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Alessandro Kurniawan Ulung
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Bhuvana: Journal of Global Studies
Published by Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29861705     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59408/bjgs
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Social Sciences
Bhuvana: Journal of Global Studies is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal by Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia, with specialization in issues about foreign policy, diplomacy, international security, maritime security, area studies, cybersecurity, international political economy, peace and conflict resolution, and international law and regimes. Bhuvana, which philosophically means “The World” in Sanskrit, welcomes original research articles for a deeper understanding on the aforementioned issues. Bhuvana will release its publications in March and September.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 32 Documents
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ANALYSIS OF SANCTIONS ON CHELSEA FC: THE IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT ON SPORTS CLUB OWNERSHIP Meganingratna, Andi; Maulana, Achmad Amzal
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i1.211

Abstract

This research examines the complex relationship between sports and international politics through the case study of sanctions imposed on Chelsea FC in the context of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. This study aims to analyze how international conflicts can affect individual entities, particularly in terms of football club ownership. Utilizing the theory of complex interdependence as proposed by Keohane and Nye, this study employs a qualitative methodology with an explanatory case study approach, analyzing official documents from the UK government, Chelsea FC’s documentation, and international media coverage. The findings indicate that the application of smart sanctions against Chelsea FC through its owner, Roman Abramovich, reflects a significant evolution in the use of foreign policy instruments. Three main dimensions of British interest are identified: economic, aimed at disrupting the financial flows of Russian oligarchs; political, to strengthen the United Kingdom’s position in the post-Brexit landscape; and sociocultural, leveraging the Premier League as a form of soft power. This research contributes to demonstrating how modern sports have transformed into an integral part of the complex web of international relations.
THE IMPACTS OF UNITED STATES EMBARGO ON VENEZUELA DURING PRESIDENT NICOLÁS MADURO’S ADMINISTRATION Nuranilam, Nuranilam; Prawira, Muhammad Rizky; Khaldun, Riady Ibnu
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i1.212

Abstract

This research analyzes the impact of U.S. embargo on Venezuela’s struggling economy, worsened by falling global oil prices. Venezuela relies heavily on oil exports, and the decline in oil prices has led to a significant drop in revenue. During Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro’s administration, U.S. sanctions—such as restrictions on international finance, a ban on oil trade, and asset freezes—have intensified the crisis. The study uses a qualitative descriptive methodology and case study approach, relying on secondary data and literature reviews. Findings show that U.S. sanctions have worsened Venezuela’s economic situation, leading to hyperinflation, shortages of essential goods, and reduced foreign investment. The oil sector, crucial for national revenue, has seen declines in production and exports, exacerbating the budget deficit. Additionally, the sanctions have triggered a humanitarian crisis, increased poverty, and caused mass migration. This study emphasizes that U.S. sanctions disrupt economic stability and severely affect citizens’ daily lives, creating a destructive cycle that further deteriorates Venezuela’s economic, social, and humanitarian conditions.
DEVELOPMENT FAILURE IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES: THE COMPLEXITY OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE Ariningtyas, Sukma Ayu Putri
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i1.214

Abstract

This research seeks to analyze how multidimensional poverty, rooted in multisectoral problems, contributes to development failure in Mozambique. This study elucidates that multidimensional poverty in Mozambique is entrenched in political and security crises, as well as the instability of community socio-economic conditions. These issues arise from historical, socio-economic, and political dynamics, alongside a crisis of democracy, corruption, and debt. The study examines these challenges through the lens of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) to accurately explain the poverty conditions in Mozambique. Employing qualitative analysis and a comprehensive literature review, this research facilitates an in-depth understanding of the relationship between development failure and multidimensional poverty in Mozambique. The findings reveal that prolonged poverty in Mozambique is influenced by a multitude of factors, including weak enforcement of human rights, corruption, conflict and security crisis, income inequality, inadequate public infrastructure, and other critical challenges. This research contributes to enriching literature about multidimensional poverty, highlighting the correlation between this kind of poverty in poor countries and their national development failures.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF MYANMAR’S MILITARY COUP ON THAILAND’S SECURITY SITUATION Rahmadita, Nova Mei; Ash Shiddiqy, Muhammad Arsy
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i1.216

