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Jurnal Keamanan Nasional
Published by Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya
ISSN : 24427985     EISSN : 25797727     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31599/jkn.v5i2.437
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional is a scientific and open-access journal managed and published by Puskamnas, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya. This journal is a peer-reviewed journal that aims and focuses to publish new work of the highest caliber across the full range of legal scholars, which includes but is not limited to works in security studies, terrorism, political killings, riots, mass riots, rebellions, security disturbances, maritime security, food security, economic security, and others. However, articles are not included in the area of security studies, national security, human security, or any dimension as long as it is in a security perspective, both traditional and non-traditional security.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 190 Documents
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Development, Concerns, and Future In Modern Warfare Rivaldy Armando Kamal; Stanislaus Riyanta; Lin Yola
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL 11 NO. 2 TAHUN 2025
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

The development, use, and prospects of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in contemporary warfare are to be examined in this paper. As it is, this paper collects data from the Google Scholar and Google search engine to form a comprehensive data as to provide facts and thus compile it in a literature review. From early inventions like the Kettering Bug to the present deployment of AI-powered drone swarms, it charts over the evolution of UAVs and emphasizes their increasing strategic significance in combat. The report highlights how UAVs have changed tactical operations, surveillance, and combat strategies through historical analysis, technology assessments, and a case study on the war between Russia and Ukraine. The report also discusses important issues pertaining to moral conundrums, legal frameworks, and counter-drone strategies in reaction to the widespread use of UAV technology. In the end, this study presents insight into how drones, propelled by AI breakthroughs and defense sector innovation, are changing military operations in the future while posing significant strategic and humanitarian issues.
Garis Besar Ideal Demokrasi dalam Islam: Satu Tinjauan Ringkas ahmad nabil amir; Tasnim Abdul Rahman
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL 11 NO. 2 TAHUN 2025
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

This study investigates th conceptual nexus between democracy and the principle of shura within the landscape of contemporary Islamic political thought. It aims to elucidate the compatibility of democratic mechanisms with Islamic axiology through an ethical-constitutional approach grounded in maqasid al-shari’ah (the higher objectives of Islamic law). Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical methodology, the research applies Fazlur Rahman’s hermeneutical framework to critically examine the discourse of prominent intellectuals, specifically Rachid Ghannouchi, Ahmad Al-Raysuni, and Nurcholish Madjid. The findings indicate that, within this interpretive scope, democracy is not merely congruent with the principles of shura and justice, but serves as a vital instrument to fortify Islamic political aspirations for establishing egalitarian, participatory, and accountable governance. Consequently, this article proposes a novel synthesis between Shari’ah-based ethics and modern democratic praxis, offering significant implications for strengthening political architecture in democratizing Muslim nations.
Krisis Energi Eropa Pasca-PerangRusia–Ukraina: Analisis StrategiKetahanan Energi Uni Eropa M.osama Ergi setiawan; Kezya Putri safira; aliyyah early cecilia Herman; Yulia Rimapradesi
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL 11 NO. 2 TAHUN 2025
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

The escalation of the Russia–Ukraine conflict in February 2022 catalyzed a profound energy crisis across Europe, exposing the structural vulnerabilities of the European Union (EU) resulting from its acute dependency on Russian fossil fuel imports. According to data from the European Commission and the International Energy Agency (IEA), Russia supplied approximately 40% of the EU’s natural gas prior to the conflict—a condition that fundamentally destabilized regional energy security and economic stability. This study analyzes the EU’s strategic responses to the crisis and evaluates the efficacy of these policies in mitigating energy reliance on Russia. Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical framework, the research synthesizes secondary data from international institutional reports and academic literature on energy geopolitics. The findings demonstrate that through supply diversification, the acceleration of the renewable energy transition, enhanced energy efficiency, and strengthened regional solidarity—specifically via the REPowerEU initiative and the Green Deal Industrial Plan—the EU successfully reduced its dependence on Russian energy to below 10% during the 2022–2023 period. Oil imports from Russia also dropped from 27% to 6%, while coal imports fell to zero. These results indicate that the energy crisis served as a critical driver for regional policy transformation, notwithstanding persistent challenges such as high transition costs and disparate adaptation capacities among member states.
Redefinisi Ketertiban Umum dari Kontrol Aparat Menuju Ketenteraman yang Berpihak pada Kesejahteraan Psikologis Masyarakat Rizma Afian Azhiim; Gema Ramadhan Bastari
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL 11 NO. 2 TAHUN 2025
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

