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Diah Anggraini Austin
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Palito: Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30310075     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077/palito.2.2.72-86.2023
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Social,
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social) is a journal published by Andalas Institute of International Studies (ASSIST) as a platform dedicated to a better understanding of international issues that aims to develop international studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 48 Documents
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Space Weaponization Oleh India Melalui Uji Senjata Anti-Satelit Pada Tahun 2019 Andini Veronica; Haiyyu Darman Moenir; Maryam Jamilah
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.213

Abstract

On 27 March 2019, India announced the successful test of its kinetic Anti-Satellite space weapon (ASAT) by shooting down a Microsat-R satellite in low earth orbit. The 2019 ASAT test marked a shift in the direction of India's civilian and antiarms space policy since the country's early use of space resources. The research objective is to analyze India's reasons for arming its peaceful space through the 2019 ASAT test using a neorealism perspective, with qualitative research methods and an analytical descriptive approach from secondary data sources. The research results show that China's rise as a challenger to US hegemony and the strong space cooperation between Beijing and Islamabad have the effect of a security dilemma for India. The two countries are India's strategic rivals in the region, so India needs to build deterrence for its vital space assets, as well as an effort to balance forces. Besides that, ASAT arrangements are not yet absolute at this time causing India to need to test the weapon, given India's experience with non-nuclear state status according to the NPT regime. Keywords: Anti-Satellite Test, Neorealism, Space Security, Space Weapon, Space Weaponization.
Bergabungnya International Organization for Migration (IOM) Menjadi Agen Migrasi Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB) Juliani Az Zahra; Apriwan; Setyaka, Virtuous
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.250

Abstract

After World War II, Europe was plagued by problems due to population density and the high flow of migrant mobility entering Europe. This phenomenon encouraged countries to form an organization to manage the movement of people and logistics in the European region known as the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Despite being established with a limited, temporary mandate, and outside the UN framework, IOM managed to grow, proving its expertise and role in various global migration events to become one of the leading actors in global migration. However, in 2016, IOM decided to form a more formal bond of cooperation by signing the 2016 Agreement which also marked the incorporation of IOM into the UN, making IOM a "UN Migration Agency". This research explains the reasons for IOM's incorporation into the UN system. This research uses qualitative methods and uses data from secondary sources. The researcher used Principal-Agent Theory which relies on the relationship of delegation of duties and authority. This research emphasizes that IOM's joining was driven by IOM's interest in obtaining resources, such as funding, recognition, expansion of influence, and certain privileges and immunities, to achieve goals in accordance with its global strategy. Keywords: Migration Governance, International Organization for Migration, United Nations
Keputusan Indonesia Mengeluarkan Kebijakan Pelarangan Ekspor Bijih Nikel pada Tahun 2019 Janwal Almuthazim; Apriwan; Cory, Silvi
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.253

Abstract

In 2019, through the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation Number 11/2019, the Indonesian government officially issued a policy to ban the export of nickel ore. The policy received negative reactions from both domestic and international actors, as it was considered disadvantageous to Indonesia's interests and contrary to international trade rules in the World Trade Organization (WTO). This study examines whether the nickel ore export ban policy implemented by the Indonesian government is rational. out this, Graham T. Allison's Rational Actor Model theory is used, which consists of four stages, namely, determining goals and objectives, determining alternative policy options, determining the consequences of each policy option and the last is a rational choice. This research is categorized as qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach, utilizing secondary data. Based on the results of the analysis, it is found that the nickel ore export ban policy issued in 2019 is not a rational choice because when viewed from the political, environmental, and economic aspects of the policy it produces more losses for Indonesia than benefits. The benefits gained are more likely to be enjoyed by multinational companies (MNCs) from China that have long invested in Indonesia. Keywords: Nickel Ore Export Ban Policy, Indonesia, China, Rational Actor Model, Multinational Corporation
Faktor-Faktor Pendorong Polandia Menentang The European Green Deal Tahun 2019-2023 Fitri, Nela Elfita; Apriwan; Diah Anggraini Austin
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.290

Abstract

In 2019, the European Commission established an ambitious policy initiative regarding environmental change issues called the European Green Deal. The aim of this policy is to achieve zero emissions by 2050 and make Europe as the first climate neutral continent by that year. All member states had to adopt the goals, and Poland was the only member state opposes that policy. This research aims to explain the factors driving Poland's opposition to the European Green Deal in 2019-2023. These driving factors will be explained using the theory of Foreign Policy Decision Making by William D. Coplin. Coplin explained that a country's decisions can be influenced by several determinant factors, namely the international context, domestic politics, and economic and military stability. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis research type. This research found that Poland's decision to oppose The European Green Deal was caused by Poland's energy and economic security, international dynamics and euroskepticism, as well as Poland’s domestic political instability.
Analisis Kebijakan Penghentian Bantuan Amerika Serikat Terhadap United Nations Relief And Works Agency For Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) Herse, Firsto Farisky; Yusra, Muhammad; Irawan, Poppy
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.327

