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Vegetalika
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 23024054     EISSN : 26227452     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Vegetalika ISSN (Cetak): 2302-4054 dan ISSN (Online): 2622-7452 adalah open access jurnal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah berupa gagasan dan hasil penelitian. Topik publikasi berkaitan dengan disiplin ilmu Agronomi mencakup Manajemen dan Produksi Tanaman, Hortikultura, Ekologi Tanaman, Fisiologi Tanaman, Genetika dan Pemuliaan, Teknologi Benih, Bioteknologi Tanaman, dan Biostatistika.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 479 Documents
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Pengaruh Pupuk Kalium Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Galur F7 Kacang Kedelai (Glycine max L.) Arvita Netti Sihaloho; Irawaty Rosalyne; Dita Ramadhani
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.101530

Abstract

One of the essential macro nutrients that is highly needed in plant growth because its function cannot be replaced by other nutrients is Potassium. Soybean plants require a high amount of potassium because the growth of soybean plants is greatly influenced by potassium. This study aims to obtain the best dose of Potassium fertiliser for one F7 soybean strain selected from several strains studied so that one selected strain can be obtained. The research was conducted from October 2023 to December 2023, at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Simalungun with an altitude of 400-500 m above sea level. Factorial Randomised Block Design with two factors was used in this study. The first factor was 5 F7 soybean strains (G) used, namely G1 = F7.5.82.87.166.71.35.1; G2 = F7.5.82.87.166.71.35.2; G3 = F7.5.82.87.166.71.35.3; G4 = F7.5.82.87.166.75.40.1; G5 = F7.5.82.87.184.12.75.38. The second factor of KCl fertiliser (K) used was three levels, namely K1 = 75 kg/ha (18 g/plot), K2 = 150 kg/ha (36 g/plot), K3 = 225 kg/ha (54 g/plot). There were 15 treatment combinations and each combination was repeated 3 times, resulting in 45 research plots. The parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of branches (branches), number of pods per plant (pods), seed weight per plant (g), seed weight per plot (kg) and 100 seed weight (g). If the analysis of variance shows an effect, the analysis will continue using the 5% BNT test. The results showed that the strain F7.5.82.87.166.71.35.2 was the selected strain to be continued because this strain interacted best with the dose of potassium fertiliser 225 kg/ha (54 gr/plot), by producing a large and significantly different correlation value between the number of branches to the number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant and seed weight per plot (0.944**, 0.936**, 0.873**).
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Bawang Bombay Merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap Total Fenolik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tanaman Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) Mirwa Adiprahara Anggarani; Dzikra Nasyaya Mahfudhah
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.101541

Abstract

Pemanfaatan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) sebagai langkah optimalisasi budidaya tanaman bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) yang khasiatnya telah dikenal massif di tengah-tengah masyarakat diperlukan untuk semakin meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas bunga telang, sehingga nilai ekonomi bunga telang juga akan semakin bertambah, utamanya dalam konteks budidaya tanaman dan pengembangan industri pertanian. Penggunaan ZPT alami yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan harga terjangkau jika dibandingkan dengan ZPT sintetik yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan dalam jangka panjang menjadi salah satu opsi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ZPT alami bawang bombay merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan bunga telang. Budidaya bunga telang dilaksanakan di Desa Burneh, Bangkalan Madura pada bulan Juni 2023 sampai Oktober 2023. Metode penelitian ini berbasis kuantitatif, dengan rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor, yakni variasi konsentrasi ZPT terdiri dari 0% sebagai kontrol, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, dan 10%, dimana masing-masing konsentrasi direplikasi 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ZPT alami berpengaruh positif terhadap total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan bunga telang, dimana hasil tertinggi diperoleh pada variasi konsentrasi ZPT 10% dengan total fenolik sebesar 21,570 mgGAE/g ekstrak dan nilai IC50 sebesar 51,04 ppm yang termasuk kategori antioksidan kuat.
Evaluasi Karakter Morfologi dan Agronomi 20 Genotipe Terong (Solanum melongena L.) Untuk Terong Berproduksi Tinggi Fella Novita; Listy Anggraeni; Lita Soetopo; Cipto Nugroho; Catur Hermanto
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.102267

