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INDONESIA
EDUCTUM: Journal Research
Published by Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29634385     DOI : 10.56495
Core Subject : Education, Social,
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other
EDUCTUM: Journal Research yang diterbitkan oleh Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar yang berlokasi di Kota Medan Sumatera Utara, adalah jurnal akses terbuka yang dapat digunakan sebagai media tempat para mahasiswa-mahasiswa dalam menerbitkan artikel skripsi maupun thesisnya dalam bidang ilmu Pendidikan yang merupakan hasil penelitian, juga bagi para dosen yang ingin mempublikasikan artikel hasil penelitian mandiri maupun hibah sebagai tuntutan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 152 Documents
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The Role of Standardized Tests and Non-Standardized Tests in Learning Assessment and Evaluation Sari, Desi Puspita; Arbeni, Wawan; Putri, Devi Yolanda; Wardayanti, Elsa; Syahroni, Dimas
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v5i1.1436

Abstract

Learning evaluation is an integral part of the educational process, serving to systematically and continuously assess student competency achievement. One of the main instruments in learning evaluation is testing, both standardized and non-standardized tests, each of which has different characteristics, functions, and objectives. This study aims to examine the role of standardized and non-standardized tests in the assessment and evaluation of learning and their relevance in educational practice. The research method used is a literature study by analyzing various literature sources such as books, scientific journals, and policy documents related to learning evaluation. The results of the study indicate that standardized tests have a high level of validity and reliability, making them suitable for measuring learning outcomes broadly and objectively, while non-standardized tests are more flexible and contextual because they are tailored to classroom learning needs. Both types of tests complement each other in providing a complete picture of student learning outcomes and processes. Therefore, educators need to understand and utilize standardized and non-standardized tests proportionally so that learning assessment and evaluation can be carried out effectively, fairly, and meaningfully.
From Tawhid to Exemplary Practice: Islamic Values in the Parenting Practices of Muslim Families Widia, Arneta; Safitri, Inayatu; Siregar, Zuhrona; Sitorus, Masganti
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v4i6.1438

Abstract

This study aims to describe and analyze Islamic values ??embodied in parenting practices and their application in the lives of modern Muslim families. Using a qualitative descriptive approach through library research, this study examined various academic sources such as journals, books, and scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025. The results show that Islamic parenting is based on the values ??of monotheism, compassion (rahmah), responsibility (amanah), discipline, honesty, and role models (uswah hasanah). These values ??are the main foundation in shaping the character of children who are faithful, have noble morals, and are competitive in the global era. The implementation of Islamic parenting is not only through verbal teaching, but also through habituation, role models, and compassionate communication. In the digital era, challenges such as the influence of technology and differences in values ??between generations require parents to integrate Islamic principles with modern parenting approaches. Thus, Islamic values ??remain relevant and can serve as effective guidelines in forming harmonious families and a generation of Muslims who are noble and adaptive to current developments.
Three domains in bloom's taxonomy Azzahra, Khairunnisa; Arbeni, Wawan; Miranda, Miranda; Putri, Adeliya Maysaroh; Putri, Mayra Amelia
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v5i1.1439

Abstract

Bloom's Taxonomy classifies educational objectives into three main domains: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. The cognitive domain relates to students' intellectual abilities and thought processes, from mastery of basic knowledge to complex evaluation skills. This domain directs educators to emphasize not only memorization but also encourage in-depth understanding and the development of critical and creative thinking skills. The affective domain encompasses the feelings, attitudes, emotions, and values ??that develop within an individual. This domain plays a crucial role in creating learning that is not only cognitively effective but also contributes to the formation of students' character, attitudes, and morals. Meanwhile, the psychomotor domain focuses on physical and manipulative skills involving muscle coordination and motor skills. This domain encompasses various levels of ability, from perception, readiness, reaction, mechanisms, complex skills, adaptation, to creativity. These three domains complement each other in the learning process to develop students' competencies in a holistic and balanced manner. By understanding and integrating the three domains of Bloom's Taxonomy into learning planning and implementation, educators can create a more meaningful, comprehensive learning experience oriented toward developing students' full potential.
Integration of score systems, processing techniques, and value interpretation in learning evaluation Haifa, Nisa; Arbeni, Wawan; Agustin, Ananda; Wulandari, Dwi Cahya; Kaila, Fakhra
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v5i1.1440

