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Energy, Materials and Product design
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 29646987     EISSN : 29646987     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29303/empd.v3i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Energy, Materials and Product Design is an open-access journal and published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mataram, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Articles that have been approved and published in journals can be accessed by everyone at https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/empd/index. Energy, Materials and Product Design is a forum for publishing research results, case studies, and reviews related to mechanical engineering, such as energy, materials, product design, and ergonomics, which can influence other engineering fields. The scope of this journal is the field of mechanical engineering, including research or case studies related to heat exchangers, energy conversion including solar, wind, marine, biomass, heat storage, materials and components including manufacturing and metallurgy, electric vehicles or their components, as well as Ergonomics applications in tool and work station design. Articles can be written in Indonesian and English according to the Energy, Materials and Product Design journal guidelines.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 38 Documents
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PENGARUH pH DAN PUTARAN PENGADUKAN PADA FERMENTASI MOLASE TERHADAP HASIL AKHIR PRODUKSI BIOETANOL Egamiati; Tri Rachmanto; I Made Mara
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

Until now, oil and gas are the main energy sources in the world. Indonesia is a country with high energy utilization. Energy sources in Indonesia still come from fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuels, such as oil and gas, can cause the greenhouse effect. Therefore we need an alternative energy (biofuel) that is not harmful to the ecosystem. One example of biofuel is bioethanol. This study used 2 variations, namely stirring rotation (800, 1000 and 1200 rpm) and fermentation pH (4, 4.5 and 5). So from the two variations, 9 kinds of treatment were obtained with 3 repetitions so that the total sample was 27. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stirring rotation (rpm) and pH of fermentation on the final yield of bioethanol production. The production of bioethanol is carried out by a fermentation process for 48 hours, then distilled to obtain bioethanol. The results of this study indicate that the variation of fermentation pH is the most dominant factor on the level of bioethanol produced, while for the volume of bioethanol produced the most dominant factor is the stirring rotation. The treatment that produced the highest volume of bioethanol was a stirring rotation of 1000 rpm and a fermentation pH of 4 with an average volume of 1234.3 mL and the highest alcohol content was obtained at a stirring rotation of 1000 Rpm and a fermentation pH of 5 with an average value of 81.3%.
ANALISA USAHA LAUNDRY (HOOP LAUNDRY) DI KOTA MATARAM DENGAN METODE BREAK EVEN POINT (BEP) Made Wijana; I.G.A.K. Chatur Adhi Wirya A.; B.V.S. Boli
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

Laundry is a business in the field of clothes washing services where dirty clothes are processed until clean and ready to distributed, this business is very promising because of the high level of demand for this service. Therefore, business actors in this field, namely Hoop Laundry, to continue to develop, must be supported by maximum profits by doing profit planning to find out whether this business is profitable or not.To plan profit, a tool is needed, one of which is the determination of the break- even point. In profit planning, break even point analysis is a profit planning approach that is based on the relationship between costs and income.The results of this study, it is known that the average number of kg of laundry per month produced is 1,702.52 kg with a Fixed Cost (FC) of Rp. 25,510,500 and Variable Cost (VC) of Rp. 61,828,852.5. From the laundry price per kg (p) which is IDR 6,000 the number of kg of laundry produced to reach the Break Even Point (BEP) condition is12,984 kg of laundry with a time of 7.6 months where the total expenses (TC) are equal to the total income (TR) which is IDR 77,902,498
ANALISA PERFORMA HEAT EXCHANGER TIPE SHELL AND TUBE PADA PROSES PENDINGINAN PELUMAS SAG MILL DI AREA GRINDING CONCENTRATOR AREA 130 PT. AMMAN MINERAL NUSA TENGGARA I Wayan Joniarta; Wahyudi Santosa; Made Wijana
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

