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Antihypertensive and Antioxidant Potential of Purple Sweet Potato Tuber Dry Extract in Hypertensive Rats Jawi, I Made; Sutirta-Yasa, I. W. P.; Mahendra, Agung Nova
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: Purple sweet potato tuber extract in liquid form, shown to lower blood pressure of hypertensive rats and hypertensive patients. Liquid dosage form, increasingly unstable when stored for long periods, thus it is necessary to find a more stable dosage form. The objective of this research was to prove that dry extract of purple sweet potato tuber has the same effects with liquid extract in hypertensive rats. Method: The is a randomized pre-test and post-test control group design study. Thirty hypertensive model rats were divided into 5 groups (6 animals for each group). Group 1 was treated as a control group. Group 2 to group 5 were treated as treatment groups. Treatment groups were given liquid extract at a dose of 3 ml, dry extract with the dose of 200 mg, dry extract that stored in a certain time with a dose of 200 mg and given a mixture of dry extract with a carrier substance (capsule formula) with a dose of 200 mg, respectively, for 4 weeks. Variables observed were blood pressure, SOD and MDA level of the blood. Results: The results showed that the group given the purple sweet potato tuber extract lowers blood pressure were significantly in liquid extract or dry extract (p <0.01). The group that was treated with capsule formula showed more decrease in blood pressure than dry extract group (p <0.01). The similar results happened on MDA and SOD level in blood. Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that dried extract of purple sweet potato tubers has the same effectiveness with liquid extract, both as an antihypertensive and also antioxidant. Capsules formula is more effective than liquid extract and dry extract.
THE ADDITION OF CAFFEINE IN EARLE’S BALANCED SALT SOLUTION MEDIA WITH WASHING UP METHOD INCREASE MEMBRANE INTEGRITY AND ACROSOMAL SPERM Satriyasa, Bagus Komang; Mahendra, Agung Nova
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 3 No 3 (2014)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: caffeine, a methylxanthine derivate, appears to inhibit phosphodiesterase, thereby inhibiting the break down of cAMP and increasing its concentration inside cell. This study aims to assess the effect of caffeine addition in Earles’s Balanced Salt Solution (EBSS) on the increase in membrane integrity and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa using swim up method Methods: This study was carried out at the Clinic of Sexology and Andrology, Sanglah Public Hospital at Denpasar Bali-Indonesia. This study was an experimental study using the design of pre and post test paired control group design. The samples were sperm specimens of eighteen infertile couple male or volunteers who were infertile with age ranged between 20-40 years old. The samples were divided into two groups: treatment group (caffeine + EBSS) and control group (EBSS). The data were analysed statistically by normality test (Kolmogorov - Smirnov Goodness of Fit Test), Homogeneity test, and Paired Student’s t test. Results: The results showed that the caffeine addition in EBSS medium could increase significantly (p<0.05). The integrity of the sperm membrane obtained were from 81.30 % to 86.60 % and acrosomal reaction from 82.60% to 89.60% evaluated by hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOS). The conclusion of this study is that addition of caffeine in EBSS medium increases significantly membrane integrity and acrosomal reaction of the human sperm.
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC REVIEW OF COMPLETE HYDATIDIFORM MOLE Mahendra, Agung Nova
Medicina Vol 43 No 1 (2012): Januari 2012
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Complete Hydatidiform Mole (CHM) is a pathologic pregnancy characterized by placental development regulatory genes defect. CHM is of significant importance to be characterized because of its relatively high potential to become malignant. Misdiagnosis is relatively common when histological method or cell ploidy determination is used as diagnostic tool. Knowledge of CHM genesis and genetic constitution serves as a basis to establish accurate diagnosis, and this can be achieved through the use of molecular cytogenetical approaches. This article is aimed on giving deeper understanding of CHM genesis from the perspective of molecular cytogenetics. By using molecular cytogenetical characterization, researchers found 2 CHM variants, namely BiCHM (Biparentally-inherited CHM) and AnCHM (Androgenetic CHM) with complex genetic heterogeneity. These findings also contribute to the improvement of molecular diagnostics, chemotherapeutics, genetic counselling, and gene therapy. (MEDICINA 2012;43:41-45).
PERBANDINGAN SELISIH KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PUASA DAN DUA JAM POST-PRANDIAL TERHADAP PEMBERIAN NASI BERAS PUTIH, NASI BERAS MERAH, DAN NASI BERAS HITAM PADA MENCIT JANTAN (Mus musculus L.) GALUR Swiss webster Ni Made Dwi Putri Nadi; I Wayan Surudarma; Desak Made Wihandani; I Wayan Gede Sutadarma; Agung Nova Mahendra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 10 No 2 (2021): Vol 10 No 02(2021): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2021.V10.i2.P08

