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Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08528489     EISSN : 24608165     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/MJS
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
This journal aims to facilitate academic discussion about relevant issues sociologically, especially on social transformation and an inclusive society. We welcome you to submit to our journal a research article, theoretical article, policy review, or methodological review, within the following research scope: Economy, Organization, and Society Rural Ecological Society Urban Social Development toward Inclusive Society Relation between Society and Extractive Industry Social Inclusion and Transformation, Education and Social Transformation Family and Social Transformation Sustainable Economic Management of Natural Resources and Extractive Industry Cultural Transformation and New Media
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Sosiologi dan Ilmu Politik
Articles 185 Documents
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Creating the Habitus of Tolerance in Indonesian Schools: Normative, Praxis, and Symbolic Dimensions Pattinasarany, Indera Ratna Irawati; Kusumadewi, Lucia Ratih; Setiadi, Aditya Pradana
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 27, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

In a multicultural society, tolerance is an important prerequisite for maintaining social order in communal life. Schools are one of the most important loci for habituating a character and culture of tolerance. However, most studies that have been carried out tend to focus more on the problem of intolerance in schools, and have not explored how the habitus of tolerance can be created and practiced instead. This research is a study on how nine schools in seven different cities across Indonesia have developed their own habitus of tolerance. We employed a qualitative research method with in-depth interviews, observa¬tion, and document review data collection techniques. The study shows that the habitus of tolerance in schools is realized through three dimensions. First, the normative dimension, namely through values, norms, and regulations. Second, the practical dimension, namely through the learning process at school in the form of activities and created habits. Third, the symbolic dimension, namely through the use of material symbols.
“Narimo ing Pandum”: How Highlander Women Perceive Poverty as a Destiny in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta Jati, Wasisto Raharjo
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 28, No. 1
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Abstract

The Javanese proverb “narimo ing pandum”exemplifies a belief among poor people to accept their impoverishment as the Divine will of God. This belief, however, has the adverse effect of habituating people to accept poverty. Such perception is conditioned, among others, by the availability of state-provided social aid as well as family or community support, which has helped the poor to stay afloat in moments of crises. In a patriarchal society, poverty poses even more risks and challenges for women, who are often conditioned to be reliant on men to survive. As such, poor women are likely required to find ways to cope with their helplessness. This article seeks to contribute to discussions on the cultural properties of poverty by exploring aspects of gender inequality. Specifically, it discusses how highlander women in Gunungkidul, the region with the highest poverty rate in Yogyakarta, perceive their impoverishment as Divine date, and explores how their perception of poverty affects their survival. The method utilized is a Life History Approach, which captures the multiple facets of our subjects by analyzing their day-to-day activities and interactions.
The Dynamics of Military-Police Relations in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia (1998 to 2020) Yulianto, Bayu A.
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 28, No. 1
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Abstract

Among myriad significant institutional changes in post-authoritarian Indonesia (1998-present) is the split of Indonesian police (POLRI) from the armed forces (ABRI, renamed into TNI after 1999). No longer locked in a dominant-subordinate configuration, the interaction between both institutions intensified in areas where they intersect. Drawing upon the theory of Strategic Action Field (SAF), this study attempts to capture the dynamics along the newly-established trajectory. It shall be argued that far from being one-dimensional, the relationship between both institutions has been marked by conflict, competition, and cooperation; depending on the SAF. Finally, this research proposes a new framework to assess the tendency of a particular TNI-POLRI interaction within a SAF by seeing the characteristics of the SAF itself, combined with the social skills of actors involved.
The Coexistence of Faith and Reason: Habermas’ Theoretical Framework of the Post-Secular Society Tahrus, Zainun Nur Hisyam
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 27, No. 2
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Abstract