In the industrial world, the use of heat exchanger has an important role in helping the production process, especially in PT. Amman Mineral Nusa Tengggara. Heat exchanger which is used in various production process installations is basically a place to exchange energy in the from of heat from one fluid source to another. In the operation of a heat exchanger on a Semi Autogenous (SAG) mill this process is called oil conditioning, namely oil conditioning involving cooling and filtration in oil to coll the lubricant on the bearing SAG mill. This shell and tube type heat exchanger greatly influences the entire set of processes, because the operation caused by mechanical or operational failure can stop the operation of the unit. In this study do a comparison between the design specifications with the results of observations in the field in the morning and evening. Observations for 5 times were then analyzed using heat transfer to determine thermal load, heat transfer rate, heat transfer coefficient, LMTD, TDC. The results of these calculations can show that the heat exchanger in the morning has better performance. This is evident from its high effectiveness in the morning. However, the heat exchanger damages the leakage of the tube resulting in the mixing of oil with water and impurities from the cooling water quality from poor water flow can cause a decrease in performance on the heat exchanger.
ANALISA SISTEM KENDALI MEKANIK UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN KENDARAAN LISTRIK AUTONOMOUS FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNRAM I Dewa Ketut Okariawan; Syahrul; Ida Bagus Alit; I Made Nuarsa; I Made Suartika
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

Currently, the vehicles that are commonly used are vehicles with fossil fuels, but we all know that these fuels are non-renewable fuels and their availability in nature is very limited, so it is necessary to innovate to use other renewable energy sources. one of which is electrical energy. Besides that, the use of electrical energy for vehicles is currently very relevant because of its relatively high efficiency and friendly to the environment, namely no CO or CO2 gas is formed as in conventional vehicles. Indonesia has the potential to develop electric cars because there is a lot of nickel available to be processed into batteries. Thus, our country has a very large opportunity to produce electric cars. To realize this, it is deemed necessary to conduct a thorough study such as the level of comfort and safety. Thus, it is needed to conduct a study of the mechanical control system so that driving comfort and safety can be achieved. In this research, we will measure the turning radius of the vehicle at various TOE angles. The resulth of this study are the greater of TOE angle produce the higer the turning radius of the vehicle, The smallest turning radius is at a TOE angle 0 degrees which is 4.42 meters and the largest at a TOE angle 1.035 degrees which is 4.53 meters.
PERANCANGAN CHASIS KENDARAAN LISTRIK UNIVERSITAS MATARAM A.A. Alit Triadi; Tri Rachmanto; I Made Mara; I G. N. K. Yudhyadi; Nur Kaliwantoro
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

Chassis is the main component of the vehicle that functions to support the engine, body, suspension system, electrical system and driver. Chassis is one part of the vehicle that has an important role so careful planning is needed in its manufacture. Chassis must be strong and sturdy to support the load of the driver, electric motor and accessories. In addition, the chassis must also be light so as not to overload the work of the electric motor and be able to go through various road conditions. The vehicle body is its function to shape the vehicle and also protect the people inside. In this design, steel and aluminum materials are used, then simulated using the Autodesk Inventor software. The goal is to determine the Von Mosses stress value on the chassis design. AISI 1018 steel material with a load of 700 kg, 800 kg, and with a load of 900 kg obtained a value of 5.56. The safety factor obtained is still safe because it is above the safety factor for industrial construction design, namely 4. Aluminum 6061 material with a load of 700 kg, 800 kg and with a load of 900 kg obtained a value of 7.46. The safety factor obtained is still safe because it is above the safety factor for industrial construction design, namely 4.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SERAT KAIN KATUN PAKAIAN BEKAS TERHADAP KEKUATAN TEKAN DAN BENDING DARI KOMPOSIT FOAM AGENT BETON RINGAN DENGAN STRIMIN BAJA Muh. Rian Septiawan P; Agus Dwi Catur; Pandri Pandiatmi
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

