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Jurnal Natural
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 14118513     EISSN : 25414062     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/jn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics
Jurnal Natural (JN) aims to publish original research results and reviews on sciences and mathematics. Jurnal Natural (JN) encompasses a broad range of research topics in chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, informatic and electronic.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 457 Documents
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Analysis of VAE-LSTM Performance in Detecting Anomalies in Average Daily Temperature Data in Jakarta 2000-2023 Angraini, Yenni; Ramdani, Indri; Indahwati, Indahwati
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 2, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v25i2.41856

Abstract

Climate change is happening worldwide, so global climate conditions are a major concern. In densely populated urban areas such as Jakarta, it is impossible to avoid the impacts of climate change, particularly the daily changes in air temperature. Therefore, a sophisticated and efficient approach is needed to find inconsistencies in daily air temperature data to provide critical information for sustainable urban planning and efforts to reduce risks. This research will combine two innovative approaches for hybrid anomaly detection. The method combines generative methods and can extract complex features, such as variational autoencoder (VAE), along with the temporal coding capabilities of long-short-term memory (LSTM), a type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The data used in this study is the average daily air temperature data in Jakarta, obtained from the Kemayoran Meteorological Station and provide by the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The data used is daily from April 2000 to December 2023. The threshold used to detect anomalies was 229.5, which resulted in excellent performance, namely F1-Score 0.985, Recall 1.000, and Precision 0.971. The VAE-LSTM model identified all dates with significant temperature anomalies, including January 21, 2014, February 22, 2014, November 12, 2014, and February 9, 2015. These dates are significant as they represent extreme weather events that can have severe implications for urban planning and climate change adaptation. The anomalies fall into the categories of point and contextual anomalies. This study contributes to climate research by providing evidence of the effectiveness of deep learning-based hybrid models in detecting complex and context-sensitive temperature anomalies.
Optimization of growth rate and feeding efficiency of four economically important in the bioflocs system HANAFIE, AGUSSYARIF; MURJANI, AKHMAD; REDHA, EL
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 1, February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v25i1.41139

Abstract

Abstract. Research and development of biofloc aquaculture system until now only in the range of 14-15 species conducted. Even though this technology is able to increase production several times compared to conventional systems, so it is necessary to diversify species that allow development, especially economically important fish. There are 4 species of fish that are feasible to be developed, especially freshwater fish groups in wetlands, such as fish (climbing perch; Anabas testudineus Bloch, snakehead, Channa striata Bloch, giant gouramy , Opronemus gouramy and Pangas , Pangasius hypophthalmus. This research has been carried out in the range of June 2023- February 2024 using a complete randomised complete block design, 4 treatments climbing perch; snakehead, giant gouramy and pangas with 4 replicates. Stocking density of 1000 fish 2500 L-1 using 2 m diameter round pond with biofloc media; feeding twice a day and the amount of feed given was 2.5% of total weight, for 158 days. Research parameters included; daily growth rate (%/day), feed efficiency. FCR, weight gain (gr) and length gain (cm), water quality and biofloc content (ml/L). The results showed that the results of the anova test showed a significance value (Sig.) of 0.000 0.05, so there was a significant difference between treatments of the daily growth rate (SGR) parameter, the results of the area test also showed differences between treatments. The highest daily growth rate was obtained in climbing perch, followed by pangas, giant gouramy and Snakehead. The results of the anova test for weight gain showed a significance value (Sig.) of 0.000 0.05, so there was a significant difference between treatments. The anova test results showed a significance value (Sig.) of 0.052 0.005, so there was no significant difference between treatments; the growth of each treatment showed peculiarities between species depending on genes. Anova test results show that the feed conversion of fish research significance value 0.000 0.05 means that the four types of fish studied, significantly different from those reared in the biofloc system Survival rate of fish research significance value 0.000 0.05 means that the four types of fish studied, significantly different from those reared in the biofloc system. Water quality with 4 main parameters is able to support the growth and development of the 4 economically important fish species studied.
Bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility among pus culture in dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh KEUMALAHAYATI, MEUTIA; HAYATI, ZINATUL; MAELANI, IMELDA; RIDWAN, AZWAR; RAHMAWATI, CUT VIKA; MULIANA, DESI; PUTRI, FARAH DHITA ANISSA; MAHDANI, WILDA
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 1, February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v25i1.44523

