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Nur Indah Septriani
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Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 08537240     EISSN : 29644429     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bib.v14i3
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary
Biologi Fungsional, Struktur dan Perkembangan, Bioteknologi dan Biologi Molekuler, serta Biologi Lingkungan dan Biodiversitas
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 59 Documents
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Antibacterial Activity of Leaf and Twig Extracts of Castanopsis argentea (Blume) A.DC. Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Amalia, Alifa; Lailaty, Intani Quarta; Surya, Muhammad Imam; Nuringtyas, Tri Rini; Damayanti, Frisca
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i1.19731

Abstract

Castanopsis argentea is a potential souce of natural antibiotics that has not been studied much. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity and study the content of secondary metabolites from leaves and twigs extract of Castanopsis argentea against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This study used the paper disk method to see antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activiy was indicated by the formation of a clear zone around the dic paper. Samples were made into three treatments, namely the concentration of 20 mg/ml; 40 mg/ml; and 80 mg/ml. the solvent used was selected based on the level of polarity namely ethyl acetate, 70% ethanol, and aquades. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the extract with the most potential to inhibit bacterial growth was ethyl acetate twig extract at a concentration of 80 mg/ml with an average diameter of 6mm for Escherichia coli bacteria and 8.67 mm for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The compounds identified in the ethyl acetate twig extract are terpenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. The results of profiling using UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed that the maximum absorption of terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolics compounds was found in the wavelength range of 300-600 nm. The secondary metabolite compounds contained in the leaf and twig extracts of Castanopsi argentea make this species a potential natural antibacterial.
Bioremediasi Fosfat Limbah Detergen dan Model Kinetika Reaksi SPIROFILTER Berbasis Spirogyra porticalis (O.F. Mueller) Cleve Siswanti, Dwi Umi; Rain, Oryza Enwiera; Sinambela, Benn Gerson Juan Moreno
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i1.20524

Abstract

Wastewater has become a source of environmental problems caused by the content of chemicals that are harmful to the environment, including detergent waste. Detergent is a cleaning agent that contains surfactants, phosphate compounds, and other additives. Efforts to handle this detergent waste have been carried out communally or on a large scale in a reactor called IPAL (Wastewater Treatment Plant). However, no effective household-scale IPAL prototype has been found to restore wastewater quality to raw water that can be reused. So a prototype IPAL was built called SPIROFILTER which combines the filtration process by zeolite, activated charcoal, and cotton as well as hyperaccumulation by Spirogyra porticalis. This study aims to determine the role of S. porticalis, analyze wastewater quality, analyze the growth of S. porticalis, and determine the reaction kinetics model (PFO or PSO) in the absorption of phosphate in wastewater that has been filtered with SPIROFILTER. The research design was in the form of measuring the growth of S. porticalis and the quality of water before filtration (control), water after the 3rd day, and water after the 5th day. The parameters measured were temperature, pH, salinity, total phosphorus, total ammonia, BOD, COD, number of water germs, and chlorophyll content. This study used a UV-vis spectrophotometer and AAS for water quality testing. SPIROFILTER was an aquarium measuring 40x60x20 cm3 to which 132 mL of detergent was added in 22 liters of water. The results of the study proved that S. porticalis acted as a hyperaccumulator, the quality of water filtered by SPIROFILTER met water quality standards, the growth of S. porticalis remained optimum in detergent waste environmental conditions, the kinetic model of the phosphorus binding reaction from detergent waste used the Pseudo Second Order model in SPIROFILTER. Keywords: Detergent waste, Reaction kinetics, SPIROFILTER, Spirogyra porticalis, Water quality standards
Mortalitas Kutu Kebul (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889)) pada Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) yang Terpengaruh oleh Ekstrak Metanol Daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Pury, O Ruming; Rosa, Emantis; Mumtazah, Dzul Fithria; Yulianty, Yulianty
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i1.20739

