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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
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Articles 547 Documents
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Phosphorus status of five wetlands in Edo State Edosomwan, Lawrence Nosa; Agbogun, Lucky; Agbonifo, Patience Osariemen
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.76569

Abstract

This experiment was performed to determine the phosphorus levels in certain wetland soils in Edo State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from five wetlands at two depths: 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm. The samples were air-dried, sieved, and analyzed to ascertain the physical and chemical properties of the soils using standard laboratory techniques. The findings indicated that the majority of soil pH levels were slightly acidic, ranging from 6.6 to 7.0 (neutral), with the exception of soils from Obiemen, Agwa, and Benin, which exhibited moderate acidity (4.2–4.8). Soils from Irrua (Obiemen and Agwa) and Benin (Ikpoba Okha) demonstrated elevated phosphorus content, with a P range of 11.41–15.70 mg/kg, whereas soils from Ekpoma (Opoji), Benin (Oka-Naruovia), and Benin (Orhiomwon) exhibited low phosphorus levels, ranging from 2.88 to 5.56 mg/kg. There was a direct relationship between soil pH and the available phosphorus content. Therefore, there is need to augment the soils with P-fertilizers for increase crop productivity.
Sweet corn windbreaker’s effect on microweather changes and increases growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) on the Samas coastal sandy land Ulfah, Fajarani; Indradewa, Didik; Respatie, Dyah Weny
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.85810

Abstract

High wind speed is one of the limiting factors for plant cultivation in coastal sandy land. To mitigate this, sweet corn, an annual plant, can be cultivated as a windbreaker. Water spinach is one of the short-lived plants cultivated by farmers in coastal sandy land. The study aimed to figure out the microweather change, growth, and yield of water spinach protected by sweet corn as windbreaker in various planting locations in Samas coastal sandy land. The research had been conducted in Samas coastal sandy land, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, from October to November 2022. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design non-factorial, containing five treatment levels and four repetitions. The treatment of the planting location of sweet corn as a windbreaker is without sweet corn, sweet corn positioned on the “east”, sweet corn on the “east and west”, sweet corn on the “south”, and sweet corn on the “south and north”. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the difference was marked, the data analysis was proceeded to Tukey HSD with α = 5%. The results showed that sweet corn windbreaker placed on the “east” was the most effective in decreasing wind speed, thereby modifying the microweather of water spinach plot by lowering air temperature and increasing air humidity and soil moisture content during November on the Samas coastal sandy land. Growth, dry matter accumulation, and water spinach yield increased, although the dry harvest index and fresh harvest index did not show any improvement.
Impact of organic matter and sand on soil characteristics, leaf area, and chlorophyll of sweet corn (Zea mays saccnutritionta Sturt) on Vertisol from Bojonegoro Sasongko, Purnomo Edi; Mindari, Wanti; Jayanti, Fara Amilia; Fatiha, Chosa Zahro
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.92816

Abstract

Vertisols contain clay minerals that expand significantly during the rainy season and shrink during the dry season. This condition causes changes in the availability of water and soil ions. This study aimed to examine the effect of adding organic matter (OM) and sand on changes in vertisols and plant growth. The study was conducted using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was 5 kinds of OM: control (B0), 15 tons of banana peel compost ha⁻¹ + cow dung (10:1) (B1), 15 tons of leaf litter compost ha⁻¹ (B2), 15 tons of water hyacinth compost ha⁻¹ + cow dung (1:1) (B3), and 1 ton of biochar ha⁻¹ (B4). The second factor was the provision of sand as much as 3 level, namely: 0% (P0), 20% (P1), and 40% (P2). Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. Sweet corn was used as a growth indicator. The observed soil chemical parameters were soil pH, organic C, NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻, and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) using standard methods. Leaf area was measured using the Arnon method. The results showed providing banana peel compost + cow dung with 40% sand increased the best NO₃⁻ and soil pH levels. The highest soil C-organic content was found in the treatment with aloe vera compost + cow dung and 0% sand. The best leaf area and plant chlorophyll levels were achieved using banana peel compost + cow dung with 20% sand.
Analysis of sweet corn growth and yield with the use of organic cow manure fertilizer Nurmalasari, Aprilia Ike; Supriyono, Supriyono; Linda, Franciska; Sukaya, Sukaya
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.94315

