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Muhammad Nizar
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Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Serambi Mekkah Jalan Unmuha, Batoh, Telp. (0651) 26160 dan (0651) 22471 Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Serambi Engineering
Published by Universitas Serambi Mekkah Aceh
ISSN : 25283561     EISSN : 25411934     DOI : http://doi.org/10.32672/jse
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The Serambi Engineering journal is published as a medium to distribute information on research results in engineering and science, both carried out by lecturers from the Serambi Mekkah University and other parties. Published research can be in the form of field research or laboratory research as well as a literature review. This journal is published four times yearly, namely January, April, July, and October. Editors accept manuscripts from lecturers, researchers, students, and practitioners that have never been published by any other media. Manuscripts submitted will be evaluated and edited for uniformity of format, terms, and other procedures. The topics that can be published but are not limited to are: Water & Waste Water Quality Solid Waste Management Air Pollution Control Environmental Health Environmental Modeling Environmental Management Water Resources Management Occupational Health & Safety Ecology Renewable Energy Circular Economics Sustainable Development Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Climate Change and Water Resources Adaptation Urban Planning Informatics Computer and Technology Industrial Engineering Other .
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Teknik Lingkungan
Articles 964 Documents
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Analisis Karakteristik dan Tingkat Pencemaran Air Limbah Industri Tahu Serta Uji Toksisitas LC50 Terhadap Ikan Nila (Oreochromis Niloticus) di Kabupaten Karawang Izzatul Muslimah, Nazhifa; Rendy Rifki Ramadhan; Zaina Nandini Maulid; Azka Rahmat Mujadi; Haratul Roby Al Mukaromah; Naufal Zahran Qaniurizqi
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of liquid waste produced by the tofu industry and to assess its toxicity level to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The study used a completely randomised design (CRD) with five variations in waste concentration, namely 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%, each with three replicates, resulting in a total of 150 test fish. The parameters observed included fish mortality, temperature, pH, and test media conditions during observation. The results showed that the water temperature was relatively stable in the range of 26.5–28.7°C, while the pH value fluctuated between 4.36 and 9.66 as the waste concentration increased. The percentage of fish mortality increased from 0% in the control treatment to 73% at the highest concentration. Based on the probit analysis results, an LC₅₀ value of 9.4% was obtained, indicating that tofu wastewater has a fairly high level of toxicity and has the potential to pollute the aquatic environment if it is not treated before disposal.
Desain Off Street Parking Jangka Pendek dan Jangka Panjang Sebagai Solusi Permasalahan Lalu Lintas On Street Parking  Pada Jalan Yos Sudarso, Kota Palangka Raya , Viona Imanuella Dwi Putri; Murniati; Sutan Parasian Silitonga
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The Sangomang Culinary Area on Jalan Yos Sudarso, Palangka Raya City, is a popular destination whose operations take place at night. This popularity raises problems related to limited parking spaces, especially due to the high parking activity on the road (on street parking). This study aims to analyze the characteristics of existing parking, both on the road body and in the parking lot (off street parking), as well as design a new parking lot design that is able to accommodate a larger vehicle capacity. The methods used include the collection of primary data through field surveys related to volume, accumulation, duration, capacity, index, turnover rate, and parking space needs, as well as secondary data in the form of documentation of existing conditions. The results of the analysis show that the parking capacity in the courtyard is currently inadequate, with the highest parking volume reaching 278 vehicles on Saturday, consisting of 183 vehicles in on street parking and 95 vehicles in off street parking. Therefore, a new, more extensive and planned parking design is needed, as well as the calculation of estimated parking revenue using a fixed rate system based on the design.
Pengaruh Katalis Cao/Fly Ash Dalam Produksi Biodiesel Dari Crude Palm Oil Ramadhani, InayahTullah; Mustain Zamhari; Dilia Puspa
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study aims to optimize biodiesel production from crude palm oil (CPO) by utilizing CaO/Fly Ash heterogeneous catalysts from limestone and coal combustion residues. Variations in the time and concentration of CaO/Fly Ash catalyst were tested to determine their effect on biodiesel yield percentage and product characteristics through esterification and transesterification processes. Limestone was used as the main source of CaO, while Fly Ash served to increase the stability, surface area, and support of the catalyst. The catalyst was analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine the composition of the elements contained, while the effect of the catalyst on biodiesel was analyzed through density, viscosity, acid number, saponification number, and flash point tests. The transesterification process was carried out at 60, 90, and 120 minutes and with varying catalyst masses (8 g, 10 g, 12 g, 14 g) to obtain the optimum reaction conditions and the best characteristics for biodiesel. Optimal reaction conditions were achieved using 12 grams of CaO/Fly Ash catalyst and a reaction time of 120 minutes, resulting in the highest biodiesel yield of 86.6%, density of 863.9 kg/m3, viscosity of 4.35 cSt, a saponification number of 178.03 mg KOH/g, an acid number of 0.43 mg KOH/g, a cetane number of 54.7, and a flash point of 154oC with biodiesel characteristics that comply with the SNI 7182:2015 standard. This shows that the right combination of catalyst mass and reaction time can significantly increase biodiesel conversion efficiency. Excessive use of catalyst reduces efficiency due to the formation of side reactions.