Abstract

Peningkatan penderita hiperglikemia memerlukan perhatian khusus dalam pendekatan diet agar kadar glukosa tubuh tidak meningkat drastis. Nasi beras merah dan nasi beras hitam memiliki serat serta antosianin yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan nasi beras putih sehingga sangat disarankan karena memberikan keuntungan fisiologis bagi tubuh. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah randomize pre-post test with control group design dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 28 mencit jantan dengan usia 2-3 bulan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah glukometer. Tujuan penelitian yakni untuk mengetahui perbandingan selisih kadar glukosa darah puasa dan dua jam post-prandial terhadap pemberian nasi beras putih, nasi beras merah, dan nasi beras hitam pada mencit jantan (Mus musculus L.) galur Swiss webster. Data dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS versi 25 dengan uji Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai signifikasi pada selisih kelompok glukosa darah dua jam post-prandial dengan glukosa darah puasa adalah 0,000 (p<0,005). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara perbandingan selisih kadar glukosa darah puasa dan dua jam post-prandial terhadap pemberian nasi beras putih, nasi beras merah, dan nasi beras hitam pada mencit jantan (Mus musculus L.) galur Swiss webster. Kata Kunci: Nasi Beras Putih, Nasi Beras Merah, Nasi Beras Hitam
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ATCC 25923 SECARA IN VITRO Putu Diah Saraswati Rahayu; I Gusti Ayu Artini; Agung Nova Mahendra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 8 No 10 (2019): Vol 8 No 10 (2019): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penyakit infeksi merupakan masalah kesehatan terbesar di seluruh dunia yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme patogen, salah satunya adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Seiring maraknya penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak rasional, S. aureus menjadi salah satu bakteri yang paling resisten terhadap antibiotik, dan angka kejadiannya terus meningkat dengan munculnya strain yang resisten. Biji pepaya merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang mengandung senyawa kimia seperti alkaloid dan terpenoid yang memiliki potensi antibakteri yang mungkin dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak biji pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dalam memengaruhi pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus ATCC 25923 dengan menggunakan metode true experimental post test only group design. Sampel terdiri dari enam kelompok perlakuan, yaitu empat kelompok ekstrak biji pepaya (konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%), kontrol positif berupa antibiotik vankomisin 30 ?g, dan kontrol negatif etanol 96%. Zona hambat terbesar diperoleh pada konsentrasi ekstrak 100% dengan rerata 17 mm tergolong berdaya hambat sedang sesuai kategori Greenwood. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji non parametrik Kruskal Wallis didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 dan analisis Post Hoc menggunakan uji Mann Whitney didapatkan nilai signifikansi seluruhnya kurang dari 0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak biji pepaya dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan perbedaan daya hambat yang bermakna dalam konsentrasi 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Kata kunci : ekstrak biji pepaya, Staphylococcus aureus, aktivitas antibakteri ABSTRACT Infectious disease is still being the major health problem worldwide. It is caused by microorganism (pathogenes), which is Staphylococcus aureus as one of them. As the use of antibiotics becoming irrational, it causes S. aureus to become the most resistance bacteria to antibiotics and the insidence is increasing as the MRSA is known. The papaya seed as one of nature’s product contains phytochemicals, such as alkaloid and terpenoid which has a potency as natural antibacteria that might supress the growth of S. aureus. This study aims to understand the potency of papaya (Carica papaya L.) seed extract toward the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923 using true experimental post test only control group design. The sample was divided into six group which contained four concentrations of papaya seed extract (25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%), positive control was vancomycin 30 ?g, and the negative control was etanol 96%. The result of the inhibitory zone was counted using caliper. The largest inhibitory zone was found at 100% concentration by 17 mm average, classified as moderate inhibition based on Greenwood category. Those results were statistically analyzed using non parametric test Kruskal Wallis (p=0,000) with Post Hoc test by Mann Whitney. The significancy value (p) were all below 0,05. It can be concluded that papaya seed extract could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and each concentration (50%, 75%, 100%) had a significant difference. Keywords: papaya seed extract, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial activity
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 PENYEBAB INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL Putu Ayu Melati Widyasari; IGM Aman; Agung Nova Mahendra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 9 No 12 (2020): Vol 9 No 12(2020): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2020.V09.i12.P18

