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Vegetalika
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 23024054     EISSN : 26227452     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Vegetalika ISSN (Cetak): 2302-4054 dan ISSN (Online): 2622-7452 adalah open access jurnal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah berupa gagasan dan hasil penelitian. Topik publikasi berkaitan dengan disiplin ilmu Agronomi mencakup Manajemen dan Produksi Tanaman, Hortikultura, Ekologi Tanaman, Fisiologi Tanaman, Genetika dan Pemuliaan, Teknologi Benih, Bioteknologi Tanaman, dan Biostatistika.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 479 Documents
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Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk NPK dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh terhadap Kesuburan Tanah, Kadar Fenolik dan Perkembangan Bunga Krisan Pada Dataran Rendah Refa Firgiyanto; Fadil Rohman; Hanif Fatur Rohman; Leli Kurniasari; Adi Rastono; Ade Sumiahadi; Sinta Dwi Rahma; Mellya Dwi Citra Khysswari
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.108934

Abstract

Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum spp.) are a floricultural commodity with high economic value and widespread demand as both cut flowers and ornamental plants. However, chrysanthemums generally grow optimally in highlands with cool temperatures, so their cultivation in lowlands faces various physiological constraints, such as decreased flower quality, delayed flowering, and impaired nutrient absorption.  This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different NPK fertilizer dosages and types of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on soil nutrient availability (N, P, K), phenolic content, and flowering development of chrysanthemums cultivated in lowlands. The research was conducted in July–October 2024 at the greenhouse of the Jember State Polytechnic Plant Laboratory (±89 m above sea level) using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: NPK 16-16-16 fertilizer dosage (N1 = 4 g/L, N2 = 5 g/L, N3 = 6 g/L) and PGR types (P1 = paclobutrazol, P2 = gaviota, P3 = BAP). The observed variables included soil NPK content, leaf phenolics, flower number, flower diameter, and chlorophyll. The results showed that PGR had a more dominant effect than fertilizer dosage. The N3P3 treatment produced the highest phenolic content (0.257%), while the N1P1 combination increased soil nitrogen accumulation (0.566%), and the N2P3 combination provided the highest phosphorus (0.338%) and potassium (0.190%). The NPK fertilizer dosage did not significantly affect all parameters, while PGR significantly affected the flowering time and flower number. No interaction was found between the two treatment factors.
Uji Konsentrasi Metabolit Sekunder Bakteri Bacillus sp. terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum sp. Pada Benih Cabai Rawit Metode Blotter Test Nurul Afida; Arika Purnawati; Tri Mujoko
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.108950

Abstract

Low-quality seeds can negatively affect the success of agricultural practices by reducing yield and increasing susceptibility to pathogen infection. Pathogens may infect seeds starting from the field, during transportation, and throughout storage. The utilization of Bacillus sp. as a biological control agent has been extensively studied due to its ability to produce secondary metabolites with antifungal properties. This study aimed to determine the effective concentration level of secondary metabolites of Bacillus sp. Bth-22 in suppressing Colletotrichum sp. infection on chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) seeds using the blotter test method. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor consisting of concentration levels (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%), sterile distilled water, and the chemical fungicide propineb as controls. The results showed that treatment with various concentrations of secondary metabolites of Bacillus sp. Bth-22 significantly affected the infection level, with concentrations of 30% (G) at 36%; 25% (F) and KP (B) at 38.6%; 20% (E) at 40%; 15% (D) at 42.6%; and 10% (C) at 44%, compared with the negative control. In addition, treatments also suppressed infection levels, with 30% (G) at 43.3%; 25% (F) and KP (B) at 39.3%; 20% (E) at 37%; 15% (D) at 33.6%; and 10% (C) at 31%. Furthermore, application of Bacillus sp. Bth-22 secondary metabolites induced abnormalities in fungal hyphae, such as curling, twisting, and bending, indicating antifungal activity of the bioactive compounds produced by Bacillus sp. Bth-22.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Empat Kultivar Jagung Hibrida (Zea mays L.) dengan perlakuan pemupukan Nitrogen dalam sistem Agroforestri Kayu Putih (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) Sara Juanita Christanty; Taufan Alam; Dody Kastono
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.109576