Abstract

Eggplant production in Indonesia is still low, so characterization is expected to increase eggplant production by referring to the diversity of planting materials and breeding program. The characterization of 20 eggplant genotypes collected in East Java aims to determine the differences in morphological characteristics to be used as alternative new superior planting materials. The research was conducted in June-December 2021 with RBD and observations on 17 qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The 20 eggplant genotypes observed had different characteristics. Clustering analysis showed that 20 genotypes were divided into four groups based on fruit shape. PCA results show that genotypes G1, P2, and P1 are high-yielding genotypes. Plant characteristics determining high production were fruit yield per plant and fruit diameter, which correlated with the characteristics of flower number, plant height, fruit base shape, fruit stalk length, seed weight, and seed diameter.
Keragaman Karakteristik Pembungaan dan Hasil Beberapa Hibrida Semangka (Citrullus lanatus Thunb. Matsum. & Nakai) Hasil Persilangan Puncak Amarilla Aswat; PK Dewi Hayati; Sutoyo Sutoyo; Gustian Gustian; Cecep Taupik Hidayat; Kuswandi Kuswandi
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.102596

Abstract

Varietas semangka hibrida memiliki produktivitas dan keseragaman yang tinggi sehingga diminati oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi beberapa hibrida hasil persilangan antara galur inbrida dengan varietas Serif Saga Agrihorti (SSA) sebagai tetua jantan. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan, melibatkan 12 hibrida hasil topcross dan Serif Saga Agrihorti (SSA) sebagai satu varietas pembanding. Semua genotipe ditanam di lapangan dengan mengikuti praktik agronomi semangka yang standar. Karakteristik yang diamati meliputi waktu berbunga jantan dan betina, umur panen, serta diameter dan bobot buah, ketebalan kulit buah, tingkat kemanisan, dan jumlah biji fertil dan biji steril. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Variabilitas genotipik dan fenotipik, heritabilitas dan koefisien korelasi genotipik dan fenotipik  karakter, diestimasi berdasarkan partisi nilai ragam dari ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabilitas genetik yang luas pada karakter umur berbunga jantan dan betina, serta bobot buah. Nilai duga heritabilitas yang tinggi diperoleh pada karakter umur berbunga jantan dan betina, bobot buah, diameter buah dan jumlah biji fertil. Empat genotipe hibrida yaitu G1, G6, G8, dan G10, menunjukkan bobot buah dan tingkat kemanisan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas SSA. Berdasarkan heritabilitas yang tinggi pada karakter bobot buah, maka keempat hibrida ini berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi varietas semangka hibrida baru atau dimanfaatkan sebagai populasi dasar untuk perakitan varietas bersari bebas. 
Korelasi Karakter Morfologis dengan Fisiologis Biji Famili Asteraceae di Kaki Gunung Ungaran Theresia Bianca Lucretia Olivia; Sri Widodo Agung Suedy; Endang Saptiningsih
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.102886

Abstract

The Asteraceae family has a wide distribution supported by its adaptive capabilities, including seed morphological traits that influence physiological performance. This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics, physiological performance of seeds, and their correlation in members of the Asteraceae family at the foothills of Mount Ungaran. The findings of this study can also be applied and provide opportunities for further research on seed physiology, particularly in Asteraceae species. The observed parameters in this study include morphological traits (growth habit, achene type, achene length, pappus type, and pappus length) and physiological traits (maturation period, imbibition, germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, and vigor) in Asteraceae species at the foothills of Mount Ungaran. The study employs analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to assess the significant influence of species differences on seed physiological traits and the strong correlation between morphological and physiological characteristics. Species variation significantly affects seed trait diversity, with morphology playing a crucial role in determining physiological performance and supporting adaptive strategies for survival.
Induksi dan Regenerasi Embrio Somatik Empat Jenis Ubi Kayu Menggunakan Beberapa Konsentrasi Pikloram Nur Hamidar Rahman; Alfia Annur Aini Azizi; Sri Hartati; Nonon Saribanon
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.103053