Abstract

Sweet corn is a horticultural crop that is widely cultivated and consumed by Indonesian people. Meeting the demand for sweet corn is still reliant on imports; therefore, increasing production by improving soil properties through proper fertilization. Cow manure with a content of N 2.33%, P 0.61%, and K 1.58% is able to add nutrients to the soil. This research aimed to obtain an optimum dose of organic fertilizer for sweet corn growth and yield. The doses of cow manure consisting of 5 levels: control, 10, 20, 30, and 40 tons ha⁻¹ were assigned in the randomized complete block design with 5 replications. Data analysis deployed analysis of variance (Anova) at 5% level, and if there were significant differences, it would be proceeded to Duncan Multiple Range Test  5% and orthogonal polynomial. The results showed that a dose of 20 tons ha⁻¹ was able to increase growth in plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves by 12.92%, 26.29%, and 15.67%, respectively, compared to the control. A dose of 35 tons ha⁻¹ can produce a weight of cob-husk and cob without-husk per plot, respectively, 4.38 kg plot⁻¹ and 2.64 kg plot⁻¹, and a productivity of cob-husk of 5.30 tons ha⁻¹. A dose of 38 tons ha⁻¹ can produce a cob without-husk productivity of 3.29 tons ha⁻¹.
Exploration and characteristic of the local cassava accessions from Central Sulawesi Amin, Mirawanty; Syafruddin, Syafruddin; Saidah, Saidah; Suwitra, I Ketut; Negara, Abdi; Ardjanhar, Asni; Asnawi, Asnawi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.100627

Abstract

Cassava serves as a local food that contributes to food variety, enhancing food security and family nutrition. This is feasible due to Indonesia's extensive biodiversity, which facilitates the availability of varied and high-quality food. Each location has cassava with distinct properties. This research aimed to identify the presence of native cassava and their specific properties in Central Sulawesi. The used methodology included a survey and observation of plant agronomic and morphological characteristics, according to the General Guide for the Preparation of Food Crop Variety Descriptions established by the Centre for Plant Protection and Agricultural Licensing of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia. The investigation discovered three indigenous cassava accessions in Palolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi: Kahubi Bula, Kahubi Palolo 1, and Kahubi Palolo 2. The three accessions possess distinct morphological, agronomic, and nutritional properties. Kahubi Bula has a greater stem diameter, whereas Kahubi Palolo 2 exhibits the lowest tuber size. The cyanide levels in the three accessions exhibited the traits of cassava, characterized by a sweet flavour owing to their low concentrations: 0.07 for Kahubi Bula, 0.01 for Kahubi Palolo 1, and 0.08 for Kahubi Palolo 2.
Responses of the five shallot cultivars to salicylic acid treatment under stress drought conditions Khotimah, Khusnul; Randi, Mohammad Jusuf; Juwanda, Muhammad; Laela, Titin Nur
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.102184

Abstract

Salicylic acid is a growth hormone that has been widely used to induce resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant genotypes have different responses to drought stress conditions. This study aimed to analyze the response of five shallot cultivars to drought stress mediated by salicylic acid. A total of five shallot cultivars treated with salicylic acid were tested under drought stress conditions. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 factors, namely the first was the concentration of salicylic acid (0 mM, 0.5 mM, and 1 mM), the second was the shallot cultivar (Bima Brebes, Tajuk, Bauci, Super Philip and Bima Juna), and the third was drought stress (without drought stress and with drought stress). All collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the mean differences were compared using Duncan Multiple Range test (α = 95%). Observation variables included leaf length, leaf number, stomatal density, relative water content, total chlorophyll, and leaf proline content. Based on the results of the study, drought stress significantly decreased leaf length and leaf number, reduced chlorophyll content, relative water content and stomatal density, chlorophyll content, and increased proline content of the leaves. On the other hand, exogenous application of SA to drought stressed shallot plants improved morphophysiological characters of shallot. Application of 1 mM salicylic acid was the best concentration. The results of this study also obtained two cultivars that showed fairly consistent morphophysiological performance, namely Bima Juna and Tajuk cultivars. These two cultivars can be recommended as genetic materials in the assembly of drought-tolerant varieties mediated by salicylic acid.
Seed germination and growth of Joseph’s coat (Amaranthus tricolor L.) following exposure with Naphthalene-1-Acetic Acid (NAA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) Ilmam, Hadyan Pratama Lutfi; Dewi, Kumala
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.88687