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the primary food crops and is widely utilized across various sectors. Cultivating maize under cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi) stands often faces nutrient deficiency problems, primarily due to clay-textured soils with alkaline pH, which can limit the availability of both macro- and micronutrients, especially nitrogen. Nitrogen deficiency in maize significantly reduces its productivity. This study aimed to examine the growth and yield responses of four hybrid maize cultivars to nitrogen fertilization and to determine the optimum nitrogen dosage within an agroforestry system. The research was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025 in Srikoyo Hamlet, Bleberan Village, Playen Subdistrict, Gunung Kidul District, Yogyakarta Special Region Province, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged using a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor consisted of four hybrid maize varieties: ADV Jago, NK 212, Pioneer 89, and R7 Gold. The second factor was urea fertilizer dosage: 0, 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha. Results showed that the productivity response of ADV Jago followed a quadratic pattern, while NK 212, R7 Gold, and Pioneer 89 exhibited a linear response. The optimum nitrogen dose for ADV Jago was 356.67 kg/ha, yielding a maximum productivity of 6.03 tons/ha, which represents an 83.28% increase compared to the unfertilized control. Meanwhile, application of 450 kg/ha nitrogen to NK 212, R7 Gold, and Pioneer 89 resulted in respective productivities of 6.65; 6.22; and 6.83 tons/ha, reflecting increases of 45.51%; 159.2%; and 123.93% compared to no nitrogen application, respectively.
Respon Eksplan Tunas Homalomena rubescens terhadap Kualitas Cahaya dan Efeknya pada Pengayaan Metabolit Sekunder Zikra Lareta Putri; Zozy Aneloi Noli; M Idris
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.109720

Abstract

Homalomena rubescens (Araceae) is an ornamental plant known for its distinctive aroma from the roots, rhizomes, and leaves. Species of the genus Homalomena are rich in secondary metabolites with potential pharmaceutical applications, including anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. Enrichment of secondary metabolites in plants can be achieved through environmental modifications, e.g. light quality. In vitro techniques, particularly the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), are valuable for studying the effects of light quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of monochromatic light (blue; 400-500 nm and red; 600-700 nm) on the growth and secondary metabolite enrichment in H. rubescens shoots. Additionally, the response of two Homalomena species (H. rubescens and H. pendula) to callus induction under different light treatments was assessed. Polychromatic light (white; 400-700 nm) served as positive control, while total darkness acted as the negative control. Light treatments were applied during a 12-hour photoperiod. Results showed that red light enhanced shoot initiation, leading to a higher number of shoots, while blue light promoted increased shoot height and resulted in darker green shoots. Phytochemical analysis indicated that blue light enhanced the accumulation of flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids. Additionally, blue light improved callus induction in both species. These findings suggest that red light is more effective in promoting shoot growth, while blue light supports secondary metabolite enrichment.
Pengaruh Nutrisi Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelayakan Finansial Bibit Cabe Merah Keriting (Capsicum annuum L.) Cahyaningtyas Putri Suhita; Desy Setyaningrum; Febry Nurhidayati; Anditya Gilang Rizky; Edi Paryanto; Hardian Ningsih; Didik Suryadi; Dewi Nawang Suprihatin; Zainal Arifin; Dimar Hantari; Wiwid Wulandari
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.110319

