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COCOS
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27150070     DOI : 10.35791
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal ini memuat materi yang berkaitan dengan Pertanian. Menyangkut Tanah, Budidaya Pertanian, Proteksi Tanaman, Teknologi Pertanian dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 831 Documents
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ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH AKARWANGI PADA INDUSTRI MINYAK ATSIRI DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA Grace A Kairupan; Caroline B.D. Pakasi; Celsius Talumingan
COCOS Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i1.11393

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the advantages and value added received by the processing business akarwangi became essential oil.This research has been conducted since December of 2015 until January of 2016 at the X company , located in North Minahasa Regency. Retrieval and data collection included primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from akarwangi crop production effort using questionnaires. Secondary data were obtained from various print and online media as well as from journals and literature relating to this study. Data analysis methods applied in this study, in order to see how the value-added processing of akarwangi into essential oils is the first to use the analysis of business profits and subsequently used analasis value added. The results showed that business processing akarwangi becomes essential oil provides a great advantage, by using the main raw material of akarwangi were harvested from plantation company itself as many as 24. 375 kg can produce 243,75 kg essential oils of akarwangi and the price of essential oil per kilogram is equal Rp. 3,000,000. For the price of akarwangi crops on the market in 2007 approximately Rp. 500 / kg (Indrawanto, 2007) and in 2008 the price reached Rp. 800 / kg (Yuhono 2008), Assuming the price of plant akarwangi rise 6-7% annually then in 2015 the average price of akarwangi plants is Rp. 3000 / kg. Gross revenues derived from the company amounting to Rp. 731 250 000, after deducting expenses totaling Rp. 126.155.000, then the net profit processing business akarwangi in Essential Oils Industry Company X in North Minahasa Regency is Rp. 605.095.000. The biggest cost component is the raw material of Rp. 73.125.000. followed by auxiliary materials costs Rp. 19.750.000. then the depreciation tool cost Rp 16.560.000. and labor costs are determined based on the level of wages that have been agreed, length of work and the number of working days Rp. 12,000,000. as well as a rental fee of Rp. 4,000,000. The lowest cost incurred for cost of electricity is Rp. 720,000. By doing the calculation of value-added analysis, the obtained results of the added value of this business is Rp. 621.905.000 and for the value that is added to the raw material of akarwangi is Rp. 25.514/kg. The amount of added value is derived from the total value added of Rp. 621.905.000 divided by 24. 375 kg amount of raw material akarwangi used and the results is Rp. 25.514/ kg, meaning that for every one kilogram of raw materials akarwangi used can provide additional value of Rp. 25.514. in the production of akarwangi into Essential Oils.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (Studi kasus U.D Tarsius Kelurahan Kinali Kecamatan Kawangkoan) Ribka S. Laloan; Caroline D.B Pakasi; Olfie L.S Benu
COCOS Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i1.11394

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe role of small businesses become part foremost in any planning for local development. However, the development effort that has been carried out is still not satisfactory result, because in reality the progress of UKM are seen in comparison with the progress already achieved a great effort. The purpose of this study was identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats U.D Tarsius in business development and to define strategies for UKM development U.D Tarsius.Peanut roaster UD Tarsius Kawangkoan established since 2002, and the condition of UKM them selves do not seem to change significantly from year to year or can be said is still undeveloped, seen the production process, the management comes to marketing that still use traditional materials, see the situation are there then be interesting to be investigated how this business development strategy.The data collection was conducted over three months from November to January 2016 data taken is the primary and secondary data, primary data obtained through interviews to the owner U.D Tarsius and secondary data based on the data that already exists in U.D Tarsius.Research shows that small and medium enterprise development strategy U.D tarsier is the agrisif strategy is to maintain the strength to overcome the weaknesses in it and also have the opportunity and the power to be developed.Keywords : MinahasaABSTRAK
BATAS PENGARUH BAGIAN WILAYAH KOTA (BWK) PUSAT KOTA TOMOHON TERHADAP WILAYAH SEKITARNYA Aunike Hihola; Esry H. Laoh; Caroline B.D. Pakasi
COCOS Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i1.11395

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the effect of Section Urban Area limits (BWK) Tomohon City Center to other districts in the region of Tomohon and influence to several other surrounding regions, namely, Sonder, South Tondano and Tombariri. This study uses data obtained BPS North Sulawesi, BPS Tomohon, Tomohon City Department of Transportation, damn Global Positioning System (GPS). The data used in this research are secondary and primary data. Variable-variables measured in this study includes the total population (people) and distance (km). In this study, the analysis used is Breaking Point. The study lasted from December to January from preparation, data collection, to preparing the results of the research report. The research location is in Tomohon.The results of this study indicate that the development BWK Tomohon City Center (Central Tomohon) has a limit of influence varies in the surrounding area. BWK Tomohon City Center (Central Tomohon) influence on Eastern Tomohon, Tomohon Barat, Sonder, South Tondano and Tombariri. Northern Territory influence on BWK TomohonTomohon City Centre (Central Tomohon), while South Tomohon same effect on the strength of BWK Tomohon City Center (Central Tomohon). Tomohon overall effect is very significant to the three surrounding area.Keywords: Tomohon City
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS TUTUPAN LAHAN DI KAWASAN KPHP POIGAR DENGAN METODE MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD Abdul M. Muhammad; Johan A. Rombang; Fabiola B. Saroinsong
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.11451

