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Alessandro Kurniawan Ulung
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Bhuvana: Journal of Global Studies
Published by Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29861705     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59408/bjgs
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Social Sciences
Bhuvana: Journal of Global Studies is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal by Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia, with specialization in issues about foreign policy, diplomacy, international security, maritime security, area studies, cybersecurity, international political economy, peace and conflict resolution, and international law and regimes. Bhuvana, which philosophically means “The World” in Sanskrit, welcomes original research articles for a deeper understanding on the aforementioned issues. Bhuvana will release its publications in March and September.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 32 Documents
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PERAN UN WOMEN DALAM ISU KETIDAKSETARAAN GENDER DI PAKISTAN Setyowati, Kinanti Diah Ayu; Fitriyanti, Andini Aulia; Marsingga, Prilla
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i1.122

Abstract

In 1994, UNDP released a report on human security, which included a point on personal security. The issue of gender inequality is a threat to personal security. Pakistan is a country that continues to advocate for and work towards gender equality. Inequalities in socio-economic development and the influence of a social structure based on a feudal system led to differences in the level of gender inequality in Pakistan. The high level of gender inequality in Pakistan affects women's ability to fully enjoy their rights. Using the concepts of international organizations, human security theory, and gender equality, this research aims to examine the role of the international organization UN Women in increasing gender equality in Pakistan. Employing a qualitative method with a descriptive approach as the framework, this research found that UN Women serves as a facilitator, communicator, and motivator in advancing gender equality, promoting Sustainable Development Goal 5, and protecting women from violence and discrimination. UN Women actively plays a role in achieving gender equality in Pakistan.
SISTEM PERTAHANAN ISRAEL DALAM MENGHADAPI PERKEMBANGAN KEAMANAN NASIONAL Imanuel, Josafath; Sudirman, Arfin; Hakiki, Falhan
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i1.131

Abstract

Israel was founded on May 14, 1948, with a declaration made by David Ben-Gurion. Since its founding, Israel has often faced external threats from other countries, such as Egypt and Jordan. As time goes by, Israel manages to reach peace agreements with its neighboring countries. It turns out that the external threats does not stop. Now, Israel needs to face threats from non-state actors such as Hamas and Hezbollah. Apart from that, developments in international relations have impacted the strategies for achieving national security. This research employs two theories: National Security with three key concepts and Civil-Military Relations with three key concepts. The research utilizes a qualitative method, including literature studies and internet-based research for data collection. This research aims to identify Israel's civil-military relations in facing non-traditional threats to ensure its national security. The results indicate that civil-military relations in Israel, integrated into the democratic system model, have successfully adapted to developments in national security. However, based on the findings of this research, there is no Israeli document in the form of a Defense White Paper serving as a basic constitution for dialogue between the government and the Israel Defense Force (IDF).
EKONOMI POLITIK PERLINDUNGAN HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL: STUDI KASUS KEBIJAKAN PUBLISHER RIGHTS AUSTRALIA TERHADAP GOOGLE DAN FACEBOOK Bustami, Sirwan Yazid
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i1.134

Abstract

Australian news media publishers are facing serious challenges as Google and Facebook emerge as digital platforms in the Australian media industry. They have transformed into the main pillars of media industry as they monopolize distribution and monetization of news content as well as the digital advertising market, thus dominate Australia’s digital market share. Their power and dominance in controlling the flow of information and digital advertising have drawn attention of the Australian government. In response, the Australian government enacted the publisher rights policy through adoption of the News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code (NMBC). Google and Facebook reacted strongly against the NMBC and threatened to close the services in Australia. This research aims to explain the reasons behind Australia’s enactment of the publisher rights policy against Google and Facebook. Using the analytical descriptive research methods combined with theory of regulatory mercantilism, concept of digital sovereignty, and concept of intellectual property rights, this study argues that enactment of the publisher rights policy is due to the imbalance of bargaining power between the Australian news media publishers and Google and Facebook. In addition, this policy was enacted due to the reduction in traditional revenue received by the traditional news media publishers as a result of declining advertising revenue, content purchases, and subscriptions that pose a threat to sustainability of Australia’s news media industry. Lastly, the adoption of the publisher rights policy is due to the centralized media power of Google and Facebook which endangers diversity of Australian news media.
NEOREALISM AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR: A MORE CYNICAL PERSPECTIVE TOWARDS UNJUST WAR? Syahdani, Muwalliha; Maharsi, Hayuningrum Citra; Zellatifanny, Cut Medika
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i1.145

