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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN PENDINGINAN TRAFO MENGGUNAKAN ISOLATOR CAIR MINYAK SAWIT Muhamad Mustangin
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i2.121

Abstract

The transformer that functions to increase/decrease the voltage is heated due to the flow of electric current.The heat must be removed so as not to damage the winding. The heat dissipation method uses a liquid topropagate heat into the air. Currently, mineral oil is generally used, but to improve the environment and bemore sustainable, it can be replaced with palm oil (CPO). The heat transfer palm oil of the transformer canbe calculated. The heat propagates from the heat source through the paper to the CPO, then to the ironcasing of the transformer and then to the free air. In order for CPO to cool properly, CPO needs to be cooledusing forced air so that the heat transfer process is optimal. Based on the assumption of transformerparameters and CPO parameters such as heat capacity, conductivity, density, viscosity and others, it isobtained that the flow properties of CPO are laminar with Reynolds number of 293. Pradle number of 173.99and Prandtl number of 30, then the convection coefficient CPO heat is 509.4 W/m2.oC. Based on thetemperature in the coil of 80oC, the temperature calculation on the coil wrapping paper is 72oC, thetemperature on the inside wall of the casing is 54.17oC and the temperature on the outer wall of thetransformer or in the free air is 53.53oC so that it is still below the standard or acceptable. This shows that a5,000 Watt heat source with a transformer casing length and width of 0.5 meters and a total radiator pipelength of 10 meters can reduce heat in the transforme
POTENSI LIMBAH PADAT KELAPA SAWIT: PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT DAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU BIOETANOL Akladius L. Sani Simanjuntak; Ika Ucha P. Rangkuti; M. Hendra Ginting
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i2.122

Abstract

The global oil energy crisis is caused by the imbalance between consumption and production of petroleum. Inorder to compensate for this imbalance, the conversion of organic waste and biomass into fuel is carried outappropriately and quickly. This review article aims to determine the potential for solid waste from oil palm,Oil Palm Empty Bunches (TKKS) and Palm Oil Palm Ribs (PKS) as raw materials for making bioethanol. Theproduction process of ethanol from palm oil solid waste is carried out starting from lignocellulosicpretreatment using alkaline and oxidation methods, with the highest results getting a decrease in lignincontent in the EFB substrate from 35.51% to 9.47% or a decrease of 73.33%, while cellulose andhemicellulose content increased by 69% and 20.68% respectively, then the hydrolysis process with acid andenzyme catalysts with the highest yield obtained glucose levels of 60.02%, followed by a fermentation processusing Saccharomyces Cerevisiae with the highest yield of ethanol content of 7.93%. Utilization of empty oilpalm fruit bunches (TKKS) and oil palm midribs (PKS) as raw materials for the manufacture of bioethanolhas enormous potential.
PENGURANGAN KADAR AIR OPTIMAL (MOISTURE CONTENT) BLANKET SIR 10 MELALUI PROSES MATURASI DI PABRIK PENGOLAHAN KARET Arga Dwi Ananda; Busrizal Faisal; Siti Aisyah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i2.123

Abstract

Natural rubber processing is one of the potential agro-industrial sectors for Indonesia, whose role is quiteimportant as a foreign exchange earner for the plantation sub-sector. The production rate of 1.6 million tons in2002 or 22% of the world's total natural rubber production has placed Indonesia as the second largest producingcountry after Thailand. This study aims to determine whether the quality of blanket sir 10 is optimal by using amaturation time of 11 days, which is related to: Decreasing Blanket Moisture Content with Maturation Method,Analysis of Blanket Sample Data, Decreasing Water Content, Decreasing Blanket Moisture Content, MaturationProcess. The method of this research was carried out in a crumb rubber processing factory using a researchdesign: Bound variables Rubber sheet / blanket and crumb rubber from a rubber processing factory, theindependent variables in this study were as follows: Maturation treatment: hanging, maturation time: 11 days.The total weight of samples I, II, III, and IV is 975.90 kg, the total water content evaporated is 8.85 kg and theamount of blanket shrinkage is 0.91%. This shrinkage of the blanket amounted to 0.91%, which is the totaldecrease in the blanket moisture content in the eleven (11) days maturation. This process of maturing takes placenaturally. From data analysis and discussion of reducing the blanket moisture content for 11 days and processingmaterial for SIR 10 (Standard Indonesian Rubber) / Low Grade Crumb Rubber, it is concluded, as follows: Using4 (four types of samples with initial blanket weight: 20.15 kg) (sample 1), 20.85 kg (sample 2), 24.90 kg (sample3), and 27.85 kg (sample 4). Decreased moisture content in sample 1 = 1.06%, sample 2 = 0, 85%, sample 3 =0.87%, and sample 4 = 0.88%. The average reduction in water content in the blanket was 0.91% (for 11 days). Inthe reporting of this study, the blanket maturation time was set at 11 (eleven) days, although there are othermaturation times, such as: 6 (six) days, and 8 (eight days). The relatively h
PEMANFAATAN BAHAN PENGGUMPAL ORGANIK SEBAGAI KOAGULAN LATEKS Rizki Riyan Nopri; Ika Ucha Pradifta Rangkuti; Pada Mulia Raja
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i2.124