Abstract

Amaranthaceae is a family of plants that can be used as vegetables and medicinal herbs. Amaranthus tricolor L. is commonly cultivated because it has fast growth rate and short life cycle that can be boosted by growth regulators such as auxins. A. tricolor L. is commonly cultivated because it has a fast growth rate and short life cycle. Growth regulators, such as auxins, can boost the growing process. This research aimed to study the effects of Naphthalene-1-Acetic Acid (NAA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) on the seed germination and growth of A. tricolor L. and to determine effective concentration of NAA or 2,4-D application to A. tricolor L. This research was arranged in a completely randomized design with exogenous hormones application as treatments. The treatments consisted of various concentrations of NAA and 2,4 D (0 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, and 80 ppm) applied to A. tricolor L. plants every two weeks. Germination test of A. tricolor L. was carried out for 14 days, and the application of NAA and 2,4-D on A. tricolor L. plant was given for 56 days. Observations were made on the plant height, fresh and dry weight, stomatal density, and the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid. Data analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with significance level of 5%. NAA treatment delayed seed germination by one day compared to control, while 2,4-D treatment inhibited germination for several days with the higher concentration of 2,4-D applied, the greater inhibition of seed germination. NAA of 10 ppm increased plant height, fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content, and leaf area of A. tricolor L. The application of NAA and 2,4-D reduced stomatal density and carotenoid content of A. tricolor L., with greater effects at higher concentrations of synthetic auxins. This research concluded that NAA or 2,4-D inhibited germination of A. tricolor L. seeds, NAA of 10 ppm effectively increased plant growth and chlorophyll content, but higher NAA concentrations inhibited growth. Application of 2,4-D with concentrations above 40 ppm could be lethal for A. tricolor L. 
Hydro-chemical characteristics and evaluation of water quality for irrigation purposes in the Madukismo Sugar Factory Area, Kasihan, Bantul Artiwiputri, Hayuning Endraswari; Pulungan, Nur Ainun Harlin Jennie; Gunadi, Rahmat
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.93894

Abstract

River water is crucial for irrigation requirements although it may be jeopardized by both natural phenomena and anthropogenic activity. The rice fields in Mrisi Hamlet, Tirtonirmolo, Bantul are irrigated by water sourced from the vicinity of the Madukismo sugar factory. This raises worries on the contamination of irrigation water by waste from sugar factories, which would subsequently affect rice fields. This study aimed to (i) examine the quality and hydro-chemical features of irrigation water in the study region, and (ii) investigate the impact of irrigation water on NPK concentration in soil and rice yield. The employed research approach is descriptive quantitative. Laboratory analysis was conducted on samples of water, soil, and vegetation. The analysis of water samples was conducted at the source areas, as well as at the inlet, middle, and outflow points of the tertiary irrigation channel traversing the rice fields. Samples were collected from rice fields irrigated with uncontaminated water and those contaminated by sugar industry effluent. The evaluation of irrigation water quality is founded on PP No. 22 of 2021. A statistical study using the ANOVA test was conducted to evaluate plant development across different locales. The study's results indicated a considerable disparity in irrigation air quality between contaminated and unpolluted areas, as evidenced by the metrics of air temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The quality of irrigation water contaminated by sugar industry effluent surpassed the established maximum limit for irrigation water. Nevertheless, the waste from the Madukismo sugar refinery positively influenced plant output. The growth and productivity of rice plants on contaminated soil exceeded those on unpolluted land. The rice yield in the contaminated region was 8,000 kg/Ha, higher than in the control area, which yielded just 4,800 kg/Ha.
Assessment of acid soils for sanitary landfill in Khana Local Government Area of Rivers State, South – South, Nigeria Peter, Kaananwii Dum; Nwidae, Vincent Mmbue
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.96883