The Post-Secular Society is a project put forward by Habermas as a critique of modern secularism. Habermas envisions this project as a via media—a mediating force between religious fundamentalism and excessive secularism. He argues that religious citizens can translate their religious discourses into a generally-accessible language that would enable them to discuss and communicate with their secular counterparts. This theory provides itself as an alternative to the Secularization Thesis, which had been the predominant framework for sociologists to study the relationship between the religious and the secular, or between faith and reason. This article attempts to outline sociological and philosophical foundations of Habermas’ Post-Secular Society by reviewing his essays and public speeches. As a counterbalance, the article will also present criticisms against Habermas’ notion of Discursive Translation and the limits of translation itself, which will function as a theoretical yardstick in gauging to what extent the Post-Secular Society is achievable. In conclusion, I argue that Habermas’ concept on the Post-Secular Society, whichhe argues to require religious communities to carry out Discursive Translation, can be realized within the moral-practice component of religion. However, this concept requires further conceptualization, especially when applied to non-European societies and religious life at the micro-level.
The Resilience of Persons with Disabilities during the COVID-19 Pandemic Hanjarwati, Astri; Hermawati, Istiana; Akil, Husein Avicenna
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 27, No. 2
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Abstract

The resilience of persons with disabilities throughout the COVID-19 pandemic requires special attention due to their precarious nature. This article complements previous studies on the resilience of various social groups in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on (1) The level of resilience of people with disabilities, and (2) The factors that determine such resilience. The resilience of persons with disabilities is measured personally using the The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) developed by Kathryn M. Connor, MD and Jonathan R.T. Davidson, MD. Meanwhile, community resilience was measured using a concept developed by Norris F.H and Steven R.P. This study utilizes a survey method with a research sample of 137 disabled individuals of the organization Persatuan Bangkit Bersama(PBB) and the Yogyakarta Paraplegic Association (P3Y) in Yogyakarta. Data was retrieved through questionnaires distributed as a Google Form link via WhatsApp. The results showed that the resilience of persons with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic was in the high (52.6%) and moderate (47.4%) categories. The determinants of resilience are (1) external factors in the high category (68.6%) and medium category (31.4%); and (2) internal factors in the high (45.3%) and medium (54.7%). The most significant factors for the resilience of persons with disabilities are external ones, namely the carrying capacity of family, friends in organizations, neighbors, government policies, and NGO assistance.
Educating Adolescent Reproductive Health and Sexuality through the Instagram Account @tabu.id Sofian, Akhriyadi; Auliani, Nia; Ni'matul, Naili, Illiyun
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 27, No. 2
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Abstract

The @tabu.id Instagram account presents itself as a channel for young internet users to obtain various information that are of significance to their lives as adolescents, including on topics of reproductive health and sexuality. Conducted using qualitative methods, this research utilized a virtual ethnographic (netnographic) approach. Data pertaining to @ tabu.id’s treatment of adolescent reproductive health and sexuality was obtained through a participatory observation of their Instagram account, as well as interviews with the co-founders, administrators, and followers. This study found that educating issues of reproductive health and sexuality to adolescents was more effectively carried out visually through social media, as it is the space they spend most of their time in. Recognizing Instagram being among the five digital applications most accessed by Indonesians, @ tabu.id has succeeded in educating adolescents by optimizing Instagram’s feed and story features to convey three major issues: puberty, dating violence, and Sexually-Transmitted Diseases (STDs).
The Conflicts Surrounding Establishment of Places of Worship: A Structuration Analysis of GKI Yasmin Bogor Anam, M. Syaeful; Mahmudi, Mukh. Imron Ali
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 27, No. 2
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Abstract

