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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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Occurrence of qnr Gene in Diarrheagenic Ciprofloxacin¬-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Acute Diarrhea Thanaa R. Abdulrahman
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Background: Quinolone resistance Escherichia coli have been dramatically increased in last years. This resistance occurs either by chromosomal, or plasmid-mediated. The plasmid-mediated Quinolone resistance (qnr) gene which encompasses five different groups including qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, and qnrS has been shown to aid resistance to fluoroquinolones. Objective: To estimate the occurrence of qnr among Diarrheagenic E coli strains isolated from patients with acute diarrhea. Methods:  This study included 43 E. coli clinical isolates recovered from 304 fresh stool specimens which were collected from patients presenting with acute diarrhea. Stool samples were plated onto MacConkey agar for 24 hr at 37ºC. The susceptibility and resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Nalidixic acid for all bacterial isolates were identified by standard procedures such as disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration. DNA was extracted from plasmids using commercial kits and then, the molecular diagnosis was performed with Multi-Plex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using specific primers for qnr genes. Results:  Culture result revealed that E. coli was isolated from 43(14.1%) of 304 stool samples. Among these, 12 isolates were resistant to both nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.  There were 18 qnr genes among these isolates. The qnrA gene was the most common (8/18, 44.4%) followed by qnrB (6/18, 33.3%), whereas qnrS gene represented only 4/18 (22.2%) of the total gens.  Conclusion: there is an increase in the occurrence of quinolone resistance among Diarrheagenic E. coli which harbored multiple plasmids profile. The most common gene for quinolone resistance in current study was qnrA gene.Keywords:  Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Quinolone resistance (qnr) genes, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid.
Incidence of EBV and HTLV-1 Infection Associated With Leukemia Patients Ali Hussein Al-Marzoqi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 09 Issue 12
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Abstract

Multidrug insurance (MDR) in hurt cells is a phenotype whereby cells show decreased affectability to anticancer arrangements, in setting of a blend of instruments, joining a development in persevering efflux, the diminishment of pharmaceutical take-up, the incitation of cell change and survival hailing, the advance of DNA repair, and the impediment of apoptosis hailing. Widened verbalization of the plasma layer quiet efflux pumps, the ATP-confining tape (ABC) transporters, is associated with MDR. P-Glycoprotein/ABCB1 is a man from the ABC transporter family, and animates the efflux of various anticancer meds, including anthracyclines, vinca alkaloids, epipodophyllotoxins, taxanes, and kinase inhibitors, from cells. Infections by herpesviruses are enduring considers in patients being supervised for wearisome leukemia and those encountering bone marrow transplantation. Reactivation of endogenous sit without moving sullying caused by the immunosuppressive and cytotoxic effects of cytoreductive pharmaceuticals is a normal instrument of infection. With HTLV-1 securing of exogenous contamination by transfusion of blood things containing sickness and from the bone marrow join by restraint of bone marrow transplantation can happen.Keywords: Human T-lymphotropic Virus; Herpesvirus; ABC; MDR.
Fundamental Aspects of Superdisintegrants: A Concise Review Gannu Praveen Kumar
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 04 Issue 02: (2012) February 2012
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Abstract

Disintegrants are substances or mixture of substances added to the drug formulation that facilitates the breakup or disintegration of tablet or capsule content into smaller particles that dissolve more rapidly than in the absence of disintegrants. An oral solid dosage form should deally disperse into the primary particles from which it is prepared. The inclusion of the right disintegrant is a prerequisite to get optimal bioavailability in tablets and capsules which need rapid disintegration. Superdisintegrants are used to improve the efficacy of solid dosage forms. This is achieved by decreasing the disintegration time which in turn enhances the drug dissolution rate. Superdisintegrants are generally used at a low level in the solid dosage form, typically 1-10 % by weight relative to the total weight of the dosage unit. Examples of Superdisintegrants are crosscarmelose, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate which represent example of a crosslinked cellulose, crosslinked polymer and a crosslinked starch respectively. This review comprises various kinds of superdisintegrants, which are being used in the formulation to provide safe and effective drug delivery with patient's compliance. Keywords: Disintegrants, Tablets, Superdisintegrants.
Application of Cinnamaldehyde-Chitosan Coating to Prolong Shelf-Life of Grapefruit (Citrus Maxima) N. P. Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