Abstract

Abstrak Infeksi nosokomial merupakan infeksi yang terjadi dikarenakan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis yang menyerang persendian dan pembuluh darah serta timbulnya pembengkakan atau abses, infeksi terlokalisasi pada kulit, saluran kemih, dan organ ginjal. Terdapat penelitian mengenai bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis resisten terhadap antibiotika yaitu karbanesilin, sefuroksim, metronidazol dan sulfametoksazol/trimetasprim. Ekstrak biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) memiliki senyawa dengan efek antibakteri dan antioksidan yaitu kafein, asam klorogenat dan flavanoid. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk membuktikan biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) yang telah diekstrak dengan etanol dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri.Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental in vitro dengan desain penelitian true experimental post test only control group design. Sampel dikelompok menjadi 5, yakni kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif serta kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 10%, 50%, dan 100%. Dari penelitian diketahui bahwa ekstrak etanol dari biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 pada konsentrasi 50% dan 100% dengan rerata diameter zona hambat 6,8 mm sampai 9 mm. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dari biji kopi robusta menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri ini namun daya hambatnya lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif. Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, infeksi nosokomial, Staphylococcus epidermidis
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 PENYEBAB INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL Putu Ayu Melati Widyasari; IGM Aman; Agung Nova Mahendra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 10 No 6 (2021): Vol 10 No 06(2021): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2021.V10.i6.P14

Abstract

Infeksi nosokomial merupakan infeksi yang terjadi dikarenakan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis yang menyerang persendian dan pembuluh darah serta timbulnya pembengkakan atau abses, infeksi terlokalisasi pada kulit, saluran kemih, dan organ ginjal. Terdapat penelitian mengenai bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis resisten terhadap antibiotika yaitu karbanesilin, sefuroksim, metronidazol dan sulfametoksazol/trimetasprim. Ekstrak biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) memiliki senyawa dengan efek antibakteri dan antioksidan yaitu kafein, asam klorogenat dan flavanoid. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk membuktikan biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) yang telah diekstrak dengan etanol dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri.Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental in vitro dengan desain penelitian true experimental post test only control group design. Sampel dikelompok menjadi 5, yakni kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif serta kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 10%, 50%, dan 100%. Dari penelitian diketahui bahwa ekstrak etanol dari biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 pada konsentrasi 50% dan 100% dengan rerata diameter zona hambat 6,8 mm sampai 9 mm. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dari biji kopi robusta menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri ini namun daya hambatnya lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif. Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, infeksi nosokomial, Staphylococcus epidermidis
POLA PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PASIEN DEWASA DENGAN DEMAM TIFOID DI RSUP SANGLAH DENPASAR TAHUN 2016-2017 Putu Resika Melarosa; Desak Ketut Ernawati; Agung Nova Mahendra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 8 No 1 (2019): Vol 8 No 1 (2019): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Demam tifoid atau yang dikenal dengan demam enterik merupakan penyakit infeksi sistemik yang berpotensi fatal yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella enterica typhi (S.typhy). Pada daerah endemik, sekitar 90% dari demam enterik adalah demam tifoid. Indonesia memilki insiden yang cukup tinggi dengan jumlah kasus yang terus meningkat. Diperkirakan mortalitas dari kasus demam tifoid di Indonesia antara 0,6% sampai 2%. Antibiotika merupakan terapi utama untuk penanganan pasien demam tifoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan antibiotika pada dewasa dengan demam tifoid di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016-2017. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan metode cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif. Sampel diambil dari rekam medis pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016-2017. Teknik pemilihan subjek menggunakan total sampling. Subjek merupakan pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Total sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 55 pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid. Golongan antibiotika yang digunakan di RSUP Sanglah adalah ampisilin, sefalosporin generasi ketiga, fluorokuinolon, dan azitromisin. Jenis antibiotika yang digunakan seperti ampisilin, seftriakson, sefiksim, levofloxacin, dan azitromisin. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa antibiotika yang digunakan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar adalah jenis levofloxacin (45,5%) dari golongan fluorokuinolon dengan rute pemberian di rumah sakit secara intravena dan diberikan selama 3-7 hari. Kata kunci : Demam tifoid, Antibiotika, RSUP
Profil Fitokomponen dan Aktivitas Ekstrak Metanol Daun Intaran Bali (Azadiractha indica Juss.) terhadap Candida albicans ATCC-10231 Meylana Ayu Melinda; Agung Nova Mahendra
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 6, No 1: Februari 2021
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v6i1.9562