Abstract

Ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) merupakan tanaman pokok penting di negara tropis. Di Indonesia, komoditas ini merupakan bahan pangan yang sangat popular dan banyak digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk berbagai produk pangan olahan dan industri. Produksi kalus embriogenik yang dapat beregenerasi akan berguna dalam program pemuliaan bioteknologi untuk perbanyakan tanaman. Frekuensi tinggi pada pembentukan kalus embriogenik merupakan langkah kunci dalam sistem regenerasi ubi kayu khususnya untuk mendukung program pemuliaan modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi pikloram terhadap pembentukan kalus dan regenerasi embrio somatik pada empat jenis ubi kayu. Leaf lobe yang berasal dari kultur in vitro digunakan sebagai eksplan untuk menginduksi kalus embriogenik pada media dasar MS dengan empat tingkat konsentrasi pikloram yaitu 3 mg/l, 5 mg/l, 10 mg/l, dan 12 mg/l. Evaluasi efisiensi produksi embrio somatik dilakukan berdasarkan persentase kalus embriogenik yang terbentuk dalam setiap perlakuan. Kalus embrio somatik selanjutnya dipindahkan ke media maturasi MSN ( 1 mg/ml MS+NAA +1 mg/l  CuSO4.) Setelah tumbuh kotiledon pada media MSN, dipindahkan ke media MS yang mengandung 1 mg/l BAP.  Pendewasaan tunas dilakukan pada media MS tanpa ZPT selama 5 -7 minggu. Aklimatisasi dilakukan pada media tanam yang terdiri dari tanah:kompos (1:1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan media MS yang mengandung pikloram pada konsentrasi 3 mg/l, 5 mg/l, 10 mg/l, dan 12 mg/l dapat menginduksi pembentukan kalus dari eksplan leaf lobe ubi kayu Adira 4, Carvita 25, Manggu dan Menti menghasilkan persentase eksplan berkalus 100 %, sedangkan pada media kontrol (tanpa pikloram)  tidak menghasilkan kalus. Pada semua konsentrasi pikloram yang diuji, keempat jenis ubi kayu dapat membentuk kalus embriogenik. Persentase pembentukan kalus embriogenik tertinggi yaitu sebesar 83,3% diperoleh pada media MS yang mengandung 5 mg/l pikloram untuk Carvita 25 dan Menti. Waktu tercepat untuk pembentukan kalus  embriogenik  adalah 12 hari dan paling lama adalah 51 hari. Formulasi media untuk regenerasi ubi kayu melalui jalur embrio somatik yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini akan bermanfaat untuk produksi bibit ubi kayu dan juga bisa digunakan untuk transformasi genetik untuk perbaikan kualitas ubi kayu.
Monitoring Ekspresi Gen Chalcone Synthase dan Respon Pertumbuhan Lobak Singgalang (Brassica oleracea L.) Akibat Paparan Ultraviolet-B Ekstrem Puti Khairunnajwa Amar; Mansyurdin Mansyurdin; Nova Syafni; Ersa Nur Syafia; Muhammad Idris
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.103190

Abstract

Singgalang cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is a local vegetable native to West Sumatra, cultivated in highlands around Mount Singgalang, Tanah Datar. Vegetables from Brassica genus are recognized for their high nutritional value and potential as functional foods. Key secondary metabolites in Brassica species, i.e., phenolic compounds and their derivatives, play a crucial role in antioxidant activity and are essential in promoting health. Light exposure, particularly ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm), can enhance biosynthesis of these compounds. UV-B intensity affects various process in plants including the phenylpropanoid pathway involved in secondary metabolite production. This study aimed to assess the expression of the CHALCONE SYNTHASE (CHS) gene under different UV-B intensities (0.3–3.0 µmol·m-2·s-1, 4 h) and examine the effects of two extreme UV-B intensities (0.3 and 3.0 µmol·m-2·s-1, 4h.d-1) in a controlled environment for 14 days. The results showed that increasing UV-B intensity enhanced CHS expression (1.0 and 3.0 µmol·m-2·s-1 showed thicker bands compared to 0.3 µmol·m-2·s-1, with a faint band in the control). Extreme UV-B exposure reduced chlorophyll content by 35–37% compared to the control, while carotenoids remained unaffected. Anthocyanin accumulation increased under low-intensity UV-B, whereas flavonoid levels were higher under high-intensity UV-B, suggesting different functional roles. UV-B exposure also influenced stomatal number and density in leaf. This preliminary study highlights the significant role of UV-B in enhancing specific metabolites in Singgalang cabbage, supporting its potential as a functional food.
Evaluasi Induksi Umbi Mikro secara In Vitro pada Beberapa Kultivar Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. kelompok Aggregatum) pada Kondisi Sukrosa Tinggi Nofiya Ruswanti; Widhi Dyah Sawitri; Muhammad Idris; Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani; Ani Widiastuti
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.103197