Abstract

Chili is a highly popular commodity plant among the public. However, domestic chili productivity often declines due to pest infestations. Whiteflies are one of the pests that can affect chili production yields. Cassava leaves serve as an alternative for producing natural insecticides to combat whitefly infestations. The objective of this study is to determine the phytochemical compounds present, evaluate the effectiveness of cassava leaf methanol extract, and identify the optimal concentration of cassava leaf methanol extract and observation time for the highest whitefly mortality rate on chili plants. This research is a factorial experimental study with two factors using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the concentration of cassava leaf methanol extract (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%), along with a negative control (distilled water) and a positive control (40% methomyl). The second factor is the observation time, which consists of 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 24 hours after treatment. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS, followed by a Tukey test. Phytochemical tests revealed that the methanol extract of cassava leaves contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and cyanide acid (HCN). Probit analysis results showed an LC50 value at a concentration of 32.61%. The Tukey test results indicated that cassava leaf methanol extract had the most significant effect on whitefly mortality at a 40% concentration with a treatment duration of 2 hours.
Ecological Study of Mosquito Larvae Breeding Site Anopheles Malaria Vector in Abandoned Ponds Hanura Village Setyaningrum, Endah; Qoyima, Allafia; Priyambodo, Priyambodo; Pratami, Gina Dania
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i1.20802

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease that is common in tropical and sub-tropical climates, making malaria endemic areas. One of the villages in Teluk Pandan District, Pesawaran Regency, Hanura Village is close to an abandoned pond which is a breeding place for malaria vectors which is the cause of malaria cases in Pesawaran. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between physical and chemical factors and the density of Anopheles larvae and to identify types of aquatic plants and aquatic animals and their influence on the density of Anopheles mosquito larvae. in Hanura Village, Teluk Pandan District. The method used in this research is a survey method and observation of several ecological factors in the breeding places of malaria mosquito vectors. The measurement results showed that physical and chemical factors in DO had a positive correlation with larval density. Biological factors found include chicken stomach moss (Enteromorpha intestinalis), sea turtles (Limnoporus canaliculatus), back swimmers (Notonecta undulata), snakehead fish (Channa striata), water beetles (Tropisternus sp.), and tadpoles (Anura). The higher the population of aquatic plants, the higher the density of mosquito larvae. Meanwhile, the higher the population of aquatic animals, the lower the density of mosquito larvae.
Diversity Of Mangrove Plants In Balikpapan Bay and Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan Province Haydar, Muhammad Hijri; Atmoko, Tri; Indonesia
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i2.10311

Abstract

Mangroves provide many benefits for the environment and humans. Overexploitation will damage mangrove plants so that it will reduce the benefits of mangroves. Mangrove plant inventory can provide information on the diversity and composition of mangroves in Balikpapan Bay and Mahakam Delta as a database for mangrove monitoring. This study was conducted to study the diversity and comparison of mangrove plant composition in Balikpapan Bay and Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Sampling is carried out by tracing the waterway with the purposive sampling method. The samples were dried into dried herbarium specimens and identified at the Plant Systematics Laboratory, Faculty of Biology UGM. The identification work was completed with descriptions and artificial identification keys then continued with a comparative analysis of the composition using the Sorensen Similarity Index. The results of research conducted showed that there are 44 species belonging to 15 orders, 25 families, and 35 genera. Balikpapan Bay shows higher mangrove diversity, with 32 species, compared to Mahakam Delta, with 24 species. The most common genera are Avicennia, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Rhizophora, Sonneratia, and Xylocarpus. The species composition of mangroves between Mahakam Delta and Balikpapan Bay shows a low level of similarity, with a similarity value of 40.67%.
Kelayakan Kawasan Nglanggeran, Indonesia sebagai Lokasi Pelepasliaran Burung Pemangsa Eprilurahman, Rury
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i2.18582

Abstract

The release of birds of prey requires suitable habitats to ensure the success and survival of the species in the wild. This study aimed to conduct a habitat assessment in the Nglanggeran area, Yogyakarta, as a potential release site for birds of prey. The methods included exploratory and stationary observations to record the species, numbers, behavior, and movement of birds of prey, complemented by data collection on other bird species, potential prey, and threats through semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the Nglanggeran area, dominated by teak, mahogany, acacia, and fruit trees, supports birds of prey such as the Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela), Spotted Kestrel (Falco moluccensis), Chinese Goshawk (Accipiter soloensis), and Oriental Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus). This habitat was deemed suitable based on the availability of food, nesting sites, and minimal threats. These findings support the potential of Nglanggeran as a release site for birds of prey in the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta region.
Species Diversity of Epiphytes Lichens in Kopeng Treetop Adventure Park and Umbul Sanga, Mount Merbabu National Park Untari, Ludmilla
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i2.20070