Abstract

Latex is a white, milky liquid that comes out of injured plants from the Hevea brasiliensi plant. Heveabrasiliensi latex can be processed into rubber because it has good properties which contain rubber particlesin the form of poly isopropene hydrocarbons which are the main components of rubber. In this study, latexcoagulation used an organic coagulant as a latex coagulant, namely extract from pineapple fruit and liquidsmoke from rubber wood, oil palm midrib, coconut shell. The results of coagulation were measured by thequality of dry rubber content (KKK) and PRI. Supported by secondary data, namely literature taken fromjournals and browsing on the internet. The results showed that the best coagulant material was produced bypineapple extract 80%, liquid smoke of coconut shell with a pH of 4.1, liquid smoke of palm fronds with a pHof 3.2, and liquid smoke of rubber wood with a pH of 2.6.
PENGUKURAN KUANTITAS UAP MASUK REBUSAN SECARA TIDAK LANGSUNG MENGGUNAKAN GRAFIK ROTOTHERM Heri Purwanto; Ika Ucha P.Rangkuti
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.125

Abstract

Sterilization process is one of the keys to success in a Palm Oil Mill. In conventional palm oil mills that usehorizontal serilization, the fruit is heated in a closed vessel using pressurized steam at a pressure of 40 psiand a temperature of 140oC. The performance parameters that determine the success of the process inintermediate sterilization are pressure, temperature and time as well as steam requirements. This study aimsto determine the correlation between the area under sterilization graph represent the measurement of timeand pressure from every cycle of sterilization to oil losses in the condensate and empty bunch. The resultsshow that the higher the sterilization graph area which represents pressure and time, did not show significanttrend to the percentage of oil losses in the condensate and emptu bunch.
APLIKASI KARBON AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN PADA MINYAK JELANTAH BAHAN B SABUN Pada Mulia Raja; Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.126

Abstract

Used cooking oil is oil left over from frying that can no longer be used for frying because it has decreasednutritional value and has a negative impact on health. Used cooking oil can still be used as an example as araw material for making soap after being treated with used cooking oil. This study aims to make soap fromused cooking oil as raw material after being adsorbed using activated carbon from oil palm shells. The stagesof this research are 1). Making activated carbon from oil palm shells, 2). Applying activated carbon frompalm oil shells to used cooking oil, 3). Making soap from used cooking oil that has been adsorbed withactivated carbon from oil palm shells and 4). Testing the quality of soap, namely moisture content, soapingnumber and foam quantity. The results showed that the characteristics of the soap produced with an averagewater content of 7.5% (SNI 196-206 Max 15%), Sapling Number 196.90 mg / gr (SNI 196-206 mg/gr) and theamount of foam 1, 58 ml. Soap made from used cooking oil as raw material that has been adsorbed usingactivated carbon from oil palm shells in accordance with SNI 196-206 mg/gr.
RANCANG BANGUN PENCACAH LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Muhammad Iqbal Abdi Lubis; Andasuryani; Fadli Irsyad
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.127

Abstract

Agriculture’s waste is still minimum to utilized the one is empty fruit bunches (EFB), as like happened in the PT.XYZ (Xxx Yyy Zzz). EFB usually left rot into compost naturally which is need decomposition period 6 – 12months. This research aims to design chopper of EFB and carry out a technical examination of the toolperformance. Testing performed by using 5 kgs EFB at three repetition with the average of water content andfat content respectively 32.06 % and 7.46 %. The average of effective work capacity 81.46 kg/hr, chopped 43.33%, percentage do not chop 54.00 %, percentage of yield loss 2.67 %, measure the thickness of the chopping 0.5– 1 cm, 1 – 5 cm, 5 – 10 cm, and >10 cm consecutively was 64.53 %, 15.40 %, 9.21 %, and 10.85 %, therotational frequency 1,121 rpm, and noise level of chopper between 91.17 to 94.40 dB. Chopping use thischopper of EFB was 13 times more efficient than manual chopping and this research is still valid whencompared to the 2018 study.
PERBEDAAN KADAR GLISEROL, ESTER, MONO- DAN DIGLISERIDA PADA VARIASI PERLAKUAN REFINED BLEACHED DEODORIZED PALM OIL Mauli Anshori; Zakwan; Rahimah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.128