Abstract

Open dumping of refuse is the order of the day and the collective method for discarding municipal solid waste, and the inefficient way of handling waste coupled with poor planning of landfill has resulted to environmental pollution and land degradation. Sanitary landfills are therefore necessary for the appropriate disposal of municipal waste. Thus, this study was carried out to assess the soils of Beeri in Khana Local Government Area for sanitary landfill. Three soil map units (pedons) based on vegetation, toposequence and drainage were identified and delineated in the study area. A modal soil profile of 2 m × 2 m × 2 m dimensions was dug in the identified soil map units, and the genetic horizons were labeled and sampled for laboratory analysis. Results obtained revealed that sand fractions varied from 804 g/kg in horizon-B of pedon 2 to 924 g/kg in pedon 1; silt content varied between 14 g/kg in horizon-AB of pedon 3 to 24 g/kg in B-horizon of pedons 1 and 2; and clay content decreased from 172 g/kg in B-horizon of pedon 2 to 52 g/kg in pedon 1. Bulk density decreased from 0.935 gcm⁻³ in horizon-Ah of pedon 1 to 1.4550 gcm⁻³ in B-horizon of pedon 2. Soil pH ranged from strongly acidic 4.89 in AB-horizon of pedon 2 to slightly acidic 5.47 in Bw-horizon of pedon 1. Effective cation exchange capacity decreased from10.86 cmolkg⁻¹ in pedon 2 to 2.84 cmol/kg in pedon 3. Soil suitability assessment of the study area indicated that the soils were not suitable (N) for the construction and operation of sanitary landfill as a result of defects in soil texture, high sand and low clay contents, porosity, and low ECEC. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to improve texture, bulk density, porosity, and ECEC through appropriate management practices so that the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be improved to a moderate to high level of suitability for sanitary landfill.
Yield gap analysis between irrigated and rainfed rice agroecosystem Handoko, Handoko; Kurniasih, Budiastuti; Taryono, Taryono
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.97040

Abstract

Rice is an essential crop for worldwide food security, providing the primary feeding for nearly half of the people on earth. In order to meet the increasing demand for rice, it is necessary to reduce the yield gap between irrigated and rainfed rice agroecosystem; therefore, a descriptive approach is used to estimate the yield gap (Yg) between irrigated (Yp) and rainfed rice agroecosystems (Yw) and identify its key factors. This research aimed to identify the causes of the yield gap between irrigated and rainfed rice agroecosystems and evaluate the causes of the yield gap so as to minimize the yield gap. This research had been conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 in two different locations, an irrigated and a rainfed rice agroecosystem (planted between M. cajuputi stands). Fourteen genotypes were grown in a complete randomized block design consisting of three blocks in each location (irrigated and rainfed rice fields). The experimental unit at each research location was 20 m² (4 m × 5 m), and the harvest area was 12 m² (3 m × 4 m), consisting of 192 populations of rice plants. The results showed that soil fertility limiting factors, including total nitrogen, phosphorus and available potassium caused the yield gap. The maximum yield recorded was in G2 (8.83 ton.ha⁻¹) in the irrigated agroecosystem, while the minimum yield was in G8 (0.64 ton.ha⁻¹) in the rainfed agroecosystem. Yield gap analysis revealed a gap of 5.27 ton.ha⁻¹ between the irrigated and rainfed systems. The most significant yield gap was observed in G3 at (6.92 ton.ha⁻¹), whereas the least was in G10 (3.17 ton.ha⁻¹). The genotype G2, exhibiting the highest yield in the irrigated agroecosystem, is recommended for planting, while G4, with a potential yield of 4.14 ton.ha⁻¹, is suggested for rainfed agroecosystems.

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