Abstract

ABSTRACTLand cover of KPHP Poigar constantly has been changing. Mapping and identification by Maximum Likelihood method was more accurate than another method. Purpose of this research is to analyze the capability Maximum Likelihood Classification to map and identify the type of land cover in KHPH Poigar area. This research was carried out in September – November 2015 and in four steps. The first step was Image Pre-processing such a Layer Stacking process. Second step consists of OIF (Optimum Index Factor) Calculation, Cropping, and Visual Image Interpretation. Third step was Ground check in KPHP Poigar area. Fourth step were Image Analyzing with Maximum Likelihood Classification method and Accuracy Test. The value of accurate test for Overall Accuracy (OA) was 85,04 percent and for Kappa Accuracy (KA) was 80,97 percent classified into Almost Perfect Agreement category. The result of land cover classification based on image analyzing with Maximum Likelihood Classification method in KHPH Poigar indicated that there are 5 types of land cover, they are forest (21597,21 ha), bareland (5799,69 ha), bush (5612,58 ha), farmland (5649,12 ha) and mixed farmland (2942,37 ha).Keywords : Maximum Likelihood, KPHP Poigar, Type of Land Cover, Accuracy
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN DI HUTAN MANGROVE KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA Ziman F. Dekme; Marthen T. Lasut; Alfonsius Thomas; Reynold P. Kainde
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.11735

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research took place at four villages (Poopoh, Teling, Kumu, and Pinasungkulan) in the District of Tombariri from May to June 2015.  It was aimed to determine the diversity of mangrove forest trees using explorative method for species identification as well as their morphology structure.  Vegetative features include roots, bark, leaf, flower, fruit, and colour. In addition to that, community use of the mangrove was also studied.  Results show that 8 species were found and belonged to 5 families (Avicenniaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Arecaceae, Sonneratiaceae, and Pandanaceae).  From Rhizophoraceae there are 3 species (Bruguiera clyndrica, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculate); from Sonneratiaceae there are 2 species (Sonneratia alba and Sonneratia ovata); followed by 1 species each for the rest of the families, that is, Avicennia alba from Avicenniaceae, Nypa fruticans from Arecaceae, and Pandanus sp. from Pandanaceae. Keywords: Tombariri, mangrove, Avicenniaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Arecaceae, Sonneratiaceae, Pandanaceae
PERTUMBUHAN Grynops vesteegi (Giil) PADA BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR G-TONIK Timur Kogoya; Marthen T. Lasut; Johan A. Rombang
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.11904

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe study of the growth of Gyrinops vesteegii (Giil) plant by applying various doses of G-tonic liguid organic fertilizer had been carried out in the Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sam Ratulangi Manado.The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of various doses of liguid organic fertilizer on the growth of the Gyrinops vesteegii plant. This study is conducted by using Randomized Complete Block Design ( RCBD) with 5 treatments and 5. Replications each replication consists of one plant. The treatments applied were P1 (Control, without fertilizer), P2 0.125 cc of G – tonic liguid organic fertilizer given every application. P3 0,25 cc, P4 0,375 cc, and P5 0,500 cc. The variables observed were the increase of plant,s height as well as of stalk diameter. The data obtained will be analyzed by using Analisisv of Variance (anova) at 5% level.The result of the study showed that the application of G-tonic liguid organic fertilizer to Gyrinops vesteeglii plant seedling did not have significant effect on the increase of plant,s height and stalk,s diameter. This is due to the liguid organic fertilizer did not have yet effect toward the Gyrinops vesteeglii plant seedling in a period of 35
POTENSI AVIFAUNA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BIRDWACTHING DI DESA EKOWISATA BAHOI Meike D. Lakiu; Martina A. Langi; Hard N. Pollo
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.11938

