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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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ANALISIS RENDEMEN MINYAK DAN INTI KELAPA SAWIT PADA PKS BERKAPASITAS 30 TON/JAM HUTASUHUT, MHD FUAD MAHRUZ WIRA'I; Situmeang, Pirmana; Sinaga, Shiva Anggreini; Namudany, Rania; Al-Khoir, Habib; Siregar , Ajis Paroji; Raja, Pada Mulia; Purwanto, Heri; Saragih, Sri Wahyuna; Fachrizal
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v7i1.304

Abstract

The palm oil industry plays a vital role in the Indonesian economy, with palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel (PKO) yields as indicators of processing efficiency. This study aims to analyze the yield of CPO and PKO at 30 ton/hour PKS through a quantitative approach with field methods and laboratory tests. Raw and boiled Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) samples were taken from 30 ton/hour PKS in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra, then analyzed using material balance, moisture content, oil extraction (soxhletation), and kernel separation. The results showed that the average CPO yield on raw FFB was higher (32.12%) than that on boiled FFB (23.94%), while the PKO yield on boiled FFB (7.74%) was superior to that on raw FFB (3.84%). Factors such as fruit maturity, sterilization process, and extraction efficiency have a significant effect on yield. The findings recommend optimizing the quality of raw materials and processing processes to increase productivity. This study provides a scientific basis for mill in performance evaluation and yield improvement strategies
ANALISA KEHILANGAN MINYAK (OIL LOSSES) PADA PROSES PRODUKSI DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT SAUKANI, MHD AHYAR; Apriyanti, Siti Nur; Butar-Butar, Revaldo; Manurung, Emy Fadillah; Putra, Pramono Dimas Dwi; Raja, Pada Mulia; Purwanto, Heri; Zakwan; Rahimah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v7i1.307

Abstract

Oil losses in crude palm oil (CPO) production significantly impact process efficiency and industrial profitability. This study analyzes the causes and extent of oil losses at various processing stages, including empty fruit bunches, pressed fiber, nuts, and liquid effluent, using Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane solvent. Results indicate that while total oil losses remain within acceptable limits, certain components such as empty fruit bunches and liquid effluent exceed standard thresholds. Key contributing factors include raw material quality (underripe or residual fruit), equipment inefficiencies (such as digester maceration and centrifuge separation), and operational errors. The Soxhlet extraction method proved effective in measuring oil losses due to its ability to separate compounds based on density differences without damaging oil components. This study recommends improvements in sterilization processes, equipment optimization, and enhanced operational monitoring to reduce oil losses. The findings provide valuable insights for the industry to enhance production efficiency and minimize economic losses
OPTIMASI PROSES PENGUTIPAN INTI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI DI PT XYZ Wahyu Abdilah; Setiawan , Rian; Gulo, Iwan Sah Putran; Malau, Febiola Angelia; Pulungan, Qias Nabirah; Raja, Pada Mulia; Purwanto, Heri
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v7i1.308

Abstract

Latar belakang penelitian didasarkan pada pentingnya optimalisasi produksi minyak inti sawit (PKO) untuk meningkatkan profitabilitas perusahaan, mengingat tingginya potensi kehilangan inti (losses) selama proses pemisahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi pengutipan inti (kernel) pada proses pengolahan kelapa sawit di PT. XYZ, dengan fokus pada unit LTDS 1, LTDS 2, Fibrecyclone, dan Claybath. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data selama April 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata efisiensi pengutipan inti (%EPI) sebesar 85,18%, dengan losses tertinggi terjadi pada unit Claybath (10,71%) dan terendah pada Fibrecyclone (0,98%). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi meliputi kualitas bahan baku, kinerja mesin, dan kompetensi sumber daya manusia (SDM). Rekomendasi perbaikan mencakup pemeliharaan rutin alat, penyesuaian parameter teknis, dan pelatihan operator untuk mengurangi losses dan meningkatkan rendemen. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam mengoptimalkan produksi kernel untuk meningkatkan profitabilitas perusahaan
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OIL PALM FRUIT CONDITIONS AND THE COLOR STABILITY OF PALM OIL: HUBUNGAN KONDISI BUAH SAWIT TERHADAP STABILITAS WARNA MINYAK SAWIT Rangkuti , Ika Ucha P.; Syukri , Muhammad; Lubis, Nurhida Yani; Elisabeth, Jenny
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v7i1.314