Abstract

This study aims to analyze a United States foreign policy that suspends its foreign aid to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near-East (UNRWA). Historically, the United States has long been a country that consistently provides foreign aid to UNRWA. Until the Donald Trump administration, US foreign aid to UNRWA was stopped. Joe Biden as the next president-elect took a different policy by returning US foreign aid to the humanitarian agency for Palestine. However, after the October 7, 2023 attack on Israel, the Joe Biden administration issued a policy to stop all US foreign aid to UNRWA. The researcher assumes that there are other goals besides those conveyed by the United States government that underlie this policy. This study was analyzed using the theory of foreign policy analysis with descriptive analysis method. This research found that the purpose of the United States government in stopping its foreign aid to UNRWA was a political effort by the United States to suppress all forms of criticism and acts of struggle and resistance from the Palestinian people against the oppression and colonization carried out by Israel.
The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Localization of Gender-Based Violence Standards in South Africa Syakira, Hana; Afriani Sinulingga, Anita; Elian Nasir, Putiviola
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.331

Abstract

This research aims to show how the interaction between the actors is in the process of ending gender-based violence norms brought in by international norms entrepreneurs such as UN Women, UNICEF, and UNFPA is then adapted to local practices by local actors in South Africa. South Africa is one of the highest gender-based violence in the world. The increasing number of cases have prompted local actors such as Sonke Gender Justice, the South African Youth Gender Action Plan and the Foundation for Human Rights who are engaged in the fulfilment of gender and human rights to contribute to the prevention of gender-based violence. This research used the concept of norms localization by Amitav Acharya. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a type of descriptive analysis research from secondary data. This research has shown the interaction between international organizations, state, and local NGOs, particularly at the domestic level in the process of adjusting the norm of ending GBV. This research has also shown how interactions between these actors have successfully localized the norms characterized by institutional changes in the form of the issuance of the National Strategic Plan on Gender-Based Violence and Femicide by the South African government.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Donald Trump dalam Kebijakan Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) pada Dreamers Arini, Putrima; Moenir, Haiyyu Darman; Harza, Zulkifli
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v4i01.332

Abstract

The United States is the country with the highest immigrant population in the world, comprising 13.6% of its total population. The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) policy, introduced by former President Barack Obama, was a measure aimed at reducing the number of illegal immigrants in the U.S. A significant majority of DACA recipients, approximately 81%, are originally from Mexico. Donald Trump sought to rescind the DACA policy established by Obama. This study aims to examine Donald Trump's leadership style in the context of the DACA policy rescission and its potential impact on international relations and the global image of the U.S. Trump perceived the presence of immigrants as an obstacle to his efforts to enhance the well-being of native-born Americans, necessitating measures to curb immigration in the U.S. The repeal of DACA faced opposition from various parties, who viewed it as a violation of human rights and financially detrimental to the U.S. Trump's role in the rescission of the DACA policy is analyzed using the conceptual framework of "Leader Trait Analysis" by Margaret G. Hermann, et al. This framework identifies three components as parameters of Trump's leadership style and dominance: reaction to political constraints, openness to information, and motivation for action. Based on the operationalization of these concepts, it is concluded that Trump opposed political constraints and disregarded all input and information presented to him in the process of repealing DACA. Furthermore, it was found that Trump was motivated by his priority to enhance the welfare of native-born Americans. Thus, it can be concluded that Trump exhibits a crusader, directive, and goal-driven leadership style.
Peran Indonesia dalam Upaya Penyelesaian Kudeta Militer Myanmar tahun 2021 S. F, Dinda; Yusra, Muhammad; Cory, Silvi
Palito Vol. 1 No. 01 (2022): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.1.01.120-149.2022