The problem of waste is a problem that requires serious handling, especially inorganic waste, where this waste cannot be destroyed by nature in a short time. Indonesia itself does not have a special treatment for this used clothing waste. Used clothes that are still fit for use can be resold or donated to those in need, but not every second-hand clothes can be reused so that used clothes are only thrown away which can cause pollution to the surrounding environment. With the increase in the human population in the world, the needs also increase, such as the need for food, clothing and there is also an increasing need for buildings. Panels are one of the most widely used building materials, especially for insulating walls in house buildings. One type of panel is a lightweight concrete panel. The purpose of this study is to utilize used clothing waste as a part of lightweight concrete composites where the fibers of used clothing waste are utilized as reinforcement for lightweight concrete composites and to determine the effect of adding used clothing waste fibers to the compressive and bending strength of the lightweight concrete. The variations that will be used are 0%, 0.3% and 0.7% with the size of the mold for bending, which is 160 mm long, 40 mm wide, 40 mm thick. while for the compression test mold is cylindrical in shape and has a height of 300 mm and a diameter of 150 mm. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in strength in the compressive test from not using fiber or 0% of 4.42 N/mm2 , using fiber with a variation of 0.3% of 5.47 N/mm2 and fiber with a variation of 0.7% of 6.13 N/mm2 . The bending test shows a decrease in strength from variations of 0%, 0.3%, 0.7% to 3.65 Mpa, 3.376 Mpa, 2.6 Mpa.
ANALISIS SUDUT BELOK DAN KECEPATAN TERHADAP RADIUS BELOK MOBIL LISTRIK I Made Mara; A. A. Alit Triadi; Andrian Suci Rahmawan
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

As the number of cars increases, the number of accidents that occur is directly proportional to the number of accidents that occur, namely 117,949 cases and this increases by around 8.3% annually, mostly due to driver negligence and lack of vehicle stability. One important aspect in car design is the steering system which influences the response of the vehicle's steering motion to steering wheel input and has a major influence on comfort as well as safety. The purpose of this study was to determine the turning radius at various speeds and turning angles and to determine the ratio of the turning angle to the turning angle of an electric car. In the analysis phase, calculations are carried out based on slip analysis to obtain the turning radius at various speeds and turning angles, and the ratio of the turning angle to the turning angle of the electric car. At the testing stage it is carried out by determining the steer rotation angle based on the specified turning angle. The results of this study are at a speed of 30 Km/hour with a turning angle of 240 resulting in the smallest turning radius, that is, in the analysis of 5.5 m and 5.75 m of experiment and the smallest percentage of turning radius, namely the results of the analysis are 4% smaller than the experimental results. At a speed of 50 Km/hour with a turning angle of 150 produces the largest turning radius, namely, in the analysis of 9.5 m and 9 m experiments and the greatest percentage of turning radius, namely the results of the analysis are 13% smaller than the experimental results. From the results of the analysis, the ratio of the turning angle to the turning radius is 18:1.
SIFAT TEKAN DAN BENDING PANEL SANDWICH BETON RINGAN SELULAR DENGAN PENGUAT PIN BAMBU Agus Dwi Catur; Pandri Pandiatmi; Fikri Haikal
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