Grapefruit (Citrus Maxima) is one of the most important citrus fruit cultivated in Vietnam. Its stability is quite short under ambient temperature. The edible coating could keep textural properties, sensory appearance and control respiration rate of fruits by functioning as a semipermeable vapor and gas barrier to regulate the moisture and gases in the package. Chitosan is recognized as safe and has been widely applied as a successful carrier for incorporating with the antimicrobial agents. The objective of this research was to prolong the fresh fruit quality of grapefruit by using cinnamaldehyde-chitosan coating. The results indicated that 1.0% cinnamaldehyde-chitosan application could maintain the highest fruit quality properties such as weight loss, decay rate, firmness, sugar, acidity, and vitamin C. By this application, the storage life of grapefruit could be extended to 28 days under ambient temperature.Keywords: Grapefruit, cinnamaldehyde, chitosan, coating, storage.
The Effect of Extract Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) to Placental Vessels, Placental Weight and Fetal Birth Weight in Preeclampsia Rat Model Nur Permatasari
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 06 (2020) June 2020
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Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia, which is one of the specific diseases of pregnancy at the age of 20 weeks. Preeclampsia is due to the vascular abnormalities of placenta that can cause chronic hypoxia of the placenta and the fetus's nutritional disorder, causing impaired function of the placenta, and fetal development during pregnancy. Physalis angulata L. contains antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory effects in improving placental function and preventing nutritional disorders in the fetus. The study aims to determine the effect of Physalis angulata L. against the number of placental blood vessels (capillaries), the weight of placenta and birth weight fetus on the preeclampsia rat model. Methods: The research is an experimental laboratory study conducted in vivo design consisting of five groups; Negative control group, positive control group (preeclampsia rat model), preeclampsia rat treatment group with therapeutic dose 1, dose 2, and dose 3 (500mg/kg/BB; 1500mg/kg/BB; 2500mg/kg/BB). Counting the number of capillaries with the H&E stain method, the placenta weight and the fetus weight is measured immediately using analytical balances. Data analysis using One-way Annova test. Result: The results showed significant difference of capillaries p value < 0.05 (p = 0,000), the placenta weight p value < 0.05 (0.025), and the birth fetal weight p value < 0.05 (0.002). Conclusion: Physalis angulata L. can be a potential antioxidant in preeclampsia through increased eNOS and NO level which can improve the function of the placenta in preeclampsia rats so that the number of placenta capillaries increased, while the placenta weight and the fetal weight increased. Keyword: Preeclampsia, Placenta Vessels (capillaries), Placenta Weight, Fetal Weight, eNOS, NO
The Seroprevalence of Parvovirus B19 among Pregnant Women with Spontaneous Abortion in Thi-Qar province, Iraq Khalid R. Majeed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Background: Parvovirus B19 (B19 V) is a pathogenic for humans and the cause of erythema infectiosum, a common rash of childhood. B19 infection also causes severe disease such as chronic anemia in immunocompromised patients; aplastic crisis in the fetus can lead to cardiac failure, nonimmune hydrops, and fetal death in pregnant women.  Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin (IgM, IgG) to Parvovirus B19 in pregnant women with spontaneous abortion.  Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out in 100 pregnant women who referred due to a spontaneous abortion that attended at Bunt AL- Huda hospital for maternity and children in Thi-Qar province, Iraq. Then, the blood samples were tested to assay of anti-human B19 specific IgM, and IgG using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DRG-Elisa kit, Germany). Furthermore, a questionnaire filled for all participants during samples collection. Results: Among study group the mean age was 27.35 years, with an age range 17-40 years. Seropositivity rate was 34% (34 cases) for an individual occurrence of human parvovirus B19 IgM alone and 38% (38 cases) for a similar individual rate of human parvovirus B19 IgG, Meanwhile,12 cases (12%) had both types of antibodies. There was no significant difference between the presence of antibody and age of pregnant women, gestational age, number of previous abortion, presence of children below the age of six. Conclusion: The results of this study showed (84%) of studied participants had a high susceptibility to parvovirus B19 in a way similar to that found in most countries. And also there might be a number of spontaneous abortions in which parvovirus infection caused fetal death. However, more studies are needed to prove the absolute role of parvovirus B19 in these abortions.Keywords: Pregnant women, Spontaneous abortion, Human parvovirus B19, ELISA.
The Effect of Assertiveness Training Skill on Feelings of Happiness and Mental Health of Students in Iran Bahram Gheitarani
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 08 Issue 01
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Abstract

Background and objective: Assertiveness is one skill that it can change interpersonal relations and cause happiness. Hence, the aim of present study is the effect of assertiveness training skill on feelings of happiness and mental health of students.Methods and materials: The method in this study is empirical method with control group. Statistical population in this study consists of all male high school students of Rudsar City by 2016. Among those students identified with low assertiveness by their teachers and those with low scores in Mental Health Questionnaire, 30 students were selected randomly and were placed in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received sessions of assertiveness training and control group was remained in waiting list. Both groups fulfilled Happiness Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) before and after intervention. Data analysis was done using analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS-22.Results: The results showed that there is significant difference statistically between two groups in terms of amount of happiness and mental health after training assertiveness training (p<0.01). Conclusion: Training assertiveness skill can enhance happiness and mental health of students.Key words: assertiveness methods, happiness, mental health
Synthesis, Characterization & Evaluation of Biological Efficiency of Some Transition Metal Complexes with Schiff Base E-3-(Phenylhydrazono) indolen-2-one Israa A. Al-H. Hamdan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 2: 2019
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Abstract