Abstract

Ketika terjadi kudeta dan kejahatan kemanusiaan terhadap rakyat Myanmar, ASEAN seharusnya mengambil tindakan cepat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan. Namun hal ini justru terhambat akibat perbedaan pandangan antar negara anggota ASEAN. Negara yang seharusnya proaktif dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang terjadi di Myanmar justru memiilih untuk tidak ingin mengintervensi dan tidak memberikan komentar apapun. Indonesia sebagai negara yang memiliki hubungan paling dekat dengan Myanmar di kawasan ASEAN memiliki peranan dalam upaya penyelesaian permasalahan kudeta militer Myanmar tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran Indonesia dalam upaya penyelesaian kudeta militer Myanmar tahun 2021. Untuk melihat peran Indonesia, penelitian ini dianalisis dengan manggunakan konsep peranan nasional yang dikemukakan oleh K.J. Holsti melalui 17 variasi peranan. Dari 17 peranan yang disajikan penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam upaya penyelesaian kudeta militer Myanmar tahun 2021 Indonesia berperan sebagai regional protector yang dilihat dari dorongan penyelesaian permasalahan di Myanmar oleh Indonesia pada pertemuan bilateral Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia sebagai inisiator ALM, Indonesia sebagai penjaga stabilitas, perdamaian, dan keamanan kawasan ASEAN, manifestasi dari prinsip politik luar negeri bebas aktif. Indonesia juga berperan sebagai mediator-integrator yang dilihat dari shuttle diplomacy yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia kepada negara anggota ASEAN, dan mediasi yang dilakukan melalui komunikasi antar pihak Militer Myanmar dan CRPH.
Respon Pemerintah Indonesia Terhadap Wacana Khilafah Islamiyah Yang Dibawa Oleh Hizbut Tahrir Darajat, Zakiah; Harza, Zulkifli; Jamilah, Maryam
Palito Vol. 1 No. 01 (2022): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.1.01.99-117.2022

Abstract

Penyebaran wacana pendirian Khilafah Islamiyah yang dibawa oleh Hizbut Thahrir mengganggu stabilitas politik serta menjadi ancaman terhadap keutuhan serta keamanan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Selain itu, dampak yang disebabkan dari penyebarluasan ideolgi khilafah menyebabkan melemahnya kepercayaan masyarakat Indonesia terhadap pemerintah. Penelitian ini kemudian bertujuan untuk menganalisis respon pemerintah Indonesia terhadap wacana Khilafah Islamiyah yang dibawa oleh Hizbut Tahrir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis dan memanfaatkan data dari sumber sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep persepsi ancaman Raymod Cohen. Raymod Cohen menyatakan bahwa untuk memberikan bukti adanya ancaman yang dirasakan ada empat faktor operasional persepsi ancaman yang dapat digunakan yaitu Artikulasi para pembuat kebijakan, deskripsi pengamat kontemporer, usaha pembentukan respon alternatif, dan Coping Process untuk menanggapi ancaman. Berdasarkan konsep tersebut peneliti menemukan adanya ancaman yang dirasakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia disebabkan oleh eksistensi wacana Khilafah Islamiyah yang dibawa oleh Hizbut Thahrir. Lebih lanjut, ancaman ini dilegitimasi melalui pernyataan dan pidato-pidato para aktor negara yang menyebutkan bahwa eksistensi wacana yang dibawa oleh Hizbut Tahrir tersebut berbahaya bagi keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.
STRATEGI ASEAN DALAM PEMULIHAN EKONOMI AKIBAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DI ASIA TENGGARA Anggraini, Meli; Yusra, Muhammad; Austin, Diah Anggraini
Palito Vol. 2 No. 01 (2023): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.2.01.93-119.2023

Abstract

ASEAN mengalami penurunan perekonomian hingga -3,4% dari total GDP pada tahun 2020 akibat pandemi Covid-19. Oleh sebab itu, sesuai dengan piagam ASEAN (ASEAN Charter) pasal 1 (1,2) yang dalam tujuannya menjelaskan tentang bagaimana ASEAN memelihara dan meningkatkan perdamaian, keamanan dan stabilitas kawasan serta meningkatkan ketahanan kawasan melalui kerja sama dalam bidang politik, keamanan, sosial budaya dan ekonomi menjadikan ASEAN turut andil dalam pemulihan ekonomi kawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana strategi ASEAN dalam memulihkan perekonomian kawasan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan studi pustaka untuk mengumpulkan data. Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah fungsi dari organisasi internasional yaitu fungsi artikulasi dan agregasi, fungsi operasi, dan fungsi informasi. Melalui ketiga fungsi tersebut, penulis menemukan bahwa ASEAN mampu mengembalikan kestabilan perekonomian kawasan dengan langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh ASEAN mulai dari melakukan pertemuan dengan negara anggota dengan tujuan untuk berbagi informasi, melakukan kerja sama antar negara anggota dan negara mitra lainnya serta meng-update informasi seputar perkembangan kasus Covid-19 dan pengaruhnya terhadap ekonomi. Melalui langkah tersebut, ASEAN mampu memulihkan perekonomian kawasan. Ini dapat dilihat dari kenaikan GDP ASEAN mencapai 5,0% pada tahun 2022.

Page 3 of 5 | Total Record : 48

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