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Diah Anggraini Austin
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Palito: Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30310075     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077/palito.2.2.72-86.2023
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Social,
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social) is a journal published by Andalas Institute of International Studies (ASSIST) as a platform dedicated to a better understanding of international issues that aims to develop international studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 59 Documents
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Sekuritisasi Isu Kudeta Militer Myanmar Tahun 2021 oleh Indonesia terhadap Association Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Khairiah, Annisa; Muhammad Yusra; Rifki Dermawan
Palito Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

On February 1, 2021, the military junta carried out a coup against the Myanmar government for alleged fraud in the November 2020 election which won Aung San Suu Kyi from the National Lead Democracy (NLD) Party. This coup directly impacted the security of Myanmar's neighboring countries and the international community, resulting in threats to the stability and sovereignity of ASEAN member states in Southeast Asia. This study aims to explain the stages of securitization carried out by Indonesia through President Joko Widodo and Indonesia Foreign Minister, Retno Marsudi, as part of ASEAN. These stages will be analyzed using the concept of securitization, which explains through two stages, raising the issue and convincing the audience. The method in this research uses qualitative method with descriptive approach that utilizes secondary data that has been found. This study found that President Joko Widodo and Indonesia Foreign Minister, Retno Marsudi securitized the issue against ASEAN member countries by making some efforts and giving various statements. These statements form an idea construction that the issue of Myanmar's military coup is a threat and requires collective emergency action. At the stage of raising the issue, Indonesia was the country that responded to the issue of the Myanmar military coup and was assisted by several functional actors outside the region. At the stage of convincing the audience, Indonesia held a bilateral meeting with the Prime Minister of Malaysia, a meeting with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Myanmar, doing shuttle diplomacy and issued a series of statements to its audience. From this stage, it was found that Indonesia succeeded in legitimizing the issue of the Myanmar coup, thereby making ASEAN reach a consensus by holding the ASEAN Leader's Meeting (ALM) and forming five-point consensus. Keywords: Indonesia, Joko Widodo, Myanmar Military Coup, Retno Marsudi, Securitization.
Upaya Diplomasi Budaya Indonesia melalui Rumah Budaya Indonesia di Malaysia Setiawan, Teguh; Harza, Zulkifli; Jamilah, Maryam
Palito Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

In Indonesia, each region has its own distinct culture, such as traditional dress, traditional lineage system, food and dance. This makes culture an identity. Culture is an important element in the development process or sustainability of a nation. In developed societies, cultural change usually occurs through discovery in the form of new creations (innovation) and through the process of diffusion. This research is a qualitative study with a literature study. The research was analyzed using the conceptual framework of cultural diplomacy. As a state apparatus that has a mission and goal to realize and improve effective and productive cultural diplomacy, the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) initiated the establishment of an Indonesian cultural center called RBI (Rumah Budaya Indonesia). RBI is a place to promote Indonesian culture to other countries to improve the image, appreciation and build friendship through culture with the international community towards Indonesia. RBI is made as a representation of Indonesia, a place to get to know the culture that Indonesia has abroad. RBI has been present in 10 countries, namely Timor Leste, the United States, Australia, the Netherlands, Japan, Germany, South Korea, France, Malaysia, and Turkey. Then in 2017 the RBI program was born in Malaysia.
Dampak Kerjasama Bilateral Currency Swap Arrangement Terhadap Penggunaan Dolar Dalam Perekonomian Indonesia dan Korea Selatan Harahap, Salma Wanda Alifia; Muhammad Yusra; Poppy Irawan
Palito Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