Analisis Kinerja Simpang Bersinyal Bundaran Tuntung Pandang Kabupaten Tanah Laut Hafsha Yanti Siregar; Jihan Alya Nabillah
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The increase in population and the growth of motorized vehicles have led to higher traffic volumes at several main intersections, one of which is the Signalized Intersection of Bundaran Tuntung Pandang, which connects the northern approach (Jalan Datu Insyad), southern approach (Jalan A. Syairani), and western approach (Jalan H. Boejasin). This study aims to analyze the performance of the Bundaran Tuntung Pandang signalized intersection using the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI, 1997) and the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI, 2023). The parameters analyzed include traffic volume, approach capacity, degree of saturation (DS), and level of service (LOS). The results of the analysis show that the northern approach (Jalan Datu Insyad) has the highest degree of saturation (DS) value of 3.460 (LOS F), followed by the southern approach (Jalan A. Syairani) with 3.346 (LOS F), and the western approach (Jalan H. Boejasin) with 2.775 (LOS F). These results indicate that the traffic flow operates at Level of Service F, meaning that the intersection is in a congested condition with unstable traffic flow. Therefore, signal optimization and traffic management strategies are required to improve the intersection’s performance and reduce congestion levels in the area.
Analisis Economic Engineering Penggunaan Koagulan Natural-Based dan Koagulan Metal-Based dalam Pengolahan Air Bersih Setyoningrum, Rahmadiah Indah; Euis Nurul Hidayah
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Clean water treatment is always a challenge with the increasing pollution of water resources. This study focuses on an economic engineering approach in clean water treatment using various types of coagulants, namely using natural-based coagulants (moringa seed coagulant and maggot shell coagulant) and metal-based coagulants (alum coagulant). The main objective of this study is to analyze the comparison of technical aspects and cost aspects in the process of making coagulants and clean water treatment processes. This research method, in the technical aspect involves the coagulation-flocculation process in the removal of pH, turbidity, TSS, and color parameters, and in the cost aspect involves laboratory and industrial simulation methods to measure cost efficiency in coagulant production and clean water treatment by analyzing capital costs and operational costs. These results indicate that the use of natural-based coagulants, especially moringa seed coagulants, is more efficient overall than maggot shell coagulants and alum. Moringa seed coagulant can be 10-25% more cost-effective than maggot shell coagulant and alum, while maggot shell coagulant only provides a 15% cost savings in TSS processing compared to alum. Moringa seed coagulant is significantly more cost-effective because it has a low optimum dosage for processing pH, turbidity, TSS, and color, and is more environmentally friendly because it does not contain high levels of contaminants like metal-based coagulants.
Pemanfaatan Cangkang Kemiri Sebagai Katalis CaO (Candlenut Shell) yang Terimpregnasi KOH dalam Produksi Biodiesel Minyak Jelantah melalui Reaksi Transesterifikasi Nur Sha’in; Anerasari Meidinariasty; Akbar Ismi Aziz Pramito
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The growing demand for environmentally friendly and renewable alternative fuels, with biodiesel being a prominent candidate. Waste cooking oil (WCO), a widely available household waste, is a promising feedstock but requires an efficient catalyst to improve the transesterification process. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of CaO catalyst derived from candlenut shells impregnated with KOH, and to determine the optimum methanol-to-oil molar ratio and catalyst concentration. The results showed that the optimum condition was achieved at a 1:6 molar ratio with 1.5% catalyst, producing biodiesel with a density of 0.877 g/mL, viscosity of 4.6 cSt, acid value of 0.25 mg KOH/g, cetane number of 54.7, and yield of 85%, all in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7182:2015). GC-MS analysis revealed a total fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content of 99.57%, dominated by compounds such as methyl oleate, methyl stearate, and methyl linoleate, indicating near-complete conversion. These findings confirm the potential of CaO-KOH catalyst from candlenut shell waste as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for producing high-quality and sustainable biodiesel.