Bamboo plants are a type of grass with hollow segments in the stems, cylindrical, hard and in each book has buds or branching eyes. This bamboo plant can grow around 1200 meters above sea level and lowlands with humidity conditions and broad soil types. This plant is often found growing wild around river banks, forests, or fields. This plant is used by the community to make matting, bamboo bridges, concrete reinforcement, and so on. Concrete is a mixture consisting of sand, gravel or crushed stone and other aggregates mixed together with a paste made from a mixture of cement and water to from a rock-like mass. Lightweight concrete is concrete with a weight of less than 1900 kg/m3. The value of compressive strength is smaller than ordinary concrete and is not good at conducting heat. The specific gravity of lightweight concrete varies greatly depending on the lightweight aggregate used. Sandwich components are a type of structural composite that has the potential to be developed. Sandwich composite is a composite composed of 3 layers consisting of a flat composite (metal sheet) as the surface skin (skin) and the core material (core) in the middle (the part between). Sandwich composite is a type of composite that is very suitable for resisting bending, impact, vibration and sound dampening. Sandwich composites are made to obtain a lightweight structure but have high stiffness and strength. Usually the selection of sandwich composites materials, the requirements are light weight, heat and corrosion resistance, and price is also considered. The purpose of this study is to utilize the addition of bamboo as a concrete reinforcement instead of steel, to create a very affordable cost and to find out how much influence the addition of bamboo pins has as a core reinforcement in sandwich composites on the compressive and bending strength of the lightweight concrete. The variation of the spacing of the bamboo pins used is 3 cm and 4 cm for the width, and 4 cm 6 cm for the length of each sandwich composite. The size the sandwich composites varies, while for compression testing it has a length of 15 cm, a width of 15 cm and a thickness of 7,5 cm. And for the bending test it has a length 40 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a thickness of 7,5 cm. The results showed that there was an increase in strength in the compressive test from those who did not use pins of 0,646 N/mm2, and those who used pins with a distance of 3 cm x 4 cm of 1,94 N/mm2 and a distance of 4 cm x 6 cm of 1,596 N/mm2. Where the longer the distance between the bamboo pins, the strength decreases. For the bending test it also shows an increase from without pins having a value of 0,43 N/mm2 to adding pins with a pin spacing of 3 cm x 4 cm having a value of 0,89 N/mm2 and experiencing a decrease in pin spacing of 4 cm x 6 cm with a value of 0,25 N/mm2.
PENGARUH VARIASI TINGGI SUDU TURBIN DARI TINGGI BASIN TERHADAP DAYA DAN EFISIENSI TURBIN VORTEX Tri Rachmanto; Mirmanto; Randi Lelio
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

Electrical energy is a very important need for human life in various aspects, both on a large and small scale. One of the efforts to reduce the use of fossil fuels is to use natural resources that are not limited and can be renewed. Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHP) is an alternative source of electricity for the community, one of which is a vortex turbine. The vortex turbine is one type of micro hydro turbine that utilizes a whirlpool as a blade drive. This study examines the effect of blade height variations of 25%, 30%, and 35% of the basin height on power and efficiency. The results showed that the largest turbine power at 25% blade height variation from the basin height with a discharge of 0.009 m3/s was 3.294 Watt with an efficiency of 51.10%. The largest turbine power at an angle variation of 30% of the basin height with a discharge of 0.009 m3/s is 3.364 Watt with an efficiency of 50.66%. The largest turbine power at an angle variation of 35% of the basin height with a discharge of 0.009 m3/s is 4.062 Watt with an efficiency of 62.35%. Turbine power based on two-way anova analysis shows that between variations in turbine height and flow discharge have a significant effect on the turbine power produced and turbine efficiency based on two-way anova analysis shows that between variations in turbine height and flow discharge have a significant effect on the turbine efficiency produced.
PENGARUH PROSES PACK NITRIDING TERHADAP ANGKA KEKERASAN PERMUKAAN, KEULETAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA BAJA SS 400 Sujita; Pandri Pandiatmi; Fadly Bukhari
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

The pack nitriding process is a process of increasing the surface hardness of steel by using nitrogen with the help of organic compounds as a nitrogen source in the process. The processed steel is put into a vessel which is usually made of ceramic, glass or aluminum along with a compound used as a nitrogen source. During heating,The organic compounds used in the analysis process are generally stable at temperatures up to 570 oC and removal times of 2 to 16 hours. The purpose of the pack nitriding process is to increase the surface hardness while remaining ductile inside. In this study, nitrogen was added using a pack nitriding process after which it was quenched using water. The elimination times used were 4 and 6 hours with temperature variations of 560°C, 580°C and 600°C and presenting nitrogen for the 150 gram pack nitriding process. The highest hardness value was obtained at 580 °C with a surface hardness value of 234.84 kg/mm2 with 4 hours of removal time. And the highest impact value was shown by the specimen without treatment of 158.3 Joules. The results of testing the chemical composition of the specimens without treatment and after the pack nitriding process showed that there was an increase in the nitrogen element.

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