Abstract

The cultivation of curly red chili peppers in Central Java has experienced a decline due to several factors, one of which is seedling quality. This study aimed to analyze the effect of nutrient application and the feasibility of farming practices in curly red chili pepper seedling production. The research was conducted in Jumantono District, Karanganyar Regency, in June 2025 under tropical microclimatic conditions, with average air temperatures ranging from 22–31 °C and monthly rainfall of approximately 150–200 mm. The experimental design employed a one-factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) with variations in rice washing water nutrient concentrations, consisting of 0 ml (control), 5 ml, and 10 ml, each replicated three times. The application of rice washing water nutrients affected seedling height growth at both the third and sixth weeks after planting. The treatment did not significantly influence stem diameter or leaf number but had a significant effect on seedling height at the third and sixth weeks. The feasibility analysis of curly red chili pepper seedling farming indicated that the application of rice washing water at a dose of 10 ml yielded the most optimal results in terms of profitability and cost efficiency, suggesting its potential as a simple and economical alternative nutrient source for improving seedling quality.
Optimasi Asam Humat Gambut dan Dosis Pemupukan untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Bawang Merah di Lahan Pasang Surut A. Haitami; Wahyudi Wahyudi; Nariman Hadi
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.111489

Abstract

Tidal areas have significant potential for shallot cultivation, but are hampered by soil acidity and low nutrient availability. This study aimed to determine the effect of peat humic acid and NPK fertilizer on shallot growth and productivity in tidal areas. This study used a Split-Plot factorial design with two factors: The main plot is the dose of peat humic acid consisting of 4 treatment levels, namely without peat humic acid (control), 0,08 g/plant, 0,16 g/plant, and 0,32 g/plant, while the subplot is the fertilizer dose consisting of 4 treatment levels, namely without fertilization (control), 75 kg Urea ha⁻¹ + 75 kg ZA ha⁻¹ + 125 kg SP-36 ha⁻¹ + 75 kg KCl ha⁻¹, 100 kg Urea ha⁻¹ + 100 kg ZA ha⁻¹ + 175 kg SP-36 ha⁻¹ + 100 kg KCl ha⁻¹, and 125 kg Urea ha⁻¹ + 125 kg ZA ha⁻¹ + 225 kg SP-36 ha⁻¹ + 125 kg KCl ha⁻¹. The parameters observed included plant height, number of tubers, fresh tuber weight, dry tuber weight, number of tillers, and productivity. The results showed that peat humic acid and NPK fertilization each had a very significant effect on all growth parameters and yield, but no significant interaction was found between the two factors. The best results were obtained in the combination treatment of peat humic acid 3 g/plant and NPK fertilizer 75% of the recommended dose, which resulted in a plant height of 34,05 cm, 9 tubers per plant, fresh tuber weight of 71 g, dry tuber weight of 60 g, 5,10 tillers per plant, and a productivity of 10 tons/ha. Soil analysis showed a neutral pH of 7,53, a very high organic C content of 26,19 mg/L, and adequate macronutrient content. These results indicate that the application of peat humic acid 3 g/plant combined with 75% of the recommended dose of NPK fertilizer is the optimal combination for shallot cultivation in tidal land, achieving a productivity increase of 97,69% compared to the control without treatment.
Peningkatan Aktivitas Enzim Metabolisme Sukrosa dan Glikolisis pada Tanaman Padi Transgenik Overekspresi Gen SoSPS1 Ferdi Hariyanto; Bambang Sugiharto; Netty Ermawati; Wahyu Indra Duwi Fanata
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.114798

