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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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EFEKTIFITAS PEMANASAN KAMAR ASAP MELALUI DISTRIBUSI UDARA MASUK (FORCED DRIVE FAN/FDF) DAN UDARA KELUAR (INDUCED DRIVE FAN/IDF) PADA PENGOLAHAN KARET LEMBARAN (RIBBED SMOKE SHEET) : REVIEW Faisal, Busrizal; Effendi, Zulham
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.151

Abstract

The smoke chamber used has a capacity of 3,420 kg with a rubber sheet smoking period of five days. Reducing the water content (moisture content) on the rubber sheet is used by heating it with a smoking system. For smoke chamber operations, the fumigation temperature used on the first day is 40 - 45°C, on the second day 45 - 50°C, on the third day 50 - 55°C, on the fourth day 55 - 60°C, and on the fifth day the smoking temperature was maintained at 60°C. FDF and IDF are two air distribution devices, where the FDF functions to blow the air into the smoke chamber and the IDF draws the air into the smoke chamber. The balance between exhaled air and that drawn out of the smoke chamber must be proportional. Too much airflow will collect in the smoke chamber and too much the air withdrawal will affect heat transfer. After installing the FDF and IDF tools, the smoking time is 4 (four) days, so the use of smoked wood (rubber stem wood) is reduced from 3.19 m3 (for 5 days of smoking) to 2.55 m3 (for 4 days of smoking). There is a saving of one operational day. Reducing the use of smoked wood has an impact on processing efficiency. Heat energy from smoking has also increased. Before the installation of the FDF and IDF devices, the amount of heat energy was 64,074 kcal/day (320,372 kcal in 5 days). After installing the FDF and IDF devices, they increase the amount of air / oxygen (O2) in the combustion process so that there is an additional heat energy of 9,461 kcal/day (47,305 kcal in 5 days). The total amount of heat energy produced is 367,677 kcal for 5 (five) days of smoking. FDF and IDF are two air blowers commonly known as blowers with their respective specifications: The FDF used has an electric power of 3 kilowatts (4 horsepower/hp) with a rotation of 1,420 rpm, while the IDF has an electric power of 7.5 kilowatts (10 horsepower/hp). hp) at 1,440 rpm.
ANALISA PERSENTASE KEHILANGAN MINYAK SAWIT PADA AMPAS PRESS DI PTPN VI UNIT USAHA SOLOK SELATAN Siregar, Muhammad Taufik; Effendi, Zulham; Mulyara, Budi; Lubis, Fadli Akbar
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.153

Abstract

Oil palm processing is one of the factors that determine the success of an oil palm plantation business. The Palm Oil Mill (PKS) in the context of the palm oil industry in Indonesia is understood as the unit of extraction of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and palm kernel from the Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) of oil palm. The Palm Oil Mill (PKS) is the most upstream processing unit in the palm oil processing industry and is a critical point in the economic life cycle of palm fruit in particular and the palm oil industry in general. The purpose of this study was to find out how much percentage of palm oil loss was contained in the dregs of the press and to find out the optimal conditions for the screw press. The high or low percentage of oil loss in the process that occurs is influenced by several factors, namely the condition of the working pressure on the screw press and the capacity of the diluent water. The average percentage of loss of palm oil in the pressing process obtained from the data is June 5.07% with the norm of losses of pressed waste oil of 0.64%, the average of July is 4.92% with the norm of losses of pressed oil of 0, 64%, and an average of 4.98% in August with a normal loss of 0.64% of pressurized oil losses.
PEMBUATAN DAN UJI PADA PAPAN PARTIKEL BERBAHAN BAKU TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KOMPOSISI BAHAN YANG BERBEDA Sitorus, Tiurma Rotua; Sakiah, Sakiah; Sutanto, Arief Setiawan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.165