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of fruit maturity levels on the oxidative color stability of crude palm oil (CPO) during heating. Fruit conditions used were unripe, ripe, overripe, and bruised. Samples were heated at 100°C for 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. The peroxide value and color (Red-Yellow) were measured using Lovibond Tintometer. Results showed that the combination of ripe and overripe fruits had the highest stability in red and yellow colors, while mixtures involving bruised and unripe fruits showed significant degradation. Prolonged heating accelerated the degradation of carotenoid pigments. The study indicates that fruit maturity significantly affects the oxidative stability of palm oil color.
ANALISISA KADAR VITAMIN E DAN KAROTEN PADA RED PALM OIL DAN PALM OIL MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEEP FAT FRYING DENGAN VARIASI SUHU YANG BERBEDA Pelawi, Yoga; Nur Ariyani Agustina; Imanuel Sembiring; Sinaga, Robert
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v7i1.318

Abstract

Palm oil and red palm oil are food ingredients that are rich in essential nutrients such as vitamin E and carotene. This study aims to analyze the levels of vitamin E and carotene in red palm oil and palm oil after deep fat frying with different temperature variations. The deep fat frying process was carried out at temperatures of 32°C, 180°C, 230°C and 280°C to determine the effect of temperature on the nutritional content. Analysis of vitamin E content was carried out using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method, while analysis of carotene levels was carried out using the spectrophotometry method. The results showed that there was a decrease in vitamin E and carotene levels in both types of oil along with increasing frying temperature. A more significant decrease occurred at temperatures from 32°C to 180°C compared to temperatures from 230°C and 280°C. In addition, red palm oil has higher levels of vitamin E and carotene compared to palm oil at all temperature variations. These findings indicate the importance of considering temperature in the frying process to minimize nutrient loss in cooking oil, especially in oils with high vitamin E and carotene content such as red palm oil.
PENGARUH BLANCHING BUAH KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KADAR ASAM LEMAK BEBAS (ALB) DAN DETERIORATION OF BLEACHABILITY INDEX (DOBI) MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT Purwanto, Heri; Priadi, Ery
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v7i1.319

Abstract

Blanching at initial process can be done at the beginning before the process so that it will maintain the quality. Blanching is done to inactivate the endogenous lipase enzyme so that the rate of formation of free fatty acids and volatile compounds from the oil is inhibited. Blanching treatment affects Free Fatty Acids (FFA) and Deterioration Of Bleachability Index (DOBI). This process is a preliminary treatment before the fruit is processed in the factory. This study aims to determine the effect of blanching treatment on fruit bunches to maintain CPO quality from increasing Free Fatty Acids (FFA) and maintaining the Deterioration Of Bleachability Index (DOBI) value. This research was conducted in the PTPN IV laboratory, MAYANG PKS Unit. The time of this research was carried out from June to August 2022. This study used the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method, the first independent variable is blanching time with three levels, namely 0, 10, and 20 minutes. The second independent variable is the storage time which also consists of three levels, namely 0, 24, and 48 hours. Samples with 20-minute blanching treatment showed the lowest ALB levels of 7.72% and a DOBI value of 2.53.
PENGUKURAN KUANTITAS UAP MASUK REBUSAN SECARA TIDAK LANGSUNG MENGGUNAKAN GRAFIK ROTOTHERM Heri Purwanto; Ika Ucha P.Rangkuti
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.125