Abstract

Background: Candidiasis, usually caused by Candida albicans is commonly found in clinical settings. Resistance of C. albicans against antifungals is an emerging issue. This study was aimed to determine the selected quantitative phytocomponent profile and evaluate the effectiveness of intaran (Azadiractha indica A. Juss) leaf extract from Bali in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans .Methods: This experimental research was conducted at the Center for Marine Aquaculture Research and Development (Buleleng, Bali), Laboratory Service Unit, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali. Our study included the preparation of the methanol extract of intaran leaves using maceration method, phytochemical analysis, and testing the antifungal activity of the extract using the diffusion disk assay against C. albicans ATCC-10231.Results: Phytochemical components in the methanol extract of intaran Bali leaves were chlorophyll (18434.47 mg/L), total antioxidants (4818.07 mg/L GAEAC), phenol (4391.16 mg/100gr GAE) and flavonoids (785.32 mg/100gr QE). The extract exhibited dose-dependent effect, with greatest inhibition against C. albicans ATCC-10231 growth was obtained at the concentration of 50%.Conclusion: Methanol extract of Balinese intaran leaves contained significant amount of chlorophyll, total antioxidants, phenol, and flavonoids. The extract showed antifungal activity against C. albicans ATCC-10231. This anticandidal effect is assumed to be related to the phytocomponents of the extract.
Potensi Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oliefera) dan Artemisia (Artemisia annua) Sebagai Antimalaria Plasmodium falciparum Elvina Veronica; Irene Amelia; Kezia Angelina Yunatan; Ni Kadek Sinta Dwi Chrismayanti; Agung Nova Mahendra
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Akademi Keperawatan Sandi Karsa (Merger) Politeknik Sandi Karsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.415

Abstract

Malaria management like chloroquine and Artemisinin Combination Therapy can have side effects and already resistant so other alternative treatments are needed. This study method uses a literature review from a number of valid and relevant literature. Artemisinin in Artemisia annua plant inhibits PfATPase6, thus making plasmodium Ca homeostasis undisturbed and inhibiting plasmodium growth. Cysteine protease enzymes, ALLN inhibitors, Plasmepsin-2, and Plasmepsin-1 destroy plasmodium in trophozoite and schizont phases by degrading plasmodium protein. Flavonoids in Moringa oliefera leaves increase hemoglobin production and optimize the performance of artemisinin. Kaempferol and other antioxidants in moringa leaves inhibit plasmodium growth through new permeation pathways by inhibiting membrane ordering during the intraerythrocytic phase and inhibiting the degradation process of hemoglobin so that plasmodium can’t develop well. The amount of Moringa leaves can fulfill daily nutritional needs and overcome malnutrition. The combination of artemisia and moringa leaves can be used as an alternative to malaria medicine that is caused by plasmodium falciparum infection because the combination of the two substances is proven to be more effective in inhibiting Plasmodium berghei in experimental animals, enhancing the immune system, and meeting nutritional needs compared to the use of artemisinin and moringa leaves alone. Need further investigation about this thing.
Co-Authors Agatha Putra, Gusti Ngurah Agung Ari Chandra Wibawa Agung Wiwiek Indrayani Agung Wiwiek Indrayanti Anak Agung Bintang Astridwiyanti Anak Agung Dewi Megawati, Anak Agung Dewi Aris Mudariani, Ni Wayan Ary Puspitasari, Made Aryasa, Mahesa Ajisaka Ayuti Bulaan Bagus Komang Satriyasa Bagus Putra Manuaba, Ida Desak Gede Vicsilia Mahambara Gita Desak Ketut Ernawati Desak Made Wihandani Dewi, Ni Wayan Sucindra Dharmajaputra, Gede Bagus Diana Putri Dinda Anggita Meiwita Sari Dwi Vedanta, I Gusti Ngurah Ananta Elvina Veronica Gede Agung Dhimasena Widyananda Gede Sri Darma Gede Wirata Gita Almira Putri Gusti Ngurah Bagus Wira Gunawan I Gede Krisna Putra Yasa I Gede Widhiantara I Gusti Ayu Artini I Gusti Made Aman I Made Jawi I P G. Adiatmika I Wayan Gede Sutadarma I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Sumardika I Wayan Surudarma I Wayan Weta Indrayan, Agung Wiwiek Irene Amelia Ita M. Nainggolan Ita M. Nainggolan Kezia Angelina Yunatan Meylana Ayu Melinda Nanis S. Marzuki Nanis S. Marzuki, Nanis S. Ni Kadek Sinta Dwi Chrismayanti Ni Made Dwi Putri Nadi Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi Nila Wahyuni Nyoman Mantik Astawa, I Pangala, Gustinara Bakti Pratiwi, Kadek Prastiti Surya Putrawan, Ida Bagus Indra Shadnyana Putri, Kadek Wina Santhya Putu Angga Wiradana Putu Ayu Melati Widyasari Putu Diah Saraswati Rahayu Putu Resika Melarosa Sadvika, I Gusti Ayu Stiti Saraswati, Ni Made Ayu Sokawati Kesuma, Nyoman Diah Asvini Sumardika, Wayan Suryaningsih, Ni Putu Elsinthia syahida, iin kurnia Tresnayanthi, Kadek Ayu Sri Vittala, Govinda W. Riski Widya Mulyani Winanti, Kadek Dinda Ayu Sri Wulansari, Ni Wayan Ari