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the quality of particle board using the raw material of empty palm oil bunches with different compositions. Oil palm is a plantation crop that has an important role in Indonesia today. This plant is a plant that produces vegetable oil and its derivative products. The processing of Empty Palm Oil Bunches (EFB) into particle board as a strategy for utilizing solid waste from palm oil processing was carried out in March - June 2020. Quality tests were carried out to determine the water content, bulk density, and composition ratio of the best OPEFB-polyurethane resin for producing high-quality particle boards. The moisture content of the OPEFB fiber was obtained at 43.34%, while the maximum density and hardness of the Hardness Rockwell Scale B (HRB) can be obtained with a ratio of OPEFB fiber to resin (50: 50) 50% OPEFB and 50% resin with a bulk density of 186.70 gr/cm3 and hardness of 60 HRB. The water content affects the resistance and weight of the contents so it needs to be dried. While the high bulk density affects the particle density thereby increasing the hardness of the material. This research was conducted at the STIPAP Medan Soil and Fertilizer Laboratory and the Medan Industrial Chemical Technology Polytechnic Lab. This research was conducted in March - June 2020. This research was a descriptive study. The parameters observed were moisture content, hardness, and bulk density. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Based on research conducted, the greater the mass of the board, the higher the weight of the particle board. Meanwhile, the hardness of particle board is influenced by bulk density and moisture content of particle board.
KAJIAN PENGENDALIAN RESIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA DENGAN METODE HAZARD INDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL ( HIRARC ) DI PT. LANGKAT NUSANTARA KEPONG Mukti, Ismail; Ningsih, Tuty; Sibuea, Ishman L.
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.167

Abstract

PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong is one of the KSO companies engaged in the oil palm plantation business. In carrying out the operational activities of one PKS unit, PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong is supported by more than 100 workers who interact directly with machines and other work equipment. Every workplace contains a high potential for hazards, so a prevention and control effort is needed to prevent work accidents. The occurrence of work accidents is caused by the actions of people who do not comply with work safety (unsafe actions) and environmental conditions or processes from unsafe systems (unsafe conditions). Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) is an effort to prevent work accidents and OHS risks. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method which describes the identification and assessment of work risks. Data collection regarding identification and risk assessment was analyzed with HIRARC. HIRARC Results at PKS Gohor Lama PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong that the highest number of risk levels is at the boiler station.
BIOPLASTIK BERSUMBER BAHAN SELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG (TKKS) DAN PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT (PKS) Brahmana, Yusuf; Ginting, Muhammad Hendra; Rangkuti, Ika Ucha Pradifta
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i1.171