This work involved synthesis of Schiff base derivative from the condensation reaction of the phenylhydrazine with 1H-Indole-2, 3-dione (isatin). Metal complexes of the Schiff base ligand with Cu (II), Zn (II), Fe (III), Ni (II), and Mn (II) ions were prepared by reacting ligand with the metal salts in ethanol. The chemical structures of the ligand as well as the stereo-chemical structures and geometries of the studied metal complexes were suggested depending on the results obtained from CHN analysis, H-NMR, FT-IR spectrophotometer, Uv-vis electronic spectra, conductivity measurements, and magnetic measurements. The mole ratio of the ligand to the metal ion was 1:2 with bi-dentate bonding behaviors of the coordinating ligand with the metal ions. The Metal complexes of the Schiff base ligand that prepared show variety of bioactivity against three types of bacteria. Keywords: Isatin, Schiff Bases, Metal Complexes, Antibacterial activity, Data spectra.
Investigation And Testing Rabies Virologically In Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) and Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) Province, Indonesia Hamong Suharsono
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 08 (2019) Aug. 2019
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Abstract

Background: Rabies is still endemic in the working area of the Denpasar Veterinary Center. For this reason, it is still necessary to conduct ongoing rabies surveillance activities aimed at: detecting the presence of rabies virus in dogs at risk of contracting rabies which related to efforts of liberation rabies in Bali Province, detecting the possibility of rabies virus presence in dogs in NTB Province so that this area remains rabies-free, detected rabies virus in dogs in the Flores Island and surrounding areas related to rabies control activities in NTT Province. Method: Rabies surveillance in dogs is mainly carried out by taking samples of dog brains that are at risk of transmitting rabies. The sample examined by the Fluorescent Antibody Test (FAT) method. Results: In 2016, the number of animal brain samples examined by the Denpasar Veterinary Center was 2,066. In Bali Province, the number of animal brain samples examined was 1,480 samples, 206 / 1,480 (13.92%) samples were positive for rabies. Positive cases of rabies came from dogs 205/206 (99.51%) samples and cats 1/206 (0.49%) samples. The average number of rabies positive cases per month is 17 cases. This number decreased sharply compared to 2015 there were 44 cases, per month. The most common rabies cases were found in Buleleng Regency as many as 41 cases, caused by dogs that have not vaccinated. The number of dog brain samples from districts/cities in NTB Province was 417 samples; there was no rabies positive. While animal brain samples from districts/cities on Flores Island and Lembata, NTT Province were examined as many as 169 samples, 45/169 (26.63%) samples were positive for rabies. Positive cases of rabies came from 44/45 dogs (97.78%) samples and 1/45 goats (2.22%) samples. Conclusion: The results of this surveillance show that rabies is still endemic in the Province of Bali and islands around the island of Flores, NTT. Mass vaccination programs, a collaboration between government agencies, communication, information and education about rabies to the community still need to be improved. Until now the NTB Province is still free of rabies. Control of rabies infectious animal traffic to the NTB Province and rabies-free areas in NTT is still needed.Keywords: Brucellosis, BPT, CFT, Bali, NTB. NTT.
Newly Developed Method for Determination Indomethacin using Potassium Hexacyanoferrate (III) by using ISNAG-Fluorimeter Homemade via CFIA Proph Nagam Shakir Turkie
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 06: (2018) June 2018
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Abstract

A new, simple, sensitive and fast developed method for the determination of Indomethacin in pure form and drugs (capsule) by continuous flow injection diverged light. The method based on the reaction of the Indomethacin with Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) to form off-white precipitate, using homemade ISNAG- fluorimeter. Optimum parameter has been studied to increase the sensitivity for developed method. The linear dynamic range for the instrument response versus Indomethacin concentration was 0.01- 5mmol/L while the L.O.D was 320.222ng/sample from the step wise dilution for the minimum concentration of lowest concentration in the linear dynamic range of the calibration graph. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9952while percentage linearity (R2%) was 99.05%. RSD% for the repeatability (n=7) was lower than 0.5% for the determination of Indomethacin, with concentration of 1, 5 mmol/L respectively. The methods: developed method was applied successfully for the determination of Indomethacin in pharmaceutical tablets. A comparison was made between the newly developed methodology and the classical method (turbidometry) of analysis using the standard addition method via the use of paired t-test. It shows that there was no significant difference between the quoted values of each individual company with calculated t-value at 95% confidence interval from developed method.Keywords: Indomethacin, flow injection diverged light, homemade instrument.

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