Karakterisasi Produk Metil Ester Hasil Reaksi Interesterifikasi RPO (Refined Palm Oil) dengan Katalis Kalium Hidroksida Elvianto Dwi Daryono
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The transesterification process in biodiesel production is less effective because there is a separation stage of the glycerol byproduct. The interesterification process is more effective because the triacetin byproduct does not need to be separated and functions as an antioxidant in biodiesel. Stirring speed and catalyst are very important factors for a reaction to occur. Stirring will increase the frequency factor of collisions between reacting particles while the catalyst at a certain amount will accelerate the reaction. The study aims to determine the effect of stirring speed and KOH catalyst concentration on the interesterification reaction of RPO (Refined Palm Oil). The weight of RPO is 250 g, the mole ratio of oil: methyl acetate is 1: 6, stirring speed (200 - 60 rpm), KOH catalyst (0.25 - 0.75%), reaction temperature is 60℃ and reaction time is 1 hour. RPO, methyl acetate and KOH are put into a three-neck flask and the reaction is according to the operating conditions. After the reaction is complete, washing with hot water and CH3COOH is added to neutralize the KOH catalyst. The reaction products are separated with a separating funnel and the resulting phase is washed with distilled water until the pH is neutral. After that, it was distilled and the residue was the result of the reaction which was then analyzed for concentration with GC and its physical properties. The optimum conditions were obtained in the RPO interesterification reaction at a stirring speed of 300 rpm with 0.75% KOH catalyst which produced FAME with a concentration of 33,818 mg/L and an acid value of 0.438 mg KOH/g according to SNI 7182:2015.
Pengaruh Desain Impeller terhadap Perilaku Hidrodinamika dan Efisiensi Penyisihan TSS serta Kekeruhan pada Proses Koagulasi Flokulasi Maharani, Cahya Nova Putri; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Domestic wastewater pollution remains a significant environmental issue in Indonesia, characterized by high levels of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and turbidity that exceed quality standards. One of the effective treatment methods is the coagulation flocculation process, which involves the addition of chemical coagulants, such as Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC). This study aims to analyze the influence of hydrodynamic variables, including the presence of baffles, impeller types (paddle, turbine, and propeller), and impeller installation height, on flow patterns, floc formation, and the removal efficiency of TSS and turbidity. Experiments were conducted using a laboratory scale tank with impeller positions varied at 30–50% of the impeller diameter from the bottom of the tank. The results showed that the flow pattern within the tank was significantly affected by the impeller design and installation height, while the presence of baffles with small dimensions tended to accelerate floc breakage. The optimum condition was achieved using a turbine with four flat blades and a vaned disc, installed at a height of 3.0 cm from the tank bottom without baffles, resulting in TSS and turbidity removal efficiencies of up to 91.67% and 83.27%, respectively. This study highlights the critical role of hydrodynamic variables in enhancing the effectiveness of the coagulation flocculation process for domestic wastewater treatment.
Analisis Dampak Lingkungan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Menggunakan Metode Life Cycle Assessment di Perusahaan Penyedia Layanan dan Perakitan Sistem Turbocharger Suhada, Aisyah Ramadhanti; Murti, Restu Hikmah Ayu; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung; Wibisana, Hendrata; Rosariawari, Firra
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the industrial sector have a significant impact on global climate change. To assess the overall environmental impact, an analysis capable of mapping emissions from various operational activities is required. This study aims to analyze GHG emissions in a manufacturing company that focuses on turbocharger system assembly and services using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The analysis was conducted with reference to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines and openLCA software, with the scope of research covering the transportation and energy sectors within the company. The inventory results show that the energy sector is the main contributor to emissions, with the largest impact category being climate change (GWP 100a). Next, a scenario analysis was conducted, namely real conditions, the use of solar panels, the use of diesel fuel, and a mixture. A comparison of the scenarios showed that the use of renewable energy in the form of solar panels could significantly reduce GHG emissions compared to the current conditions. This study confirms that the application of LCA can provide a quantitative picture of the potential environmental impact and serve as a scientific basis for formulating GHG emission management strategies in the industrial sector.
Ekstraksi Silika Gel dari Ampas Tebu dan Sekam Padi dengan Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH dan Rasio Bahan Baku Sania, Rasty; Anerasari Meidinariasty; Cindi Ramayanti
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The growing demand for environmentally friendly and sustainable materials has encouraged the exploration of agricultural waste as an alternative source of silica gel. Conventional silica gel production relies on quartz sand, which is non-renewable and requires high energy consumption. In this study, sugarcane bagasse ash and rice husk ash were utilized as potential raw materials due to their high silica content. The objective was to examine the influence of different raw material ratios and NaOH concentrations on the characteristics of the synthesized silica gel. The synthesis process involved calcination at 700°C for 4 hours, alkaline extraction using NaOH solutions (1.5 M, 2 M, and 2.5 M), and precipitation with H₂SO₄ (0.5 M), followed by drying at 110°C. The obtained silica gel was characterized for moisture content, water adsorption capacity, pH, and functional groups using FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of siloxane (Si–O–Si) and silanol (Si–OH) groups, confirming the successful formation of silica gel. The optimal composition was achieved at a ratio of 75% rice husk to 25% sugarcane bagasse with 2.5 M NaOH, resulting in the lowest moisture content (0.07%) and the highest water adsorption capacity (41%). These findings demonstrate that the high silica content in rice husk and appropriate alkali concentration enhance gel structure formation and improve adsorption performance.

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