Abstract

The Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) is a derived product of crude palm oil that has twofraction (olein and stearin) in ambient temperature. This research aim to analyze the variation of treatmenton the RBDPO. The design of research was non-factorial completely randomized with three variable oftreatment such the RBDPO with glycerol (A), the RBDPO (B) and the RBDPO with lipase enzyme. Theconcentration of glycerol, ester, mono- and diglyceride was tested by Gas Chromatography method. The datawere analyzed by using descriptive method with boxplot and histogram. The result showed that the highestconcentration of glycerol; ester; mono- and diglyceride respectively were showed in treatment B (1,5922%);C (9,5699%); C (0,1783%); C (3,3329). The boxplot graphic described the differences among the treatmentthat the RBDPO with lipase enzyme had the most extensive concentration of glycerol, ester, mono- anddiglyceride.
KAJIAN MANAJEMEN MUTU DALAM PENCAPAIAN RENDEMEN CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) ( STUDI KASUS : PT. BAKRIE SUMATERA PLANTATION TBK KISARAN PALM OIL MILL ) Ningsih, Tuty; Ishman L Sibuea; M. Siddiq Dongoran
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.129

Abstract

The achievement of oil Extraction Rate is one of the palm oil mill performances that needs to be continuouslyimproved. The achievement of oil Extraction Rate is obtained from efforts to synergize plant parts andprocessing plants which must be managed with a good management system. The implementation of anappropriate and consistent quality management system (Plan, do, check, action/PDCA) is expected toincrease optimal yield in accordance with predetermined targets. This research method is descriptivequantitative with research variables processing capacity, production yield, production quality and processingcosts. The results showed that (1) The company's management efforts in achieving CPO yield are integratingonfarm and off farm that are managed by implementing a quality managemen System (Plan, do, Check,Action/PDCA). (2) The Relationship of the ISO 9001;2015 to that affect the yield of CPO : (a) Planned 23,5% oil yield by 2020, (b) Establish and implement SOP and IK in onfarm and off farm. (c) Performs externaland Internal audits every years.
KARAKTERISASI KOMPOSIT POLIURETAN DENGAN PENGISI (FILLER) MIKRO KARBON AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA: Actived Carbon Pada Mulia Raja
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i1.130

Abstract

Polyurethane is a type of polymer made by reacting polyol (OH) groups with isocyanate (NCO) groups. Thepurpose of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of a mixture of polyol and toluene sourcesas well as by adding the composition of activated carbon of palm shell as a filler to determine the best results.The materials used in making composites are PPG (Polypropylene Glycol), TDI (Toluent DiIsocyanate) andPalm Oil Shell Activated Carbon. Palm shells are carbonated at 600 ◦C, then made into powder using a ballmill and then sieved with 110 mesh particle sieve and activated using 10% H2SO4. FurthermorePolyurethanes are made by mixing, PPG (Polypropylene Glycol), TDI (Toluent in Isocyanate) with a ratio of60%: 40% and then added the activated carbon of palm oil shell as a filler with polyurethane: 95% activecarbon (P1), 90 %: 10% (P2), 80%; 20% (P3), and 75%: 25% (P4), then the functional group (FT-IR) andmechanical properties testing consisted of tensile strength and elasticity values. The results of thecharacterization of amine (NH), methyl groups (C-H3), Acetyl groups (CN), carbonyl groups (C = O),isocyanate groups (N = C = O), and Aromatic Rings (C = C) . This can be concluded after the addition ofactivated carbon palm shell does not cause chemical reactions in the functional group. While the results of thecharacterization of the tensile strength of P0 to P1 with a value of 0.1966 MPa to 0.0317 MPa, then increasedin the composition of 90 P2, P3, and P4 with values of 0.0985 MPa, 0.2318 MPa, 0.2981MPa, and finallyoccurred decrease again in the composition of P5. While the highest elasticity value on composites with aratio of P4 is 0.05196 MPa, while the lowest elasticity value on the composition of P5 with a value of 0.0475MPa.

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