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Jurnal Natural

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Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala

ISSN : 14118513 EISSN : 25414062 DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/jn

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics

Jurnal Natural (JN) aims to publish original research results and reviews on sciences and mathematics. Jurnal Natural (JN) encompasses a broad range of research topics in chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, informatic and electronic.

Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)

Articles 457 Documents

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A REVIEW: MICROPROPAGATION OF PHALAENOPSIS sp FROM LEAF AND FLOWER STALK EXPLANTS Meutia Zahara
Jurnal Natural Volume 17, Number 2, September 2017
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstract Phalaenopsis orchids are recognized as the most popular orchid genus in the world, especially in horticultural industry due to their large, colorful, and durable flowers as well as their wider adaptability to room conditions. The characteristics of seedling propagated by vegetative means are not uniform; therefore, propagation through tissue culture is desirable. Although the micro propagation of Phalaenopsis has shown very good development, but the wide spread of micro propagation still limited due some problems such as the exudation of phenolic compounds, the PGR concentration, the media used, somaclonal variation, the chosen explants, etc. This paper endeavor to include some important investigations based on the common explants used; leaf and flower stalk. Keywords: Micropropagation, Phalaenopsis, leaf explant, flower stalk ReferencesAnonymous. Orchid (Orchidaceae). Diakes tanggal 13 Januari 2013 dari http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/kids/species-profiles/orchid. Rainforest Alliance. 2002.Pillon, Y.; Chase, M. W.Taxonomic exaggeration and its effects on orchid conservation. Conservation Biology. 2007, 21, 263–265.Thengane, S. R.; Deodhar, S. R.; Bhosle, S. V.; Rawal, S. K. Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regenaration in Garciniaindica Chois’. Current Science. 2006, 91(8), 1074-1078.Yuswanti, H.; Dharma, I. P.; Utama. ; Wiraatmaja, I. W. Mikropropagasi anggrek Phalaenopsis dengan menggunakan eksplan tangkai bunga. AGROTROP. 2015, 5(2): 161-166.Raynalta, E.; Sukma, D. Pengaruh komposisi media dalam perbanyakan protocorm like bodies, pertumbuhan plantlet, dan aklimatisasi Phalaenopsis amabilis. J. Hort. Indonesia. 2013, 4(3): 131-139.Kosir, P.; Skof, S.; Luthar, Z. Direct Shoot Regeneration from Nodes of Phalaenopsis of Orchids. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 2004, 83, 233–242.Arditti, J. R. ; Ernst. Micropropagation of Orchids. Wiley-Interscience. New York, 1993.Park, Y. S.;Kakuta, S.; Kano, A.; Okabe, M.Efficient propagation of protocorm-like bodies of Phalaenopsis in liquid medium. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 1996, 45, 79–85.Park, S. Y. ; Yeung, E. C.; Chakrabarty, D. ; Paek, K. Y. An efficient direct induction of protocorm-like bodies from leaf subepidermal cells of Doritaenopsis hybrid using thin-section culture. Plant Cell Reports. 2002, 21, 46–51.Zahara, M.; Datta, A.; Boonkorkaew, P. Effects of sucrose, carrot juice and culture media on growth and net CO2 exchange rate in Phalaenopsis hybrid ‘Pink’. ScientiaHorticulturae. 2016,205, 17–24.Hee, K. H.; Loh, C. S.; Yeoh, H. H. In vitro flowering and rapid in vitro embryo production in Dendrobium Chao Praya Smile (Orchidaceae). Plant Cell Reports. 2007, 26, 2055–2062.Kannan, N. An in vitro study on micropropagation of Cymbidium orchids. Current Biotica. 2009, 3, 244–250.Steward, Jr. N. C. Plant Biotechnology and Genetics. Willey, A john Willey Sons, INC., Publication. 2008.George, E. F.; Sherington, P. D.Biotechnology by tissue culture. Exegetics Ltd. 1994.Nursyamsi. Teknik kultur jaringan sebagai alternatif perbanyakan tanaman untuk mendukung rehabilitasi lahan. Makalah pada ekspose hasil-hasil penelitian balai penelitian kehutanan makasar. Makasar, 2010.Aditi, J. F. L. S.; Krikorian, A. D. Orchid mircropropagation: the path from laboratory to commercialization and an account of several unappreciated investigators. Botanical Journal of of the Linnean Society. 1996, 122: 183-241.Gunawan, L. W. Teknik Kultur Jaringan Tanaman. Pusat Antar Universitas (PAU) Bioteknologi IPB. 1998. Bogor.Chugh, S. Guha, S.; Rao, I. U. Micropropagation of orchids: A review on the potential of different explants. Scientia Horticulturae. 2009, 122, 507–520.Ramdan. Kultur daun dan pangkal batang in vitro anggrek bulan raksasa (Phalaenopsis gigantea J.J.Smith) pada beberapa media kultur jaringan. Departemen agronomi dan hortikultura, Fakultas pertanian IPB. 2011.Latip, M. A. R.; Murdad, Z. A.; Aziz, L. H.; Ting, L. M.; Govindasamy.; R. Pipin. Effects of N6-Benzyladenine and Thidiazuron on Poliferation of Phalaenopsis gigantea Protocorm. AsPac J. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 2010, 18(1): 217-220 p.Niknejad, A.; Kadir, M. A.; Kadzimin, B. S. In vitro plant regeneration from protocorms-like bodies (PLBs) and callus of Phalaenopsis gigantea (Epidendroidaceae: Orchidaceae). African Journal of Biotechnology.2010, 10, 11808–11816.Chen, J. T.; Chang, W. C. Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf explants of Phalaenopsis amabilis. Biologia Plantarum. 2006, 50, 169–173.Zahara, M. Disertasi doktor: The Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Natural Additives on Direct Shoot Regeneration and Plantlet Growth of Phalaenopsis hybrid ‘Pink’. Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani. Thailand. 2016.Xu, C. J.; Li, H.; Zhang, M. G. Preliminary studies on the elements of browning and the changes in cellular texture of leaf explant browning in Phalaenopsis. Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2005, 32, 1111–1113.Tokuhara, K; Mii, M. Induction of embryonic callus and cell suspension culture from shoot tips excised from flower stalk buds of Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae). In Vitro Cellular Developmental Biology–Plant. 2001, 37, 457–461Balilashaki, K.; Naderi, R.; Kalantari, S.; Soorni, A. Mircropropagation of Phalaenopsis amabilis cv Cool ‘Breeze’ with using flower stakl nodes and leaves of sterile obtained from node cultures. IJFAS, 2014.Semiarti, E.; Indrianto, A.; Purwanto, A. Agrobacterium-Mediated transformation of Indonesian orchids for micropropagation, genetic transformation, Prof. MarÃa Alvarez (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-364-4, InTech, 2011. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/ genetic-transformation/agrobacterium-mediated-transformation-ofindonesian-orchids-for-micropropagation.