Abstract

The usage of digital technology, especially in warfare, on the one hand, exacerbates the judgment of the war. After the world experienced a major-devastating World War (I and II), International Relations – as a practice vis-à-vis discipline – has gone through a synthesis phase. Although the world has looked very different from the 19th century, states, as the acknowledged primary actors, are still chasing their national interests and power. Russia is one of the major powers after World War II, willing to reclaim its past glory by showing its possession towards the neighboring countries, one of which is Ukraine. This paper tries to judge the presence of digital technology as a combat equipment in worsening the magnitude of the war. This paper uses the International Humanitarian Law (IHL) as the principal guide for conducting a war. By contrast, what was happening in the field (das sein) will be seen through a Neorealism perspective as one of the major perspectives in International Relations studies. As the first full-scale modern cyber war, Russia-Ukraine has exemplified the use of digital technology to obscure the purposes of the war – creating a just and justified means to achieve national interest apart from political ways.
OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE (ODA) KANADA DALAM UPAYA MENGURANGI KEMISKINAN DAN MEMPERKUAT HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI NEGARA BERKEMBANG DAN AFRIKA TAHUN 2018-2022 Putri, Alfredha Shinta; Mutmainna, Atifa Zakiah; Wardoyo, Haidhar Fadhil; Febriansyah, Mochammad Rifki
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i1.147

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the provision of Official Development Assistance (ODA) from the Canadian government to developing countries and African countries to reduce poverty and strengthen human rights in 2018-2022. Canada is a developed country that provides a lot of humanitarian assistance to developing countries and African countries. This raises the question, “What is the role of Canadian ODA in reducing poverty and strengthening human rights in developing countries and African countries in 2018-2022?” To help answer the question, the authors use the concept of Humanitarian Financing. ODA provided by Canada in Africa is in the form of financial assistance. In conducting research, this article uses a qualitative research method, namely a literature study by collecting various books, journals, articles, and other sources to be able to answer this problem.
AGRESIVITAS KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI TIONGKOK DALAM SENGKETA WILAYAH DENGAN FILIPINA DI PULAU THITU Karmilawaty, Ratu Salmazahra; Janvy, Canytea
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i2.51

Abstract

This research aims to describe China’s aggressive foreign policy in its territorial disputes with the Philippines in Thitu Island in Spratly Islands, South China Sea. The two countries both claim to own Thitu for its rich natural resources. The territorial claims of China and the Philippines over Thitu have escalated the territorial conflict in South China Sea and threatened the regional stability in Southeast Asia. This research seeks to discuss the implementation of China’s aggressive foreign policy that the Philippines consider as a threat to its territorial claim over Thitu Island. As such, this research employs a qualitative method, with offensive realism theory in place. This research argues that the anarchic world system triggered China’s aggressive foreign policy in a way that the country deploys its vessels to the island to deter the Philippines and claim Thitu. For China, obtaining Thitu’s rich natural resources are national interests that the country intends to reach in South China Sea. China intends to control Thitu in a bid to strengthen its economic and military power. China’s military actions around Thitu represent its foreign policy to claim the entire South China Sea.        
NILAI ISLAM DAN PEMBUATAN ALIANSI DALAM KEAMANAN GLOBAL: KASUS KOALISI KONTRATERORISME MILITER ISLAM (IMCTC) Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Andara, Namira Naza; Firzatullah, Mohammad Fadhil
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i2.184

Abstract

This research examines the role of Islamic values in the formation of global security alliances, with a focus on the Islamic Military Counter Terrorism Coalition (IMCTC). Based on the background presented, this research explains that global terrorism has become a serious threat in the post-Cold War political landscape. Counter-terrorism efforts have evolved from the Global War on Terror (GWOT) to a more inclusive approach, including the formation of alliances such as IMCTC. The research method used is qualitative and literature review, enabling an in-depth understanding of the relationship between Islamic values and security alliance formation. The findings show that IMCTC, as a military alliance led by Saudi Arabia, aims to combat terrorism by promoting peaceful and inclusive Islamic values. IMCTC seeks to create a more secure and stable environment by blending military and non-military approaches while challenging extremist narratives and encouraging moderation. This paper provides insight into the potential of Islamic values as a moral framework in combating terrorism and maintaining global stability through sustainable international cooperation.
RIVALRY BETWEEN CHINA AND INDIA IN THE INDIAN OCEAN Wulandari, Wahyu
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i2.188