This research aims to further analyze Bilateral Currency Swap Arrangement (BCSA) cooperation between Indonesia and South Korea. This cooperation have agreed to extend on March 6 2020 for the same period of 3 years and worth IDR 115 trillion. The BCSA cooperation is expected to enable currency exchange using local currency. This research aims to see the impact of BCSA collaboration on reduce the use of the United States dollar. The research methods is qualitative methodology where the data for the research is obtained from various reading sources such as scientific journals, news, and official government websites. This research analyzes BCSA cooperation in two relevant dedollarization policies conceptions from IMF Working Paper 2010. Fiscal consolidation explain to maintain the state budget deficit and Monetary Policy carried out by the central bank to achieve inflation stability affect both countries in achieving macroeconomic stability. This research discover the BCSA coorperation achieved a trade surplus during the cooperation and increases the stable foreign exchange reserves of both countries diversification. The increase in the use of local currencies also continues as the country's economy continues to improve. The increase in the use of this currency is also based on ongoing investment and exports.
Pertimbangan Strategis Jepang dalam Perang Dagang dengan Korea Selatan (2019–2023) Adibah, Rafiqah; Afriani Sinulingga, Anita; Cory, Silvi
Palito Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

Trade war between Japan and South Korea since 2019 highlights economic tensions triggered by historical and political issues as well as strategic interests in the technology sector. This conflict originated from the South Korean Supreme Court’s decision demanding compensation from Japanese companies for forced labor practices during World War II. In response, Japan implemented export restrictions on semiconductor materials, impacting South Korea’s technology industry. This study aims to analyze Japan’s national interests in this trade war used the concept of national interest by Charles Chong-Han Wu. This study using a qualitative approach and a descriptive-analytical type of research. The findings indicate that Japan seeks to maintain its economic control through dominance in the semiconductor sector and secure its strategic position in the global market. Additionally, the export restrictions are seen as a measure to protect Japan’s national security within the context of technological competition. In conclusion, this trade war reflects the fragile economic interdependence between the two countries and underscores the need for more stable diplomatic strategies. Keywords: Japan, National Interest, Semiconductor, South Korea, Trade War
Difusi Norma Melalui Media: Al Jazeera dan Respons Masyarakat Sipil Global Indonesia atas Konflik Israel–Palestina (2023–2024) Prima, Joy; Setyaka, Virtuous; Jamilah, Maryam
Palito Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict continues to be a global issue that receives widespread attention, including in Indonesia. As an international media outlet, Al Jazeera plays a significant role in framing the narrative of this conflict through its reporting. This study aims to describe Al Jazeera's role in influencing the Global Civil Society groups in Indonesia through its coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, using the Norm Life Cycle theory by Finnemore & Sikkink. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analytical approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with representatives of three Global Civil Society groups in Indonesia: the Free Palestine Network (FPN), the National Committee for the Palestinian People of West Sumatra (KNRP Sumbar), and the Andalas University Student Justice for Palestine (UNAND SJP). Secondary data were collected through a literature review and framing analysis of nine Al Jazeera news articles published between October 2023 and October 2024. Data analysis techniques included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that Al Jazeera plays a norm entrepreneur role in shaping and disseminating norms. Al Jazeera has successfully shaped, disseminated, and internalized key norms through its reporting. The norms of resistance to colonialism, protection of non-combatants, and upholding human rights have been adopted by MSG groups in Indonesia. This research is limited to the 2023–2024 period and involves only three of the four planned Global Civil Society groups. The analysis also focuses on the global level without involving state actors.
Motivasi Kerja Sama Pembangunan Internasional Indonesia Melalui Indonesian AID di Mozambik dan Kenya Meylan Zhara Astira; Apriwan; Maryam Jamilah
Palito Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Inpress PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

Indonesia as an emerging donor remains committed to increasing foreign aid to Mozambique and Kenya every year. As a fellow developing country, Indonesia establishes development cooperation to support the acceleration of development in the two countries that are implementing the development agenda to achieve stability and sustainability. In addition, the geopolitics of international development between traditional donors such as the United States and China have existed and dominated most of the foreign aid provision in Mozambique and Kenya. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's motivation to conduct international development cooperation through Indonesian AID to Mozambique and Kenya. Indonesia's motivation analyzed using Raymond F. Hopskins' theory of foreign aid motivation, namely global public goods, economic development, domestic coalitions and increased concessions from recipients and using descriptive qualitative methods. This research finds that the Indonesian government's motivation in providing foreign aid to Mozambique and Kenya is related to Indonesia's participation in solving global problems based on normative goals, access to energy resources such as oil, gas and minerals as well as opening up new trade, investment and market opportunities in Mozambique and Kenya, encouragement from state-owned enterprises and targeting Indonesia's continued cooperation with the two countries.
Peran Singapura dalam ASEAN Agreement on Electronic Commerce (AAEC) Euis Putri Rahmadhani; Muhammad Yusra
Palito Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Inpress PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