PENGARUH KOMBINASI EKSTRAK PETROLEUM ETER BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum Linn) DENGAN VITAMIN C TERHADAP AKTIVITAS Candida albicans Nurul Khaira; Misrahanum Misrahanum; Rinaldi Idroes; Muhammad Bahi; Khairan Khairan
Jurnal Natural Volume 16, Number 1, March 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Garlic (Allium sativum) contains organosulfur compound that plays an important role as an antibacterial and antifungal activities. Ascorbic acid or vitamine C also has been show has a good activity as an antioxidant and as an antifungal. The aims of the research is to determine the effect of the combination of petroleum ether garlic extract with vitamin C against Candida albicans. Zone of inhibition testing done by Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that the combination of petroleum ether garlic extract with vitamin C in concentration of 50% did not show an activity significantly. Meanwhile, the activity of petroleum ether garlic extract alone at concentration of 50 and 75% showed activities towards Candida albicans with a diameter of inhibition zone are 19.46 and 27.46 mm respectively.

Development of Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric method for identification and determination of marketed metamizole tablet preparation NERDY NERDY; EFFENDY DE LUX PUTRA; NILSYA FEBRIKA ZEBUA; CHRISTICA ILSANNA SURBAKTI; JIHAN SAFIRA
Jurnal Natural Volume 21 Number 1, February 2021
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Metamizole is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) that functions as an analgesic, antipyretic, and antiinflammatory. Examination of active substance contents is a requirement that must be met to ensure the quality of drug preparations. The aims of this study were to develop and validate the Fourier Transform Infrared spectrophotometric method for the quantitation of metamizole content in marketed tablet preparation. Identification and determination of metamizole contents by Fourier Transform Infrared spectrophotometric method used methanol solvent in the wavenumber range 4000 cm–1 to 650 cm–1. The results showed that the specific wavenumbers of metamizole were 1649.3 cm–1; 1623.3 cm–1; and 1589.7 cm–1; and the contents metamizole in marketed tablet preparation ranged from (97.954 ± 0.121)% to (104.541 ± 0.257)%. From the validation method, the recovery result is 100.129%; the relative standard deviation is 0.057%; the limit of detection is 2.09526 mg/mL; the limit of quantitation is 6.34928 mg/mL; and the range 40 mg/mL to 60 mg/mL. The quantitation of metamizole contents can be carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared spectrophotometric method with accurate and precise quantitation results.