Law No. 23/2014 mandates public order and ‘ketenteraman’ (Trantibum) as a basic service but critically fails to provide an operational definition. This absence creates a fundamental legal gap, resulting in regulatory confusion, arbitrary enforcement, and significant human rights risks. Academic discourse mirrors this failure by focusing on the technical implementation by apparatuses like Satpol PP, rather than the conceptual void. This effectively normalizes discretionary power and equates Trantibum with social control. This study aims to fill this gap by reconstructing the meaning of Trantibum. Using a qualitative method with discourse analysis on regulations and scientific literature, the study presents key findings. First, the 'public' dimension of Trantibum refers to a governance dimension that necessitates accountability, transparency, and the rule of law. Second, 'public order' operates through two power relations: necessary standardization and high-risk securitization, which treats issues as security threats. Third, 'tranquility' is a subjective state of psychological well-being reconstructed through tranquility (democratic public space), composure (collective balance against threats), and serenity (religious freedom). The study concludes that realizing Trantibum as a basic service requires a paradigm shift from apparatus-centered control toward safeguarding democratic values, promoting a positive security discourse, and protecting religious freedom, in line with the principles of human security, which place individual well-being at the center of national security.
Militerisasi Agrikultur: Keterlibatan Militer Dalam Program Food Estate Indonesia 2020-2024 Wildan Faisol; Heri Herdiawanto; Ashabriel Nadiva Candialmeera; Nobel Jihadine; Muhamad Arif
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL 11 NO. 2 TAHUN 2025
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered global food security threats, prompting the Indonesian government to launch the Food Estate as a National Strategic Project. A defining feature of this policy is the active involvement of the military, with the Ministry of Defence appointed as the leading sector. This study analyzes the factors and implications of military involvement in food governance (2020–2024) through Donald Travis’s Pragmatic Civil Control theory. Findings indicate that the government utilized the pandemic as a "political opportunity" to prioritize military command efficiency over civilian bureaucratic processes. While this pragmatic approach seeks rapid results, it reflects "food securitization" that bypasses traditional democratic checks. Evidence shows a significant disconnect between these efficiency goals and reality: the marginalization of Dayak indigenous rights in Central Kalimantan, a lack of public participation, and a shift toward centralized, hierarchical governance. Ultimately, the normalization of the military’s role in civilian spheres risks deepening democratic regression. This study concludes that such pragmatism may revive "dual function" (dwifungsi) patterns, threatening civilian supremacy and the sustainability of Indonesia’s post-Reformasi democratic values.
Dilema Reformasi Struktural Polri: Menakar Keseimbangan Independensi dan Akuntabilitas di Bawah Presiden atau Kementerian Edi Saputra Hasibuan
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL. 12 NO. 1 TAHUN 2026 (JULY 2026)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

The placement of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) within the constitutional structure—directly under the President or under a ministry—remains a contested issue in Indonesia’s security-sector reform amid a persistent deficit in public trust and human rights protection. This article analyses the direction of police reform and weighs the constitutional consequences of both placement options. Employing a juridical-normative method with statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches, this study examines primary and secondary legal materials, including Constitutional Court Decision No. 19/PUU-XXIII/2025. The study finds that the dichotomy of ‘under the President versus under a ministry’ is a false binary: the quality of democratic policing depends not on the structural locus but on the design of institutional safeguards: namely, guaranteed operational independence of investigation, legally empowered external oversight, and transparency. Comparative evidence from the United Kingdom, Japan, and France shows that police placed under a ministry can remain professional and democratic when such safeguards exist. The article recommends retaining Polri under the President while reconstructing the National Police Commission (Kompolnas) from an advisory body into an oversight body with binding ethical-investigative authority through amendment of Law No. 2 of 2002.
Ilmu Kepolisian dalam Perspektif European Police College Eko Rudi Sudarto
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL. 12 NO. 1 TAHUN 2026 (JULY 2026)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

Police science has evolved alongside the increasing complexity of policing functions in modern society. In Europe, its development gained significant momentum through the initiatives of the European Police College (CEPOL), which promotes an integrated scientific approach to policing. This article aims to analyze the concept of police science from the CEPOL perspective based on the report Perspectives of Police Science in Europe. The study employs a qualitative library research method through the analysis of official CEPOL documents. The findings indicate that to enhance police professionalism, police science is understood as an interdisciplinary applied discipline integrating law, criminology, sociology, psychology, and management. CEPOL emphasizes the interconnection between research, education, and operational practice, as well as the importance of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law as the fundamental principles guiding policing in addressing contemporary security challenges. In the context of current global issues, such as transnational crime, terrorism, irregular migration, cybercrime, and hybrid threats, a knowledge-based police science approach has become increasingly relevant for strengthening the adaptive capacity of police institutions. For Indonesia, the CEPOL perspective provides a valuable conceptual framework for the development of police science capable of responding to evolving national security challenges, including the management of transnational crime, digital transformation in policing, and the strengthening of democratic and accountable security governance.
Sekuritisasi Transaksional dalam Krisis Venezuela: Analisis Politik dan Hukum Keamanan atas Penangkapan Nicolás Maduro Sidratahta Muktar; Laurencius Simanjuntak; Aly Ashghor
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL. 12 NO. 1 TAHUN 2026 (JULY 2026)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