Abstract

One of the environmental problems in Indonesia is plastic waste which is made from synthetic materials. This synthetic plastic waste is very difficult to decompose in the soil and takes 300-500 years to completely decompose. Therefore, bioplastic is an alternative to this problem. The purpose of this journal review is to calculate the cellulose potential of empty bunches (EFB) and oil palm midribs (PKS) through several processes, namely the delignification process and the bleaching process. ) 31.7%. So it can be said that empty fruit bunch cellulose (TKKS) and palm fronds (PKS) have enormous potential to meet the needs of bioplastic raw materials.
KARAKTERISTIK UJI IMPAK (IMPACT TEST) CHARPY PAPAN KOMPOSIT BERBAHAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DIPERKUAT SERAT KACA Sarumpaet, Josafat; Mahyunis, Mahyunis; Zakwan, Zakwan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Oil palm empty bunches (TKKS) are solid waste from palm oil processing which is quite large and until now its utilization is still not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the processing technology of oil palm empty bunches in order to produce products that have more usefulness and high economic value as well. One of the processed products from the solid waste of oil palm empty bunches is composite. By utilizing solid waste of oil palm empty bunches (EFB) to be used as a base material for making (filler) and BTQN 157 EX resin as a matrix, catalysts as hardeners and glass fibers (fiberglass) as reinforcement are expected to produce composite boards that have proven quality by testing. impact standard ASTM E23. This research was conducted at the STIPAP TPHP Laboratory and the Laboratory of Basic Phenomena of Mechanical Engineering, the Medan Institute of Technology (ITM). The research period was 2 months, namely July - August 2019. This research used handmade methods and charphy impact testing with a composition of 29% OPEFB fiber, 157 ex 70% BTQN resin, 1% catalyst and glass fiber. The results showed that the average absorption energy of the 8 samples was 0.833 Joules and the average impact price was 0.0108 joules / mm2.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI ASAP CAIR BERBASIS TEMPURUNG KELAPA DAN CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK LATEKS YANG DIGUMPALKAN Bareta, Arief; Purwanto, Heri; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Liquid smoke is the result of the coconut shell pyrolysis and palm kernel shells burned and cooled through the medium of water coolers to make the results from burning fuel to liquid. Liquid smoke can be used to agglutinate latex. In this research, liquid smoke from coconut shell and oil palm shells mixed into 20gr of latex samples with a concentration ratio of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%. In this study, it can be concluded that the concentration of 15% faster agglomerate, lower pH, and higher PoPRI value. And faster agglomeration speed of other rubber materials.
ANALISIS ASAM LEMAK BEBAS DAN NILAI DOBI PADA MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO) SETELAH PROSES APLIKASI KOMBINASI BENTONIT DAN MAGNESIUM OKSIDA (MgO) Raja, Pada Mulia; Adlyansyah, Adlyansyah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are adsorbents that can be combined applied in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) to reduce its free fatty acids (FFA) content. The quality standard of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in SNI 01-2901-2006 is the content of FFA, water and impurities, respectively, a maximum of 5%, 0.25% and 0.25%. Another parameter which determines the quality of CPO is the deterioration of bleachability index (DOBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the combination of bentonite and magnesium oxide (MgO) to reduce levels of FFA and increase the value of DOBI. The stages of this research are: 1). Natural bentonite preparation and activation 2). The variations in the combination of Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are Bentonite: MgO (1: 1), Bentonite: MgO (3: 1), and Bentonite: MgO (1: 3) 3). Application of combination of Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) on CPO and 4). Analysis of free fatty acid levels and the value of DOBI in CPO. The results showed that the best FFA reduction is on the combination of Bentonite: Mg O (3: 1) was 2.95% (according to SNI 01-2901-2006) while the highest DOBI value was shown in the Bentonite: MgO treatment (1:3) namely 2.79 (according to SNI 01-2901-2006). The combination of Bentonite: MgO can reduce the value of free fatty acids where the initial value of FFA = 5.2 after treatment, the value of FFA is 2.95% and increase the value of DOBI in CPO where the initial DOBI value is 1.65 and after treatment becomes 2.79.
ANALISA ORGANOLEPTIK POMADE BERBASIS PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE DAN GLISERIN Siregar, Leonardi; Zakwan, Zakwan; Raja, Pada Mulia
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is a by-product of the palm oil refining process which contains 80% of free fatty acids (ALB). Overall the palm oil manufacturing process will produce 73% olein, 21% stearin, 5-6% PFAD and 0.5% trench CPO. CPO can be used to produce solid palm oil (RBD stearin) and liquid palm oil. PFAD is a by-product of the Fractionation process at the Downstream Industry plant, which can add value to the industry if it is developed, for example, as a raw material for pomade. This study aimed to determine the quality of pomade hair oil based on PFAD and Glycerine using the organoleptic method. The stages of this research are; (1). Sampling (2). Deodorization (3). Pomade Making (4). Organoleptic analysis (5). Test data using LSR (BNT). The color BNT test analysis results with the notation of 0.01 and 0.04 seem to give a significant difference in the aroma analysis test P1M1 P2M2 with P3M3 P4M4 P5M5 it looks very significant and the results of the texture analysis test also show a very significant difference.
PEMBUATAN PAPAN PARTIKEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKU TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PEREKAT RESIN Lubis, Ahmad Fahmi Alhafiz; Effendi, Zulham; Guntoro, Guntoro
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.176

Abstract

Oil palm is a plantation crop that has an important role in Indonesia today. This plant is a plant that produces vegetable oil and its derivative products. The processing of oil palm empty bunches into particle board as a strategy for utilizing solid waste from oil palm processing has been carried out. The test was carried out to determine the hardness, weight and moisture content to produce particle board. The board making was carried out in April - August 2020. The location was at the Laboratory of Soil and Fertilizer at the College of Agricultural Agribusiness and Plantation (STIPAP) and the Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry Polytechnic Medan (PTKI). The results showed that the largest water content of oil palm empty fruit bunches was obtained by 44%, then for the weight of the content obtained 1.131 gr / cm3 with a ratio of 50% oil palm empty bunches fiber and 50% resin adhesive and a hardness test value of 76 kg. . The moisture content can affect the resistance and weight of the particle board so that drying is necessary. Meanwhile, the weight of the contents has an effect on particle density, thereby increasing the hardness of the material.

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