Abstract

The collection of pus samples is crucial for identifying serious bacterial infections. Accurate identification of the pathogen and selection of the appropriate antibiotics are essential for effective treatment. This study used a descriptive retrospective method to investigate pus specimens bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility at dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital in Banda Aceh in 2023. Out of 1,274 examined pus specimens, 782 yielded positive cultures, revealing 61 bacterial species, predominantly Escherichia coli (22%), Staphylococcus aureus (16%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%). Gram-negative bacteria constituted 70.20% of the isolates. High antibiotic susceptibility rates were observed for Vancomycin (98%) and Linezolid (98%) in Gram-positive bacteria, while Amikacin (86%) and Meropenem (74.74%) were effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Notable resistance was found in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (81%) and E. coli resistant to third-generation Cephalosporins (55%). These findings underscore the importance of monitoring bacterial patterns and antibiotic resistance for improved infection management at dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh.
Biodegradation of diisobutyl phthalate using fungi plastisphere isolated from plastic waste in mangrove Kadilangu area Baharudin, Jalu Bahtiar; Rakhmawati, Anna
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 2, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Diisobutyl phthalate, an additive in plastic production belonging to the group of xenobiotic substances, has a negative impact on human health, especially on the reproductive system. In Indonesia, the presence of plastisphere fungi is often used as a degrading agent for xenobiotic substances. Plastisphere fungi show enzymatic activity to degrade xenobiotic substances but have not been widely studied. Therefore, this research aims to assess the ability of several genera of plastisphere fungi to degrade diisobutyl phthalate and evaluate their enzyme activity and their tolerance under heavy metal stress. The method for determining degradation used an UV-VIS spectrophotometer at wavelength of 362 nm, fungal identification used profile matching method, the presence of oxidoreductase enzymes in fungi was assessed using qualitative method with selective media (ABTS 200 mg/L, phenol red 50 mg/L, and methylene blue 4%), and their tolerance to heavy metals at a concentration of 50 ppm was analyzed using tolerance index method. The identification results of fungi come from the genera Acremonium and Aspergillus, and tolerance index analysis revealed that these genera have high tolerance to very tolerant (0.91-1.23) to the metals (copper, chromium, and lead) induced stress. Evaluation of oxidoreductase enzyme activity showed that Aspergillus from isolate LT2(1) had laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase enzymes. Analysis of diisobutyl phthalate degradation using an UV-VIS spectrophotometer with wavelength of 362 nm showed that all isolates were able to degrade diisobutyl phthalate within 14 days of incubation period at room temperature (20oC-23oC) under copper-induced stress, with the highest isolate degrading diisobutyl phthalate is Aspergillus LT2(1) (75.57%), followed by Acremonium PK2(2) (60.65%), and Aspergillus HT3(2) (36.79%). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Aspergillus LT2(1) shows the best agent to degrade diisobutyl phthalate because it has the ability to regulate the flow of nutrients and energy through the structure of hyphae and mycelial tissues and produces oxidoreductase enzymes that are able to degrade recalcitrant compounds.
Species and index diversity of macrofungi from two different locations in East Kalimantan ARIF, MUHAMMAD FAUZI; DEMO, HILDIANA APRILIANI DHIU; YULIANI, FERDINA; HAZMI, NUBLI; ROSADI, IMAM; YULIATIN, ERVINDA; SUGIANUR, SUGIANUR; ABRIYANTO, HERY
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 2, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