Abstract

Development of microbulb in shallots (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) is induced by adding a higher sucrose content to the in vitro culture medium. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate microbulb formation by enhancing the sucrose concentration up to 8%. The ‘Sanren’ cultivar was used as a model to observe the effect of additional sucrose treatment, between 3% (P1) and 8% (P2), in Murashige and Skoog (MS0) media over ten weeks. The result showed that microbulbs in the ‘Sanren’ cultivar developed successfully in the P2 treatment. Following these findings, several other shallot cultivars— ‘Lokananta’, ‘Maserati’, and ‘Merdeka’—were assessed using the 8% sucrose concentration to trigger microbulb formation. The microbulbs initially formed following a color change at the plant’s basal part eight weeks after planting. Difference in response regarding plant height and microbulb weight were observed among the cultivars. Plant height was greater in the ‘Sanren’ than in ‘Lokananta’ and ‘Maserati’ at eight weeks after planting. At ten weeks after planting, ‘Maserati’ and ‘Merdeka’ exhibited the highest microbulb weight. In this study, we assumed that each cultivar has a differing ability to absorb the carbon source, which in turn affects the development of microbulb formation in the in vitro medium. The higher sucrose content in the in vitro medium mimics the condition where photosynthates are translocated to the basal plant, leading to shallot microbulb formation. This innovation has the potential to facilitate efficient in vitro microbulb production through the addition of 8% sucrose. 
Pengaruh Aplikasi Eco Enzyme dan Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) terhadap Peningkatan HasiI, Padatan Total Terlarut (PTT) dan Vitamin C Alya Balqis Andika; Siti Hafsah; Ainun Marliah
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.103793

Abstract

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) is the third largest horticulture group in Indonesia. However, the import rate is still high in Indonesia due to low domestic production. Fertilization and the use of superior varieties are efforts to increase production. However, inorganic fertilizers still dominate maize cultivation. As a result, microorganisms that should be an essential unit in the availability of plant nutrients are threatened. This research was conducted to find out the effect of eco enzyme application and several varieties of sweet corn on increasing sugar content and vitamin C in the field. In this research was used a split plot randomized group design (RGD) with 2 factors and 3 times repetition. The main plot factor in this research was 4 varieties and the subplot factor was 3 levels of eco enzyme concentration. As the results of the research is the varieties of sweet corn plants gave a significant effect on several parameters of observation. Bonanza variety produced better Total Dissolved Solids, while Paragon variety produced better growth and vitamin C characteristics. The concentration of eco enzyme didn’t give an effect on all parameters. Concentration of eco enzyme 20 mI I-1 of water gave better growth characteristics and cob weight. The concentration of eco-enzyme and sweet corn varieties has a most significant interaction on the number of cobs per plot. The best combination was Paragon variety and eco enzyme concentration of 10 mI I-1 of water which made more cobs per plot.
Pengaruh Naungan dan Panjang Stek terhadap Iklim Mikro dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Bayam Brazil (Alternanthera sissoo) Ade Sumiahadi; Abi Mayu Wisesa
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.103992

Abstract

Brazilian spinach originated from the American continent and has not been widely cultivated in Indonesia. Its narrow land urban farming development is constrained by low light-intensity conditions that prevent Brazilian spinach from growing optimally. The research aimed to study the effects of shade and cutting length on the growth of Brazilian spinach plants. The research was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture UMJ. The research used a split-plot design with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) as the environmental design. The treatment used as the main plot was shade consisting of no shade, 45% paranet shade, and 65% paranet shade, while the length of cuttings became a subplot consisting of 5 cm, 7 cm, and 12 cm. The treatment combinations formed are nine, and were repeated 3 times. The results showed that shading increased humidity and decreased temperature and light intensity in the plant microenvironment. At the end of the study, in general, the provision of paranet shade up to 65% did not significantly affect Brazilian spinach plants' growth except for plant height and root length. The cutting length had no significant effect on all observed variables. The use of 5 cm cutting length is recommended because it is considered more efficient in providing cutting material. There were no interaction effects between shade and cutting length on the growth of Brazilian spinach plants.

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