ASEAN Agreement on Electronic Commerce (AAEC) is an agreement in Southeast Asia initiated by Singapore that aims to facilitate cross-border e-commerce cooperation in the region. This research analyzes the role of Singapore in the ASEAN Agreement on Electronic Commerce. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive and exploratory research using primary and secondary data. This research uses National Role Conceptions by K.J. Holsti to analyze the role of Singapore in AAEC. The researchers identify four national role conceptions, such as regional leader, regional-subsystem collaborator, developer, and example. Singapore’s role as a regional leader is evidenced by Singapore leading the e-commerce task force in the region and initiating the AAEC. Role as a regional-subsystem collaborator, Singapore shows a commitment to establishing cooperation between ASEAN member states and aims to achieve common interests through AAEC. Singapore collaborated with Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam in the e-commerce task force. Singapore actively cooperates with other ASEAN member states to implement the area of cooperation in AAEC. Singapore’s role as the developer has developed Singapore Cooperation Centres in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Lao PDR aims to give training and workshops about e-commerce. The role as example, Singapore is a country with the most advanced e-commerce infrastructure in the region and becoming an example for other countries. Singapore inspires other ASEAN member states to support the implementation of AAEC. Keywords: ASEAN Agreement on Electronic Commerce, Southeast Asia, E-Commerce, National Role Conceptions, Singapore.
Sekuritisasi Imigran Muslim dalam Kampanye dan Awal Pemerintahan Donald Trump Tahun 2015–2018 Rifandra Aulia Rachmadi; Virtuous Setyaka; Zulkifli Harza
Palito Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Inpress PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

This study examines the securitization process of Muslim immigrant issue in the United States during Donald Trump’s presidency. In this context, Muslim immigrants were framed as a threat to national security through a discourse constructed around associations with terrorism. Through speech acts, Trump shaped public perception to regard this issue as an existential threat requiring extraordinary measures, as outlined in the Copenhagen School’s securitization theory. This strategy was part of Trump’s political maneuver to gain electoral support in the 2016 presidential election by amplifying anti-immigrant and Islamophobic narratives. Trump’s election as president indirectly legitimized the anti-immigrant rhetoric promoted during his campaign, which was subsequently translated into a series of intimidating immigration policies. This securitization process culminated in the implementation of emergency-like measures targeting Muslim immigrants, most notably through the Travel Ban policy, which restricted entry from seven Muslim-majority countries.
Pelaksanaan Fungsi International Labour Organization (ILO) Melalui Better Work Bangladesh dalam Perlindungan Pekerja Perempuan Zahra Wiranda; Anita Afriani Sinulingga; Diah Anggraini Austin
Palito Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Inpress PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

This research aims to analyze the functions of the international organizations, specifically the International Labour Organization (ILO) through the Better Work Bangladesh (BWB) program in promoting decent work for female workers in Bangladesh’s garment industry. Despite being the world’s second-largest garment exporter with a predominantly female workforce, the fulfillment of workers’ rights remains inadequate. Using the framework of International Governmental Organizations (IGOs) proposed by Karns, Mingst, and Stiles, the research examines how BWB addresses gender discrimination, enhances training opportunities, and fosters inclusive workplaces. Employing a qualitative descriptive case study, the study relies on document analysis of annual reports, ILO publications, and related sources. The findings indicate that BWB has improved compliance with labor standards, particularly regarding working hours, wages, non-discrimination, and protection for women workers. Initiatives such as GEAR and Mothers@Work, implemented in collaboration with the IFC and national stakeholders, further strengthened gender-responsive labor governance. The study concludes that BWB serves as a collaborative platform linking international and domestic actors in advancing decent work and gender equality in Bangladesh’s garment sector.

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