East Kalimantan represents the lowland rainforest ecosystem with a vast number of macrofungi species in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity of macrofungi within the two different locations in East Kalimantan. The study was conducted in several phases, including planning, survey, preparation, sampling, and data analysis. Sampling was carried out systematically in 20 20 m plots. Collected samples were processed, photographed, and identified. Ecological indices, including the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, species evenness, and the Simpson dominance index, were calculated to provide a detailed analysis of the macrofungal community structure. This study found that location 1 recorded 24 species from 21 genera, while location 2 had 22 species from 20 genera. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index indicated moderate diversity at both sites, with values of 2.82 for location 1 and 2.65 for location 2. Daedaleopsis confragosa was the most frequent and dominant species in location 1, contributing 12.03% relative density, while Marasmiellus candidus dominated location 2 with 18.51% relative density. Species evenness was medium in both locations, and the dominance index was low, highlighting the ecological significance of these fungal species in their respective habitats. The results emphasize the importance of studying fungal ecology to support conservation and sustainable environmental management. The study revealed a wide variety of macrofungi that play vital roles in the tropical ecosystems of these two locations in East Kalimantan.
Effect of mulch and liquid organic fertilizer on shallot production (Allium cepa) Sriwati, Rina; Nasrullah, Nasrullah; Sugianto, Sugianto; Samadi, Samadi; Pratama, Said Mirza; El Ryiad, Kevin Rizqullah
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 2, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Shallot (Allium cepa) is an economically valuable and highly nutritious crop whose productivity can be increased through optimal cultivation practices. This study investigated the combined effects of mulch and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) on onion yield and performance. A factorial randomized block design (RCBD) was used consisting of two factors, namely mulch type (no mulch, black and silver plastic mulch, rice husk mulch, and shallot skin mulch) and LOF dosage (no LOF, 1,000 L/ha, and 1,500 L/ha). Data were analyzed using Least Significant Difference (LSD) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at = 5%. The application of rice husk mulch and LOF at a dose of 1,500 L/ha resulted in the highest number of bulbs, bulb diameter, wet weight, dry weight, soil microbial population, and peroxidase enzyme activity among all treatments. This study demonstrates that rice husk mulch and LOF at a dose of 1,500 L/ha can significantly enhance shallot production. Additionally, the findings indicate that the use of rice husk mulch and LOF at a dose of 1,500 L/ha can boost soil microbial population and increase peroxidase enzyme activity.
The immunostimulant effect of jamblang stem bark (Syzygium cumini L.) ethanol extract against mice macrophages phagocytosis activity and capacity Rosnizar, Rosnizar; sari, widya; Syahfitri, Widya; Kusuma, Hendrix Indra; safitri, novi; izzazaya, annisa
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 2, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of administering Jamblang Stem Bark Ethanol Extract (Syzygium cumini L.) (JSBEE) on the activity and phagocytosis capacity of macrophages in mice (Mus musculus) infected with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and five repetitions, conducted in-vitro and in vivo test. The treatments for in vitro involved administering distilled water (T0), Stimuno (T1), and JSBEE at concentrations of 10 ppm (T2), 100 ppm (T3), and 1000 ppm (T4). Subsequently, in vivo treatment was conducted using distilled water (T0), stimuno (T1), JSBEE at 10 mg/kg (T2), 100 mg/kg (T3), and 1000 mg/kg (T4). Initially, mice underwent in vivo administration of JSBEE, administered orally via catheter tip, with a dosage of 1 mL per 10 g of body weight. JSBEE was administered orally for 10 days, followed by infection with S. aureus on the 11th day. The in vitro tests were conducted by isolating macrophage cells from the intraperitoneal fluid, to which S. aureus and JSBEE were added. Intraperitoneal fluid collected from the mice was used to prepare smears using the thin blood smear method and Giemsa staining. Macrophage phagocytosis activity was observed and assessed based on the percentage activity formula, and the phagocytic capacity of macrophages was measured by the number of S. aureus cells phagocytosed. The results indicated that JSBEE significantly affected (P0.05) both the activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophages in vivo and in-vitro. The best concentration of JSBEE for increasing both the activity value and phagocytic capacity of macrophages was 100 ppm (T3).
Analysis of particle dynamics, event horizon, and thermodynamic properties of black holes in the Ghasemi-Nodehi-Bambi metric Siagian, Ruben Cornelius