This article examines the arrest of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro by the United States in January 2026 through the perspectives of security law and securitization theory. Although the operation was officially justified on the basis of narco-terrorism charges, the use of military force within the territory of a sovereign state raises significant questions concerning the principles of state sovereignty and international law. Employing a normative legal approach combined with the Copenhagen School's securitization theory, this study analyzes how Venezuela's strategic oil resources were discursively reconstructed as an existential threat to U.S. national security through the interaction of speech acts, audience acceptance, and political legitimization, thereby enabling the adoption of extraordinary measures. The findings indicate that the United States acted as the principal securitizing actor, portraying the Maduro regime as a national security threat while simultaneously advancing strategic interests related to energy security and access to Venezuela's oil resources. Building upon these findings, this article introduces the concept of transactional securitization, which explains how security discourse may function not only to legitimize exceptional security measures but also to facilitate strategic economic objectives. This conceptual development extends the explanatory scope of classical securitization theory by demonstrating that successful securitization may be followed by the political and economic reconfiguration of strategically valuable natural resources. From the perspective of international law, the Maduro case raises important questions concerning the principles of Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources (PSNR) and good faith in the exercise of state authority, while illustrating the increasingly blurred boundary between national security and geopolitical economic competition.
Human Security Dalam Kontra-Terorisme Melalui Whole of Government dan Whole of Society: Studi Kasus Implementasi RAN PE 2021-2025 Afnia Sari; Wachid Ridwan
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL. 12 NO. 1 TAHUN 2026 (JULY 2026)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

The emergence of violent extremism as a prominent non-traditional security threat has driven a fundamental shift in security governance, transitioning from state-centric, coercive approaches toward preventive and collaborative models. In Indonesia, this transformation is institutionalized through the National Action Plan on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism Leading to Terrorism (RAN PE) 2021–2025, which operationalizes Whole-of-Government (WoG) and Whole-of-Society (WoS) approaches. Employing a constructivist perspective, this study examines how global norms of Human Security and Preventing Violent Extremism (PVE) are diffused and localized into Indonesia’s domestic security practices through state–civil society interactions. The study finds that while the RAN PE marks a significant evolution from a predominantly law enforcement-oriented model toward a preventive, community-based governance architecture, implementation remains shaped by enduring state-centric security logics. Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) act as key norm entrepreneurs, strengthening social cohesion, peace education, and community resilience while translating global norms into locally contextualized practices. Consequently, the RAN PE represents both a strategic policy shift and a structural negotiation between state and non-state actors over contemporary security governance. This paper contributes to the P/CVE literature by illustrating how the interplay between WoG and WoS frameworks mediates norm localization, underscoring the critical role of institutionalized state–civil society collaboration for sustainable, preventive security governance.
Model Integratif Protective Nudge dan Collaborative Policing dalam Safeguarding Keamanan Budaya Takbenda di Indonesia Djuni Thamrin; Emi Winarno
Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL KEAMANAN NASIONAL VOL. 12 NO. 1 TAHUN 2026 (JULY 2026)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Keamanan Nasional (Puskamnas) Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/

Abstract

The safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) has evolved beyond cultural preservation into a complex public governance challenge requiring coordinated action among governments, local communities, civil society organizations, academia, the private sector, and law enforcement agencies. Although the UNESCO 2003 Convention advocates community-centred safeguarding, existing studies largely conceptualize collaboration as an implementation mechanism rather than as an institutional governance architecture. This study addresses this gap by developing a Collaborative Multi-Stakeholder Governance Model (CMSGM) that institutionalizes collaborative governance for the sustainable safeguarding of ICH in Indonesia. A qualitative case study was employed using the Kebaya Goes to UNESCO initiative as the empirical context. Data were collected through five Focus Group Discussions, semi-structured interviews with 145 purposively and snowball-selected informants, participant observation, and documentary analysis. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, supported by triangulation and trustworthiness procedures. The findings reveal that effective ICH safeguarding depends on institutionalized collaboration rather than regulatory intervention alone. Community participation remains constrained by government-led decision-making, highlighting the need to reposition communities as co-producers of public value. The study further demonstrates that adaptive governance emerges through the integration of Collaborative Governance, Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships, Polycentric Governance, and Collaborative Policing, with the Indonesian National Police serving as a boundary-spanning institution that facilitates coordination, conflict mediation, and cultural security. The proposed CMSGM advances governance theory by shifting collaboration from a policy implementation mechanism to an institutional policy design. This study contributes to the literature on cultural governance by offering an integrative governance framework that strengthens legitimacy, collaborative capacity, and the long-term sustainability of living heritage, while providing practical guidance for public policy reform in Indonesia and other culturally diverse societies.

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