Abstract

The Indian Ocean plays an important role in the international world, especially for countries in the region. Starting from its strategic location and various advantages, the Indian Ocean has attracted the attention of many parties, especially those developing their respective interests. This article focuses on the rivalry between China and India in the Indian Ocean. The competition between the two has been going on for a very long time, starting from the division of territory to continuing to the Indian Ocean region. India considers itself the “owner of the Indian Ocean” and is disturbed by China’s activities. Both countries are trying to establish cooperation with several countries in the Indian Ocean region to gain strength in carrying out their interests. China considers the Indian Ocean great potential to increase its economic interests. Therefore, China is considered to be trying hard to develop its programs. From a realist perspective, this study sees that both countries act in the national interest and seek to maintain or increase their power in the international order. The researcher uses a qualitative method with descriptive analysis in this study. The data collection technique uses library research from various journals, articles, news, and theses whose contents are relevant to the topic of discussion. It was found that both countries depend on the Indian Ocean, where both have their economic interests. This then creates competition between the two which will certainly have an impact on surrounding countries, including countries that cooperate with China or India.
DIPLOMASI MARITIM INDONESIA DALAM ADMM-PLUS EXPERTS’ WORKING GROUPS ON MARITIME SECURITY TAHUN 2023 Soplanit, Marsello Graito; Effendi, Irmawan
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i2.197

Abstract

This article explains Indonesia's maritime diplomacy in the ADMM-Plus Experts' Working Group (EWG) on Maritime Security in 2023. This research aims to explore the significance of Indonesia's participation in this multilateral forum, with a focus on Indonesia's national interests. The research method used is qualitative with an internet-based research and document-based research approach and is supported by the concepts of maritime diplomacy and foreign policy. The research results show that Indonesia's participation in the ADMM-Plus EWG aim to strengthen Indonesia's identity as the world's maritime axis and promote international norms that support maritime peace and security in the Asia-Pacific region. This reflects the importance of Indonesia's maritime diplomacy as an instrument to achieve national and international strategic goals as well as Indonesia's contribution in the context of regional and global maritime security.
PERAN PERUSAHAAN MULTINASIONAL DALAM MEMENGARUHI AMANDEMEN UNDANG-UNDANG IMIGRASI TENAGA KERJA ASING DALAM MERESPONS PERMASALAHAN AGING POPULATION DI JEPANG Bustami, Sirwan Yazid; Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain; Khotimah, Annisa Husnul
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v2i2.206

Abstract

This research aims to analyze role of Japanese multinational corporations in influencing amendments to Foreign Labor Immigration Act in response to shrinking workforce due to aging population in Japan. The role of Japanese multinational corporations is analyzed using a qualitative approach with an analytical descriptive method. Data collection related to role of Japanese multinational corporations was obtained through literature studies and analyzed through several stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data reduction was carried out by reviewing data collected to be selected in accordance with analysis of role of Japanese multinational corporations. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out in form of narratives. Finally, conclusion drawing is conducted based on elaboration of concept of interest group and concept of typology of multinational corporations’ power to analyze role of Japanese multinational corporations. Based on results of research, role of Japanese multinational corporations in influencing amendments to Foreign Labor Immigration Act is carried out through use of their power capacities, namely instrumental power, structural power, and discursive power. Instrumental power is exercised through Keidanren’s influence by means of political lobbying, advocacy, consultation, and use of membership networks to create collective pressure on Japanese government. Meanwhile, structural power is exercised through centrality of multinational corporations in Japan’s economic development, resulting in government’s dependence on their investments and innovations and thus changing foreign labor immigration policies. Finally, discursive power is exercised through Keidanren’s influence in constructing discourse of foreign labor immigration as a solution to shrinking workforce due to aging population.

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