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 2, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Black holes, as complex astrophysical objects, are strongly influenced by their metric parameters. This research focuses on the Ghasemi-Nodehi-Bambi (G-N-B) metric, an extension of the Kerr solution, which introduces additional parameters to more accurately describe the properties of black holes. The research investigates the impact of parameter variations in the G-N-B metric on black hole thermodynamics, particle dynamics, and event horizon structure. Analytical and numerical methods are applied to examine the quadratic equations governing event horizons, particle motion, and black hole temperature and entropy. The research explores the variation of parameters (M) and (a) within a certain range to evaluate their influence on the gravitational distribution and the effect of frame attraction. The distribution of (M) values was visualized on a logarithmic scale to highlight the sensitivity of the system to parameter changes. The study found that variations in the G-N-B metric parameter significantly affect the event horizon, with the likelihood of extreme black holes or naked singularities forming depending on the discriminant of the quadratic equation. Particle motion is affected by parameters (M) and (a), which alter the gravitational field and orbital stability. The black hole temperature and entropy show significant changes: an increase in (M) increases gravity and surface temperature, while an increase in (a) decreases temperature due to rotational effects. The research improves the understanding of black holes beyond the Kerr model, especially in terms of black hole thermodynamics and time-space structure.
Electrofacies classification of a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic reservoir using machine learning techniques ADHARI, MUHAMMAD RIDHA; WIRANDHA, FREDDY SAPTA; YANIS, MUHAMMAD; KARDAWI, MUHAMMAD YUSUF
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 3, October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Many scientific fields, including the geosciences, have successfully employed machine learning to address numerous significant issues. Current studies show that the application of machine learning within the geosciences is still in its early stages, and there is a huge potential for this technique that need to be explored. This research focuses on the Late Permian Beekeeper Formation from the Perth Basin, Australia. It aims to improve our understanding of the application of machine learning to characterise subsurface rock formations. The objectives of this study are threefold: (1) to conduct cutting, crossplot, and modern machine learning analyses on a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic reservoir; (2) to compare the results from the aforementioned analyses and to interpret the electrofacies and lithofacies; and (3) to understand the degree of accuracy of the application of machine learning in the characterisation of the subsurface rock formations. Cutting, crossplotting, and modern machine learning analyses have been conducted to achieve the aim and objectives of this study. Seven electrofacies, associated with nine lithofacies, were identified within the studied data, and these were classified into carbonate-dominated facies group, siliciclastic-dominated facies group, and mixed carbonate-siliciclastic facies group. Results also show the presence of stratal and compositional mixing within the Beekeeper Formation. A combination of cutting, crossplot, and machine learning analyses can provide a better, more accurate, and more reliable interpretation of the facies of the Beekeeper Formation. This study is expected to advance our understanding of the application of machine learning in geosciences.
Design analysis of drainage system design on coal mining land BAHARUDDIN, ICHSAN INVANNI; HAR, Rusli; ASSHIDIQQI, MUHAMMAD HABIB; ANARTA, RUDY; Tanjung, Denny Akbar
Jurnal Natural Volume 25 Number 3, October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

PT Bumi Bara Makmur Mandiri is a mining company engaged in coal mining, located in Hajran Village, Bathin XXIV District, Batang Hari Regency, Jambi Province. The company employs an open-pit mining method, which results in the formation of depressions that act as rainwater catchment areas, creating pools (sumps). To manage these sump areas effectively for mining activities, a mine dewatering drainage system is implemented. Over the past ten years, rainfall data indicates a catchment area of 246.02 hectares, with an estimated rainfall of 280.88 mm for a return period of ten years. The groundwater that accumulates in the pooling area has an inflow rate of 0.11 m/s, leading to a total water discharge entering PIT A of 39.12 m/second. Currently, there is one pump available with a power capacity of 10.83 kW to remove this water. Due to the significant water discharge, it is essential to design an economical open flow that can handle a flow rate of 2.96 m/s. Furthermore, a design for a holding pond is required, as the existing capacity is insufficient to accommodate the incoming water discharge, which hampers the sedimentation process. To address this, a redesigned settling pond with dimensions of 46 m x 36 m x 7 m and six compartments has been proposed. This solution will enhance the effectiveness of the mine drainage process

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