Abstract

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SPS) is a key enzyme in the sucrose biosynthesis pathway and plays an essential role in regulating sucrose accumulation in plants. Overexpression of the SPS gene has been reported to enhance sucrose accumulation and growth in various plant species. However, its effects on the dynamics of sucrose-metabolising and glycolytic enzymes in rice remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to analyze the activities of sucrose metabolism enzymes, including SPS, invertases (acid and neutral), sucrose synthase (SuSy), and the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase (HXK) in transgenic rice plants overexpressing the SoSPS1 gene. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with five genotypes, one of which was the wild type, and four transgenic rice lines, T4, T6, T8, and T9, with four replicates. The results showed that overexpression of the SoSPS1 gene led to significant increases in plant height and biomass, as well as markedly enhanced SPS activity in all transgenic rice plants compared to the wild type. Invertase activity (A-INV and N-INV) did not differ significantly among genotypes. In contrast, SuSy activity increased dramatically in transgenic lines T6, T8, and T9, suggesting that sucrose degradation in response to the genetic modification is primarily regulated through SuSy. The increase in SuSy activity was accompanied by the rise in HXK activity in the same lines (T6, T8, and T9). These results indicate that HXK subsequently phosphorylate hexose sugars, which may act as substrates for cellulose synthesis and activate the transcription factors that lead to higher biomass production. Overall, this study demonstrates that overexpression of SoSPS1 influences carbon flux and sugar metabolism, providing deeper insights into the relationship among sucrose biosynthesis, sugar sensing, and biomass enhancement in transgenic rice.
Evaluasi Daya Gabung, Heterosis, dan Heterobeltiosis Hasil Persilangan Half Diallel Capsicum annuum L. Undang Undang; Wahyu Trimulyono Safudin; Arifah Rahayu; Setyono Setyono
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.116534

Abstract

Low chili yields in Indonesia are triggered by poor seed quality, inefficient cultivation practices, and high levels of pest and disease attacks. As a solution, plant breeding programs are implemented to improve the quality of genetic traits. This study aims to evaluate GCA, SCA, and heterosis and heterobeltiosis values from half-diallel crosses involving five chili parents. Using a one-factor RCBD, this study tested 15 genotypes (5 parents and 10 hybrids) with three replications. The analysis results showed significant differences in GCA and SCA values across all parameters. Genotype F7.110005 showed the best DGU value in almost all vegetative and generative characters observed, Ungara was superior in fruit diameter (1,92), fruit flesh thickness (0,25) and number of seeds (7,52), Viola in flowering age (-4,10) and harvest age (-3,97) earlier, F12.145291 in number of fruits (32,41), Adelina in leaf width (0,24). The Ungara x Adelina hybrid had the highest frequency of positive values in the parameters of DGK, heterosis, and heterobeltiosis. Meanwhile, the F7.110005 x Adelina hybrid had the highest DGK value in the leaf length character (0,92), although it had some negative heterosis values. Both of these cross combinations are recommended for the development of superior hybrid varieties.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk Mikro Zinc (Zn) dan Copper (Cu) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Sutan Tarmizi Lubis; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Lisa Kawispa Ananda; Azhari Muklis
Vegetalika Vol 15, No 2 (2026): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.116862

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a Zn–Cu compound micronutrient fertilizer on growth, yield components, productivity, and nutrient use efficiency of Servo tomato. The field experiment was conducted in Srigading Village, Sanden Subdistrict, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from January to April 2025. Treatments were arranged in a single-factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight fertilization levels and four replications, combining NPK fertilizer with graded doses of Zn+Cu micronutrient fertilizer. Soil nutrient analyses were conducted before and after planting, while leaf tissue nutrient analysis was performed prior to harvest. Observed parameters included vegetative growth, yield components, Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE), and fertilizer-use efficiency. The results showed that the combination of micronutrient fertilizer and NPK significantly enhanced nutrient uptake and yield. The highest Cu uptake was obtained in treatment P7 (¾ NPK dose + 1.5 micronutrient dose) at 0.08137 g ha-1, while the highest Zn uptake was recorded in P4 (1 NPK dose + 1 micronutrient dose) at 0.24696 g ha-1. Treatment P7 increased branch number up to three branches per plant and produced the highest yield of 39.50 t ha-1. The RAE value exceeded 100%, indicating that the tested fertilizer was 209.38% as effective as the standard fertilization. These findings highlight that the synergy and balance between macro- and micronutrients play a more critical role in determining productivity than the high uptake of a single nutrient alone.

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