This article aims to map out the conflict over the establishment of GKI Yasmin Church in Bogor, which has occurred since 2006, by looking at the dialectic relations among its sociological dimensions. The Structuration theory of Anthony Giddens is utilized to analyze relationships between structure and agency. However, previous studies have also pointed out that cultural aspects cast a wide influence on this conflict. As such, this paper also uses Paulus Wirutomo’s triadic conception of Structure, Process, and Culture, in which the latter will be explained in-depth to outline the role of cultural hegemony in reproducing the Structure of GKI Yasmin’s conflict. Our study found that structural dimensions, as the result of pragmatic calculations of state actors, resulted in the exclusion of the GKI Yasmin group. Cultural pressure, too, increasingly complicates the efforts of religious minorities to challenge this domination as it also proliferates intolerant culture. Finally, the processual dimension comprises the relations among actors with competing interests, in which masses can (re)negotiate and reproduce structural relations. The novelty of this study lies in the dialectical and holistic conflict-mapping to demonstrate how power relations work through structural, processual, and cultural dimensions. Meanwhile, previous studies have only focused on the role of the government, intolerant culture, and socio-political dimensions in the conflict of GKI Yasmin in particular, and the establishment of places of worship in general.
Gradation of Actors, Interplay of Roles, Range of Cooperation, and Composition in Embeddedness: Complementary Ideas for Strategic Action Field Theory Alamsyah, Andi Rahman
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 27, No. 2
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Abstract

Classical debates in sociology or social science tend to gravitate around what determines the formation of social phenomena: actors or structures and ideas or matter. These debates have spawned various theories that emphasize on actors or structures, ideas or material forces, as well as various combinations of all four. One such combination is reflected in Fligstein and McAdam’s theory of the Strategic Action Field (SAF). According to them, social phenomena are formed through SAFs (at the meso-level), which becomes an arena for collaboration and conflict between actors (at the micro-level) with their respective social skills, including instrumental and existential factors. These strategic action fields, on the other hand, are also embedded to and influenced by other SAF (forming the macro-level structure). While I agree with this theory, I also found several gaps within it: the dichotomy between incumbent versus challenger actors; ignorance of the possibility of a “tug-of-war” between existential and instrumental factors; the nature of collaboration between actors; as well as the particular composition of aspects and sub-aspects in embeddedness. To overcome these theoretical shortcomings, I offer four ideas: actors within a SAF occupy positions in a gradational sense; an outline of the interplay between existential and instrumental factors; the effect of three modes of social capital, namely bonding, bridging, and linking, to SAF dynamics; and two types of composition in SAF embeddedness.
Structural and Cultural Aspects of Fisherman Family Education Problems in Waruduwur Cirebon Syatori, A; Ramdhani, Suciyadi; Khikmawati, Nurlaili
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 28, No. 1
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Abstract

According to the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), Indonesia's education quality is ranked 74th out of 79 countries. The data highlights issues including high tuition costs, unequal access to educational institutions, as well as mismatch between education system and local culture; all commonly found in fishing communities. This ethnographic study seeks to investigate cultural and structural factors that affect the lagging education of children of fishermen in Waruduwur village, Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. The findings indicate that both factors are interlinked, significantly shaping collective views on education as well as children’s participation in schooling. Patterns observed in the study allow categorization of families by scrutinizing their position between two axes: income and views on education. By seeing the combinations, four groups can be inferred: (1) families inclined towards education and earning middle income; (2) middle-income families that do not prioritize education; (3) low-income families that emphasize education; and (4) low-income families that do not focus on education. They reflect the varying degrees of challenges but also point to the significance of cultural intervention, which has been partially addressed through the establishment of informal education institutions in Waruduwur.
Women’s Agency and Resistance to Cyber Flashing on Twitter Athirah, Shafa; Hidayana, Irwan M.
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Vol. 28, No. 1
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Abstract

This article explores the specific forms of online sexual harassment that has been on the rise since Covid-19 pandemic, namely cyber flashing, and how women respond to such practice on social media. Digital ethnography. which included in-depth interview with victims of cyber flashing, was conducted to dive deep into women’s cyber flashing experiences on Twitter. Authors argue that women make sense of their cyber flashing experiences, including tangible impacts on women, and exercise their agency through the acts of public and quiet resistance. The results showed that women carry out various acts of resistance such as ‘spill’ tweet, ‘warning’ tweet, demeaning DM respond, block and report perpetratos’ accounts, story retelling, as well as changing online identity. Women exercise their agency through acts of resistance in order to create a safe space for themselves in Twitter platform.

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