Abstract

The military coup in Myanmar in 2021, had profound effects not only on the country but also on its neighboring countries, particularly Thailand. This study examines the coup’s impact on the security, economy, and diplomatic relations between Myanmar and Thailand. Through qualitative research and literature study, the study reveals that the coup led to a humanitarian crisis, large-scale refugee movements, cross-border security issues, and negative economic consequences. Thailand encountered difficulties in managing the influx of refugees, combating drug trafficking, and maintaining socio-economic stability along its border. In response, Thailand adopted a pragmatic diplomatic strategy, including a “Quiet Diplomacy” policy, to preserve bilateral relations and reduce tensions. Despite facing criticism for potentially legitimizing the military junta, Thailand sought to mediate the conflict. The study concludes that Myanmar’s military coup influences domestic security and the geopolitical and economic landscape of the region, necessitating attention and strategic actions from the international community. This research contributes to enriching literature on the impacts of Myanmar’s military coup to its neighboring countries and the dynamic of security in Southeast Asia.
CHINA’S ROLE IN THE UNITED NATIONS IN ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE DURING THE XI JINPING ERA Shabirah, Sarah; Setiawan, Ari Putra; Oktavianto, Fajar; Albiansyah, Alif; Saputro, Dedy
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i1.217

Abstract

Climate change has become a critical global challenge in the 21st century, with China as the largest emitter playing a vital role in addressing it. This research aims to analyze China’s transforming role within the UN framework in addressing climate change during Xi Jinping’s era, focusing on diplomatic posture changes and policy implementation. Using qualitative research methods with a descriptive-analytical approach through library research, this study analyzes various official documents, journal articles, and policy reports from 2020-2024. The discussion reveals that under Xi Jinping’s leadership, China has undergone a significant transformation from a defensive position to proactive leadership in global climate diplomacy, reflected through its 2060 carbon neutrality commitment and the establishment of a 3 billion USD South-South Climate Cooperation Fund. Analysis through an offensive realist perspective reveals that China’s active engagement in the global climate regime manifests a power maximization strategy in the international system. In conclusion, China’s transforming role has positively contributed to global climate governance while maintaining its national strategic interests through a combination of ambitious commitments and various policy instruments.
PENOLAKAN LOCKHEED MARTIN TERHADAP PENJUALAN JET TEMPUR F-35 KE TURKI Bustami, Sirwan Yazid; Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain; Suardana, I Ketut; Rezkita, M. Ridho
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i1.221

Abstract

The research aims to analyze the factors influencing Lockheed Martin’s rejection of the sale of the F-35 JSF Fighter Jet to Turkey. The influential factors were examined using a single instrumental-explanatory case study research method. This method provides an in-depth understanding of Lockheed Martin’s decision by analyzing the causal relationships between variables based on the theory of the interests of the home country of multinational corporations and the theory of the nexus of contracts. Data were collected through a literature review and analyzed through several stages, including the selection of themes, topics, and cases; literature reading; formulation of research focus and problems; data collection; data refinement; data processing; data analysis; theoretical dialogue; and conclusion of research results. Based on the findings, Lockheed Martin’s rejection of the sale of the F-35 JSF Fighter Jet to Turkey was influenced by United States national security factors, compliance with the CAATSA sanctions regime, and reputational risk threats.
PEMAKZULAN IMRAN KHAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN DOMINASI DINASTI BHUTTO DAN SHARIF DI PAKISTAN TAHUN 2022 Pratama, Naufal Arief; Kartini, Evida
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i2.230