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the integration of scoring systems, grade processing techniques, and interpretation of learning outcomes in elementary school learning evaluations. The methodology used is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach through a review of various scientific journals, educational evaluation books, and assessment instruments relevant to the latest curriculum. The results show that standardized scoring has a significant effect on increasing assessment objectivity. Furthermore, systematic grade processing techniques have been shown to improve the accuracy and consistency of learning evaluation results. Accurate grade interpretation helps teachers understand student learning development more comprehensively, allowing for more precise learning decisions that are oriented towards student needs. The conclusion of this study confirms that the integration of scoring, grade processing, and interpretation of learning outcomes needs to be implemented in a single, integrated assessment system to make learning evaluations more valid, reliable, and informative.
Techniques for creating quality questions Atikah, Nur Shadrina; Arbeni, Wawan; Saiban, Nabila; Harahap, Sindy Claudia; Damara, Viola Disti
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v5i1.1446

Abstract

This study aims to examine the technique of creating high-quality questions as an important component in learning evaluation. Well-structured and systematic questions play a role in objectively measuring student competency achievement and reflecting the true level of understanding. The research method used in this study is a literature study by reviewing various relevant sources, such as books, scientific journals, and educational policy documents. The study was conducted by analyzing the concepts, principles, and procedures for creating questions that are in accordance with learning objectives and student characteristics. The results of the study indicate that creating high-quality questions must consider several key aspects, including the suitability of indicators to learning objectives, language clarity, student cognitive levels, and the principles of validity, reliability, objectivity, and practicality. In addition, the selection of question types, such as written tests, performance tests, and non-test instruments, needs to be tailored to the competencies to be measured. By applying appropriate question-building techniques, the learning evaluation process can be more effective and accurate. High-quality questions not only help teachers assess student learning outcomes but also serve as a basis for making improvements and developing the learning process towards a better direction.
Taxonomy of educational objectives and evaluation of learning outcomes Aulia, Rahma Tifani; Aprianti, Emy; Larasati, Danissa; Anggraini, Dini; Putih, Anggi Agustina Merah
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v5i1.1448

Abstract

The taxonomy of educational objectives plays a strategic role in formulating learning directions and serves as a basis for evaluating learning outcomes. The division of educational objectives into cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains requires alignment between learning planning, the implementation of the learning process, and the evaluation techniques used. This study aims to analyze the concept of the taxonomy of educational objectives and its relevance to evaluating learning outcomes in the learning context. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. Data were obtained through a review of various literature sources in the form of educational textbooks, scientific journal articles, and relevant educational policy documents. Data analysis techniques were carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and descriptive-analytical conclusion drawing. The results show that the taxonomy of educational objectives serves as a conceptual framework that guides educators in formulating learning objectives and determining appropriate evaluation instruments. Evaluation of learning outcomes based on the taxonomy of educational objectives is able to measure learning outcomes comprehensively, not only in cognitive aspects, but also in aspects of attitudes and skills.
Analysis of the level of difficulty of questions in assessment tests based on literature review Syahrani, Syahrani; Arnol, Allya Mecca; Arafa, Cayhan Aditya; Azhara, Fadillah; Silalahi, Andre Liano Putra
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v5i1.1450