Bioassay on n-Hexane Extract of Leaves Cassia alata against Candida albicans Muhammad Bahi; Radilla Mutia; Mustanir Mustanir; Endang Lukitaningsih
Jurnal Natural Volume 14, Number 1, March 2014
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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The study of biological activity from n-hexane extract of leaves’ Cassia alata had been done against Candida albicans as bioindicator. Dried leaves of C. alata (850 g) were macerated into n-hexane to obtain a dark green crude extract (31.79 g). The n-hexane crude extract was then subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and eluted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to give 4 sub-fractions, namely fraction A (7.7251 g), fraction B (1.9419 g), fraction C (1.3565 g) and fraction D (1.4737 g) respectively. Based on phytochemical analysis, both nhexane crude extract and chromatographic sub-fractions contained steroids as their secondary metabolite constituent. The antifungal activity was tested against C. albicans using the agar-disc diffusion method with three different concentrations (10, 30 and 50%). Fraction D showed medium antifungal activity at 10.6, 11.3 and 12.6 of diameter-inhibition zones (mm) respectively.

Analisis Diskriminan Melalui Metode Fisher Terhadap Kemampuan Siswa Dalam Menguasai Materi Bangun Ruang Pada Kelas Viii Smp Negeri 1 Banda Aceh Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014 Khairul Umam; Yuhasriati Yuhasriati; Nadya Nadya
Jurnal Natural Volume 15, Number 1, March 2015
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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One factor that is often happened is the learning objectives are difficult to achieve, because students often make mistakes in understanding the concepts and performing calculations. One way that teachers can do to minimize these errors is to classify between students who have been able to master the material and students who have not been able to master the material. Discriminant analysis is one way to facilitate the grouping of students according to their ability to master the material, by using the method of Fisher. The purpose of this study was determining how the percentage of students who have mastered the material prism and pyramid, getting the discriminant function of the prism and pyramid mastery of the material, and determining the factors that cause students difficult to understand the material prism and pyramid. The study population was the entire eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Banda Aceh while the sample were students of class VIII-8 to 30 students. Based on the research that has been done using the fisher discriminant analysis method, 33.3% of students have mastered the material geometry and 66.6% of students have not mastered the material prism and pyramid. It means that from 30 students only 10 students were able to master the material well-prism and pyramid. End function that is formed is Y1 = 5,487X1 + 3,373X2 - 4,822X3 + 5,936X4 + 1,544X5 - 2,108X6 and Y2 = 5,486X1 + 3,373X2 - 4,823X3 + 5,937X4 + 1,544X5 - 2,107X6.

Comparison of interpolation methods based on Geographic Information System (GIS) in the spatial distribution of seawater intrusion MAULINA TANJUNG; SAUMI SYAHREZA; MUHAMMAD RUSDI
Jurnal Natural Volume 20 Number 2, June 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

The study of monitoring seawater intrusion and groundwater quality in a coastal area needs to be done regularly to prevent the clean water crisis problems in the future. Accurate and reliable interpolation of seawater intrusion over a region is the requirement of an efficient monitoring. In this study, different interpolation methods were investigated and compared to determine the best interpolation method for predicting the spatial distribution of seawater intrusion in the coastal area of Banda Aceh. Groundwater electrical conductivity (EC) was analyzed to identify the contamination of seawater intrusion into the coastal aquifers. Four interpolation methods such as Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK), Global Polynomial Interpolation (GPI), Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), and Local Polynomial Interpolation (LPI), were used to create the spatial distribution of the groundwater electrical conductivity. The accuracy of interpolation methods was evaluated by using a cross-validation technique through the coefficient of determination (R2) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results showed that IDW performed the most accurate prediction values and the best surface which were indicated by the least RMSE and the highest R2 value. It can be concluded that IDW interpolation method is the best method for interpolating the groundwater electrical conductivity associated with seawater intrusion in the coastal area of Banda Aceh.

