while Formulations 1, 2, and 3 all meet the requirements for a good cosmetic preparation.
The Platelet-To-Albumin Ratio and the Mean Platelet Volume-To-Albumin Ratio as Predictors of Disease Severity and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis Patients Okky Hudaya; Lucky Andriyanto; Arie Utariani
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.898

Abstract

Pediatric sepsis remains a critical emergency condition with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Early identification of patients at risk of severe outcomes is essential to guide timely interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of Platelet-to-Albumin Ratio (PAR) and Mean Platelet Volume-to-Albumin Ratio (MAR) in predicting disease severity and 7-day mortality among pediatric sepsis patients in the emergency room. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 101 pediatric patients admitted to Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2020 to January 2025. PAR and MAR were measured on days 1, 3, and 5, and severity was assessed using PELOD-2 scores. Statistical analyses included ROC curves, Spearman correlations, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results demonstrated that MAR consistently showed superior predictive performance compared to PAR, with AUC values improving from 0.711 on day 1 to 0.905 on day 5, and significant correlations with PELOD-2 scores (p<0.001). PAR showed limited and inconsistent predictive ability. The findings indicate that MAR is a reliable and practical biomarker for early risk stratification and monitoring of pediatric sepsis severity. Future research should validate MAR in multicenter prospective studies and explore its integration with clinical scoring systems for enhanced prognostic accuracy.

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