Abstract

Analyzing each exam question is a fundamental step in ensuring the quality of assessment instruments used in the instructional process. One crucial parameter in evaluation is the analysis of the level of question difficulty, as this is directly proportional to the accuracy of measuring student learning outcomes. This study aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of the concept of level of difficulty, the procedure for creating quality questions, and the urgency of item evaluation in creating balanced and fair assessments. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study method (library research). Data were obtained from secondary sources including textbooks, journal articles, and various relevant scientific documents, which were then analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that ideal questions must meet the balance between the level of difficulty (P) and discriminating power (D). Quality questions are not extreme; questions that are too easy will reduce test reliability, while questions that are too difficult can trigger anxiety and despair in students. The conclusion of this study confirms that teachers' understanding of descriptive item statistics—including the effectiveness of distractors—is an absolute requirement for improving educator professionalism in building quality question banks and supporting the objective achievement of learning objectives.
Analysis of PT Pertamina’s 2020-2024 Financial Ratios: Liquidity, Solvency, Activity, and Profitability Azzahra, Syakirah; Hutagalung, Gerifour; Rizka, Sofa Aulia; Sembiring, Dealova Velonika Br; Sembiring, Anggi Herawati Br; Purba, Gracia Br; Putri, Nasywa; Nasution, Anggi Pratama
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v4i6.1459

Abstract

This study examines PT Pertamina (Persero)’s financial performance from 2020 to 2024 using liquidity, solvency, profitability, and activity ratios. Data were sourced from the company’s annual financial reports over the five-year period. The findings reveal fluctuating liquidity, particularly in 2020 due to the pandemic, followed by improvement through 2024. Solvency analysis shows a high leverage level, reflecting project funding and government mandates, but still within reasonable bounds. Profitability dropped sharply in 2020, rebounded in 2021–2022 with rising oil prices, and declined again in 2023–2024 because of subsidy and operational cost pressures. Activity ratios demonstrate a steady increase in asset management efficiency. Overall, despite external challenges and shifting policy requirements, Pertamina has maintained its financial stability and operational resilience throughout the review period.
Analyzing The Impact of Database Design on The Success of Regional Information Systems Buulolo, Viktor Dirman Jaya; Azzahra, Syakirah; Sembiring, Dealova Venolika Br; Hasanah, Nur Citra; Irawan, Irawan
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v4i6.1462

Abstract

Database design is a fundamental component in the development of Regional Information Systems (RIS), as it determines data quality, inter-agency integration, system performance, and the sustainability of public services. This study aims to analyze the impact of database design on the success of RIS implementation by examining aspects of data quality, system integration, operational efficiency, information security, decision-making support, and system scalability. The research employs a literature review and conceptual analysis of various database design models and their implementation within local government environments. The results indicate that effective database design characterized by standardized data structures, clear inter-table relationships, strong data validation, and multi-layered security mechanisms significantly enhances the effectiveness and accuracy of regional data management. Conversely, suboptimal database design leads to data duplication, low interoperability among local government units, slower public service processes, and an increased risk of data breaches. Therefore, the success of Regional Information Systems is strongly influenced by the quality of database design as the primary foundation for data processing and information provision in local governments.
The Role of Internal Audit and Risk-Based Audit in Improving Local Government Financial Accountability Sofa, Aulia Rizka; Marbun, Nancy; Sembiring, Dealova Venolika Br; Sebayang, Vivi Febyani; Nst, Dito Aditia Darma
EDUCTUM: Journal Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Eductum: Journal Research
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Mutiara Akbar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56495/ejr.v4i2.1471

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of internal audit and the implementation of risk-based audits in improving local government financial accountability. Internal audit serves as a supervisory instrument that ensures regional financial management is carried out in accordance with the principles of transparency, efficiency, and regulatory compliance, while risk-based audits emphasize the identification and mitigation of key risks that have the potential to hinder the achievement of organizational goals. This study uses a qualitative approach with a conceptual-descriptive method through a literature review of laws and regulations, public sector audit standards, and relevant previous research findings. The analysis results indicate that the synergy between effective internal audit and the implementation of risk-based audits can strengthen the internal control system, improve the quality of supervision, and minimize the potential for irregularities in regional financial management. In addition, the use of information technology through the implementation of e-audit and digital data analysis contributes to increasing the efficiency, accuracy, and transparency of the audit process. Thus, the combination of internal audit and risk-based audit is a strategic instrument in realizing accountable, transparent, and integrity-based local government financial governance.

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