IMPORTANCE OF LOCATING STRIKE IN 2D MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA MODELING Nazli Ismail
Jurnal Natural Volume 13, Number 1, March 2013
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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2D inversion is still believed as the fastest, cheapest, and most reliable method magnetotelluric data interpretation. Traditionally the magnetotelluric data are collected on 2D profile perpendicularly across an assumed geological strike. However there is no guarantee where the chosen strike is exactly or nearly same as true geoelectrical strike. For this purpose, 2D synthetic magnetotelluric impedance data of a simple 2D model were generated along a profile across the model. The data were inverted on various presumed strike in order to study how far the inverted model is deviated when the presumed strike is moved away to the true strike. By the aim, first the data were inverted as measured on 2D profile perpendicularly across true strike in order to see how the inversion works in the ideal case. Thedata were also inverted as measured on 2D profile perpendicularly across an assumed strike. The presumed strike deviated 60 degrees to the true strike was selected as an example of extreme case. The model inverted from the extreme presumed strike data is compared to the actual one. The inversions on determinant and combined TE and TM modes have been done as well for model resolution comparison.

Coconut oil effect on the hygroscopic properties of Simalambuo wood (Lophopetalum spp.) LIVER IMAN PUTRA ZAI; SAHARMAN GEA; MARPONGAHTUN MARPONGAHTUN; EDDYANTO EDDYANTO; NUR AZIZAH; APRI H SISWANTO
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 2, June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Simalambuo (Lophopetalum spp) trees are endemic to Southeast Asia and widely grow in the natural forests in Nias island. Local people whose experience of utilizing the simalambuo wood have claimed that the wood easily absorbs water. Throughout our searches, not many efforts to modify the physical properties of the simalambuo woods have been carried out yet. Therefore, in this study, we modified simalambuo wood by thermal treatment in coconut oil-ambient conditions. The heat treatment became an option to support the efforts in reducing the use of non-environmental-friendly materials and methods. The simalambuo wood was treated under coconut oil at 130-210oC for 6 hours. Coconut oil uptake was up to 174%, while the leaching test (AWPA E-06 standard) showed the uneasily permeate out from the wood and high retention differently in terms of treatment and cooling temperature. Heat treatment with coconut oil affected water absorption ability and improved dimensional stability of simalambuo wood. Water absorption reduced from 162% to 16%, and dimensional stability increased from 8.4% to 4.2% at 192 hours after being soaked in water. The higher the difference between treatment and cooling temperature, the better-affected water absorption ability was and the higher dimensional ability could be achieved.

CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL IRON SAND FROM KATA BEACH, WEST SUMATRA WITH HIGH ENERGY MILLING (HEM) Martha Rianna; Timbangen Sembiring; Marhaposan Situmorang; Candra Kurniawan; Eko Arief Setiadi; Anggito P Tetuko; Silviana Simbolon; Masno Ginting; Perdamean Sebayang
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 2, June 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Iron sand is one of the natural resources in West Sumatra that has not been optimally utilized. One of the potential locations to get this iron sand deposits is the coast of Kata. This study aims to analyze the content and size of the iron grains found on the coast of Kata Padang Beach, West Sumatera Province. Coastal sand samples are extracted using permanent magnets to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Characterization of iron sand using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The result of characterization using SEM-EDX shows that iron sand samples contain Fe and O elements derived from Phase Magnetite (Fe3O4). Keywords: iron sand, magnetic materials, SEM-EDX, VSM

The Application of Fitness Sharing Method in Evolutionary Algorithm to Optimizing the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) Nurmaulidar Nurmaulidar
Jurnal Natural Volume 14, Number 2, September 2014
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of complex optimization problem that is difficult to be solved, and require quite a long time for a large number of cities. Evolutionary algorithm is a precise algorithm used in solving complex optimization problem as it is part of heuristic method. Evolutionary algorithm, like many other algorithms, also experiences a premature convergence phenomenon, whereby variation is eliminated from a population of fairly fit individuals before a complete solution is achieved. Therefore it requires a method to delay the convergence. A specific method of fitness sharing called phenotype fitness sharing has been used in this research. The aim of this research is to find out whether fitness sharing in evolutionary algorithm is able to optimize TSP. There are two concepts of evolutionary algorithm being used in this research. the first one used single elitism and the other one used federated solution. The two concepts had been tested to the method of fitness sharing by using the threshold of 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75. The result was then compared to a non fitness sharing method. The result in this study indicated that by using single elitism concept, fitness sharing was able to give a more optimum result for the data of 100-1000 cities. On the other hand, by using federation solution concept, fitness sharing can yield a more optimum result for the data above 1000 cities, as well as a better solution of data-spreading compared to the method without fitness sharing.

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Block A 2nd Floor FMIPA USK Jl. Tegk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 3, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia

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