Abstract

Sterilization process is one of the keys to success in a Palm Oil Mill. In conventional palm oil mills that usehorizontal serilization, the fruit is heated in a closed vessel using pressurized steam at a pressure of 40 psiand a temperature of 140oC. The performance parameters that determine the success of the process inintermediate sterilization are pressure, temperature and time as well as steam requirements. This study aimsto determine the correlation between the area under sterilization graph represent the measurement of timeand pressure from every cycle of sterilization to oil losses in the condensate and empty bunch. The resultsshow that the higher the sterilization graph area which represents pressure and time, did not show significanttrend to the percentage of oil losses in the condensate and emptu bunch.
APLIKASI KARBON AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN PADA MINYAK JELANTAH BAHAN B SABUN Pada Mulia Raja; Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.126

Abstract

Used cooking oil is oil left over from frying that can no longer be used for frying because it has decreasednutritional value and has a negative impact on health. Used cooking oil can still be used as an example as araw material for making soap after being treated with used cooking oil. This study aims to make soap fromused cooking oil as raw material after being adsorbed using activated carbon from oil palm shells. The stagesof this research are 1). Making activated carbon from oil palm shells, 2). Applying activated carbon frompalm oil shells to used cooking oil, 3). Making soap from used cooking oil that has been adsorbed withactivated carbon from oil palm shells and 4). Testing the quality of soap, namely moisture content, soapingnumber and foam quantity. The results showed that the characteristics of the soap produced with an averagewater content of 7.5% (SNI 196-206 Max 15%), Sapling Number 196.90 mg / gr (SNI 196-206 mg/gr) and theamount of foam 1, 58 ml. Soap made from used cooking oil as raw material that has been adsorbed usingactivated carbon from oil palm shells in accordance with SNI 196-206 mg/gr.
RANCANG BANGUN PENCACAH LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Muhammad Iqbal Abdi Lubis; Andasuryani; Fadli Irsyad
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.127

Abstract

Agriculture’s waste is still minimum to utilized the one is empty fruit bunches (EFB), as like happened in the PT.XYZ (Xxx Yyy Zzz). EFB usually left rot into compost naturally which is need decomposition period 6 – 12months. This research aims to design chopper of EFB and carry out a technical examination of the toolperformance. Testing performed by using 5 kgs EFB at three repetition with the average of water content andfat content respectively 32.06 % and 7.46 %. The average of effective work capacity 81.46 kg/hr, chopped 43.33%, percentage do not chop 54.00 %, percentage of yield loss 2.67 %, measure the thickness of the chopping 0.5– 1 cm, 1 – 5 cm, 5 – 10 cm, and >10 cm consecutively was 64.53 %, 15.40 %, 9.21 %, and 10.85 %, therotational frequency 1,121 rpm, and noise level of chopper between 91.17 to 94.40 dB. Chopping use thischopper of EFB was 13 times more efficient than manual chopping and this research is still valid whencompared to the 2018 study.
PERBEDAAN KADAR GLISEROL, ESTER, MONO- DAN DIGLISERIDA PADA VARIASI PERLAKUAN REFINED BLEACHED DEODORIZED PALM OIL Mauli Anshori; Zakwan; Rahimah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.128

Abstract

The Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) is a derived product of crude palm oil that has twofraction (olein and stearin) in ambient temperature. This research aim to analyze the variation of treatmenton the RBDPO. The design of research was non-factorial completely randomized with three variable oftreatment such the RBDPO with glycerol (A), the RBDPO (B) and the RBDPO with lipase enzyme. Theconcentration of glycerol, ester, mono- and diglyceride was tested by Gas Chromatography method. The datawere analyzed by using descriptive method with boxplot and histogram. The result showed that the highestconcentration of glycerol; ester; mono- and diglyceride respectively were showed in treatment B (1,5922%);C (9,5699%); C (0,1783%); C (3,3329). The boxplot graphic described the differences among the treatmentthat the RBDPO with lipase enzyme had the most extensive concentration of glycerol, ester, mono- anddiglyceride.

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