Abstract

ABSTRACTAVIFAUNA POTENCY FOR DEVELOPING BIRDWACTHING ECOTOURISM IN THE VILLAGE OF ECOTOURISM BAHOIThe research aimed to study diversity, distribution, and avifauna potency for birdwacthing ecotourism in the mangrove vegetation of Bahoi village, west of Likupang, North Minahasa. The research was conducted from June to September 2015. The purposive method was used to collect data. Observations were made at 36 points determined based on bird preferences. From that observations it was found 47 bird spesies, belonging to 25 families. Among all the species, 65.9% is categorized as resident, 23.4% as endemik of Sulawesi, and 10.6% as migratory. Based on the government regulation (PP No. 7, 1999), there are 12 protected birds spesies within the resident and Sulawesian endemic species. The value of diversity in this mangrove was 3.24 or higher than Shannon-Wiener criteria. Index of eveness was 0.84 or higher than Magguran criteria. Based on all the values obtained, two birdwatching lines for ecotourism were proposed.Keywords: avifauna, bird diversity, ecotourism, birdwacthing.
KERUSAKAN BIJI KAKAO OLEH HAMA PENGGEREK BUAH (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen) PADA PERTANAMAN KAKAO DI DESA MUNTOI DAN SOLIMANDUNGAN Saida F. Azim; Daisy S. Kandowangko; Noni N. Wanta
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.11972

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe research aimed to damage cacao seed of is cacao moth (C. cramerella Snellen) was carried plants cocoa in the village Muntoi and village Solimandungan.The research was carried two village : (1) Muntoi (2) Solimandungan. To find out damage cacao seed of cacao moth attack to do is cacao fruit fission with figuring quantity damaged seed, and quantity healthy seed. quantity cacao fruit gaze have a lot of 25 fruit from to each sample location and by dividing 4 repetetion with interval harvesting 1 month that starts from November 2015 to February 2016. The research in use purposive sampling (sampling was by randomly) with take fruit is ripeness with characterized shape of the fruit is yellow. Precentage of damaged seed cacao of is cacao moth in the village Muntoi 18,25 % and village Solimandungan 50,20%. Damaged seed was to fruit cacao to plants cacao in the village Muntoi and village Solimandungan because have a controller by pruning and garden sanitation.Keywords : C. cramerella, Cacao moth, Cacao.
Fenologi Pohon Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) Di Kota Manado. Tepenur Weya; Johny S. Tasirin; Martina A. Langi; Josephus I. Kalangi
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.12015

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis research is aimed to study the phenology of angsana trees in the urban areas of Manado city. Sam Ratulangi street is divided into five observing segments with relatively the same number of trees at about 129-131 at each segment giving a total of 651 trees. The phenology observed at each tree including leaf, flower, and fruit phenomenon. The diameter of each tree are measured. Trees were then greuped into five categories:<10, 10-<20, 20-<30, 30-<40 and ≥40 cm. The results shows that angsana trees in Sam Ratulangi street had diameter of about 3.4-50.5 cm.The highest accumulation at trees was at last fourth categories ranging at 132-185 trunks. The phenology of leaves which dominate the entire segments on Sam Ratulangi street are green leaves at 89.9%of the 651 trees.The shoot phenology was performed by 11-20 trees (1.7-3.1%) and the flowering phenomena were found in 17-20 trees (2.6-3.8%). The flowering phenomena was mostly found at segment 1 (zero point) and becoming less and less toward the upper segments (Citraland intersection). The fruiting phenology shows and an opposite trend. The new flowering phenology are found on trees in three categories at medium diameters (10-40 cm) while the phenology of fruiting are found on trees with large diameters (>20 cm).
INSIDENSI PENYAKIT BUSUK BUAH PALA DI KECAMATAN KENDAHE KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE Virnansia A. Karoho; Denny Sualang; Max Ratulangi
COCOS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i2.12094

Abstract

ABSTRACKThis study aimed to quantify the incidences of dry-rot and wet-rot fruit diseases in some centers of nutmeg plantations, namely the Village of Talawid, Kendahe Satu, and Kendahe Dua, Kendahe Sub-District, The District of Sangihe Islands. This study was done for 4 months from October 2015 to January 2016. This study used a survey method with a purposive sampling in nutmeg plantations owned by the farmers in the village of Talawid, Kendahe Satu, and Kendahe Dua, each village was assigned one farm as a sample. The nutmeg tree was divided into two sectors, namely the upper and lower sector. The number of sample nutmeg trees were 20 trees; each sector of the tree was randomly observed 30 nutmeg. Observations were made three times at intervals of two weeks, of different nutmeg trees.The results of this study showed that early symptoms of dry-rot fruit disease appeared small brown rounded patches, with a diameter of approximately 0.3 cm, this section become brown and sunken (concave), while the wet-rot fruit disease, symptoms generally begin to appear at the base of the fruit, in which the diseased part started to become brown. The causal agent of dry-rot fruit disease is Stigmina myristicae, while wet-rot fruit disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The incidences of fruit rot disease in the observed center nutmeg plantations showed diffrent disease incidences. The highest average incidences of wet-rot fruit disease was 3.92%, while the highest average incidences of dry-rot fruit disease was 56.18%.Key Words: Nutmeg, Stigmina myristicae, Colletrotrichum gloeosporiodes, Incidences

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