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how the impeachment of Imran Khan in 2022 was part of an effort to maintain the political dominance of the Bhutto and Sharif dynasties in Pakistan. Imran Khan's victory in the 2018 general election marked a shift in Pakistan’s political power, which had long been dominated by the Bhutto and Sharif families through the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) and the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N). Khan’s success in challenging the dominance of these two dynasties was perceived as a threat to their political existence and long-standing popularity. This research employs a qualitative method with secondary data analysis, including a literature review from various relevant sources, which is then examined through the lens of cartel party theory and the concept of inter-party cooperation. The findings indicate that Imran Khan’s impeachment was an effort by the Bhutto and Sharif dynasties in Pakistan. Both dynasties played a significant role, from the formation of the coalition and consolidation of power to exerting political and legal pressure on Khan. These efforts were aimed at eliminating Khan from the political stage in Pakistan and ensuring he would not pose a threat in the future.
MITIGASI DAN STRATEGI INDONESIA DALAM MENGHADAPI TARIF TRUMP JILID KEDUA Miftahudin, Erwin; Kalam, Rizalul; Abdurrahman, Muhammad Hanif
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i2.231

Abstract

In the contemporary era, economic power has become a key pillar in determining a country’s strategic position within the global political order. International trade is now facing serious challenges due to the implementation of protectionist policies by the United States (US) under the second term of President Donald Trump. The US has imposed high tariffs on several of its trading partners, including Indonesia. This phenomenon reflects a significant shift in US economic policy, which now leans more toward neo-mercantilism. As a result, Indonesia faces several major risks, including declining competitiveness, export levels, investment flows, a potential wave of layoffs, and economic slowdown. This study analyzes the impact of the US’s second wave of protectionism, particularly on Indonesia’s manufacturing industry, from the perspective of international political economy using a qualitative approach. Furthermore, the study evaluates strategic measures that the Indonesian government can adopt, including renegotiation with the US, expansion into non-traditional markets, and strengthening national competitiveness. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the government in formulating resilient and adaptive strategies in response to the dynamics of global protectionism.
COMMUNITY-BASED GASTRODIPLOMACY AND COFFEE AGROTOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF KALIANGKRIK, MAGELANG Shabrina, Aghna Nur; Eristya, Nency Esha
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i2.233

Abstract

This article explores gastrodiplomacy as a strategic approach in developing coffee-based agrotourism in Kaliangkrik, Magelang Regency, by highlighting the role of local communities in building cultural narratives through coffee. This research aims to understand how local coffee can be an instrument of public diplomacy and regional identity building. Using a qualitative interpretive method, this research is based on in-depth interviews, field observations, and literature review. The theoretical framework refers to Rockower’s concept of gastrodiplomacy and Nye’s theory of soft power. The findings show that although the practice of gastrodiplomacy has emerged organically through community-driven tourism experiences, neither the local government nor businesses have developed a systematic and sustainable strategy to promote local coffee internationally. While there have been efforts, such as geographical indication certification and promotional events, these initiatives are still fragmented and not integrated into long-term policies. This study emphasizes the need for a structured and collaborative gastrodiplomacy strategy so that local coffee can not only grow economically but also contribute to shaping the region’s cultural image at the global level.
HUMAN RIGHTS CRISIS IN VENEZUELA: A CASE STUDY OF THE CLOSURE OF THE UN OFFICE IN VENEZUELA IN 2024 Nurman, Syfha Qalbinisa; Sundari, Rio
BHUVANA: Journal of Global Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59408/bjgs.v3i2.236

Abstract

This research explores the ongoing human rights crisis in Venezuela, with an emphasis on the closure of the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Office by the Nicolás Maduro regime in 2024. This closure demonstrates the increasing authoritarian nature and resistance to outside scrutiny of increasingly structured human rights violations by the state. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach as well as the theory of realism and the concept of national interest, this research examines how the Venezuelan government has implemented a defensive strategy to maintain domestic political control and state independence amid external pressure and sanctions. The findings show that the Venezuelan policy of closing the UN Human Rights Offices exacerbates the sense of impunity for human rights violations, deepens the country’s diplomatic isolation, and worsens the social and economic crisis experienced by the people. This research emphasizes the importance of understanding the dynamics of power politics and national interests to decipher interstate relations and the role of international institutions in the context of complex global pressures.

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