Abstract

Mount Merbabu is one of the national parks in Indonesia, located in the Mount Merbabu area. Mt. Merbabu is located in three regencies, Magelang Regency, Boyolali Regency and Semarang Regency. This national park area is a protected forest area, which is an important habitat for the diversity of flora and fauna. One of the important groups of organisms found in the area is lichens. The lichens are an organism that is the result of a symbiosis between algae and fungi and has a very high diversity. The objective of this study is to determine the diversity of lichens species in Kopeng Treetop Adventure Park and Umbul Sanga, Mount Merbabu National Park. Kopeng Treetop Adventure Park and Umbul Sanga are areas within Mount Merbabu National Park, which is a tourist area. Sampling was carried out using the purposive random sampling method, then identification was carried out based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics as well as chemical characteristics using a simple spot test. The identification results showed a number of 19 species, namely Crytothecia sp., Diploicia canescens, Graphis scripta, Hypotrachyna britannica, Hypotrachyna revoluta, Lecanora conizaeoides, Lecanora expallens, Lepraria lobificans, Lepraria neglecta, Lepraria nivalis, Candelaria sp., Parmelia sp., Parmelia sulcata, Parmelia tiliacea, Parmotrema perlatum, Parmotrema crinitum, Platismatia glauca, and Xanthoparmelia mougeotii. A description of each species is presented in this article.
Profil Bioaktif Madu Lebah Tak Bersengat Berdasarkan Jenis Sumber Nektar Bahar, Irnayanti; Astuti, Wiwik Wiji; Suhri, Andi Gita Maulidyah Indraswari
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i2.21907

Abstract

Stingless bee honey (Meliponini) is a natural product with strategic value in the functional food and health industries due to its unique bioactive compound content. However, variations in honey composition based on nectar sources in Indonesia, have not been thoroughly documented. This study aims to analyze the differences in moisture content, total sugars, polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial properties of stingless bee honey derived from different nectar sources. Honey samples were obtained from three distinct vegetative sources: acacia, rambutan, and longan nectars. Laboratory analyses were conducted using standard methods, including spectrophotometry for measuring sugar and polyphenol contents, DPPH assay for antioxidant activity, and disc diffusion method for antimicrobial testing. The results showed that honey from rambutan nectar had the lowest moisture content (23.5% ±1.2), the highest polyphenol content (356 ±21 mg GAE/100g), and the strongest antioxidant activity (IC50 12.4 mg/mL). In addition, this honey also demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone of 14.2 ±1.5 mm. These findings indicate that nectar source plays a crucial role in determining honey quality, and may serve as a foundation for the development of high-value honey products based on local floral biodiversity.
Kajian Etnobotani Tanaman Asam (Tamarindus indica L.) Di Manatuto Vila Timor-Leste Pinto, Alice
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v16i2.22700

Abstract

Abstract: Tamarindus indica L. is a type of multifunctional tree, because it has various ethnobotanical benefits. This study aims to determine the sources of tamarind plant, the use of ethnobotany and the source of local community knowledge regarding the ethnobotanical utilization of this plant. The type of this research is a qualitative and the methods used are interview and observation. The research results show that the local community could obtain tamarind from their yards with the highest percentage at 74%. The results of ethnobotanical utilization shows that acid seeds as a food ingredient with the highest IC value of 100%, followed by the use of leaves and fruits as traditional medicine with a value of 98%, leaves shoots, fruit and flowers as kitchen spices with a value of 96%, the use of branches and twigs as firewood with a value of 88%. The sources of this knowledge were obtained from the ancestors with the highest percentage of 98%. Thus, it can be concluded that tamarind plant has multiple functions in ethnobotany, which is a cultural heritage from their ancestors and still preserved at present.

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