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Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 26556197     EISSN : 2655318X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Efficient Journal is a journal base on the economics and development studies. This journal publishes a research paper related to specific themes such as macro economics, small and medium enterprises, public policy, monetary economics, development studies, international economics, trade economics, agriculture economics, tourism, regional and finance economy, and related studies within economics and development.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekomomi dan Ekonometrika
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)" : 10 Documents clear
Financial Inclusion, Aggregate Income, and Poverty: Districts/Cities in Indonesia Fauzia, Syafna; Shanty Oktavilia
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.352

Abstract

This study aims to empirically explore the condition of financial inclusion and relation between financial services sector development, real sector growth, and poverty alleviation. This study focuses on 334 Indonesian districts and cities in 2021. Financial inclusion measured by the penetration, availability, and utilization of banking services, which accumulate into a financial inclusion index. To examine the direct and indirect effects of financial inclusion on poverty through aggregate income, the Hayes Process Macro bootstrapping technique was used. In 2021 Central Jakarta has the highest level of financial inclusion in Indonesia, with an index of 0.8. The main form of financial inclusion is the availability of commercial bank offices and rural banks, while bank account ownership and the use of deposit and loan products in the formal financial services sector play a smaller role in the financial inclusion of Indonesian districts and cities in 2021. The findings indicate that financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on aggregate income, a negative and significant effect on poverty, and aggregate income can mediate the relationship between financial inclusion and poverty.
The Effect of GDP per Capita, Corruption Perception Index, Human Development Index, and Coal Consumption on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the BRICS Group of Countries Daniel, Erikson; Nurjannah Rahayu Kistanti
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.1867

Abstract

Economic growth is an important indicator for a country's economy. Along with the development of economic activity, it also has an impact on the environment. This is discussed in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory where when per capita income increases, at a certain income level, environmental degradation also decreases. This study uses the Pooled Mean group/ARDL method from 1996 to 2021 in the BRICS country group. The results show that the EKC hypothesis does not hold in the short term, but holds in the long term. The corruption perception index has a positive and insignificant effect in the short term and a positive and significant effect in the long term, the human development index has a negative and insignificant effect in the short term and a negative and significant effect in the long term, finally coal consumption has a positive and significant effect in the short term and in the long term. Suggestions in this study include optimizing carbon taxes for countries that have not implemented them and making industrial business feasibility tests so that there are restrictions related to the waste produced.
Determinants of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in ASEAN-5 From 2010-2022: Though Energy Transition Filda Luthfiana
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.19790

Abstract

Economic activity and energy consumption are the main drivers of the increase in CO₂ emissions that trigger global climate change. This study analyzes the effect of GDP per capita, GDP per capita squared, renewable energy consumption, non- renewable energy consumption, and environmental taxes on CO₂ emissions in ASEAN-5 (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, and Vietnam) for the period 2010-2022 using the FMOLS dynamic panel method. The results show that GDP per capita, renewable energy consumption, and non-renewable energy have a significant positive effect on CO₂ emissions, while environmental taxes and GDP per capita have a significant negative effect. This study supports the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in the long run. Policy recommendations include diversifying the low-emission economy, reducing non- renewable energy consumption, accelerating the adoption of renewable energy with incentives, and strengthening environmental taxes to encourage environmentally and human-friendly technologies.
Study of Women's Roles in Poverty Reduction Fadillah Hanum
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.20434

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the influence of the gender development index, female labor force participation rate, and female per capita expenditure on poverty in 119 districts/cities in Java Island in the period 2020-2023. The research method uses a quantitative approach with panel data regression, utilizing secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency to explain the relationship between variables. The results of the study show that the gender development index, female labor force participation rate, and female per capita expenditure have a negative and significant effect on poverty. Increasing gender equality, women's participation in the labor market, and people's purchasing power have been shown to contribute to more effective poverty alleviation. This study emphasizes the importance of inclusive and gender-equitable development policies to optimally reduce poverty rates in various regions.
The Effectiveness of Economic Growth on Regional Expenditure in Central Java Province Maulida Dewi Pangestika; Jeane Fransina Diana Talakua; Retno Febriyastuti Widyawati; Reni Eka Septiani
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.22647

Abstract

Regional spending plays a strategic role in supporting economic development. This study analyzes the factors influencing regional spending in regencies and cities in Central Java Province using panel regression with five variables: effectiveness ratio, population, government assistance, HDI, and economic growth. Data from 2015-2022 were sourced from BPS and The Ministry of Finance. Spatial data were visualized using GIS-based mapping to illustrate fiscal self-sufficiency across regions. The results show that population size, HDI, and government assistance significantly affect regional spending. While the effectiveness ratio and economic growth are not significant. Spatial reveal that cities such as Semarang, Magelang, and Surakarta demonstrate higher fiscal independence, while regencies like Brebes remain highly dependent on central transfers. These findings suggest that improving human development and increasing local revenue capacity, especially in less developed regencies, are key strategies to enhance fiscal independence and promote regional economic resilience.
Soybean Imports and Economic Resilience: Measuring Their Impact on National Development Kusuma, Putri Patria; Dewanta, Awan Setya; Margaret, Silvia; Azalia, Areta Nur Fatimah
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.24107

Abstract

Soybeans play an important role in meeting the consumption needs of the Indonesian people. Soybeans also serve as the main raw material in various food industries in Indonesia, such as tofu, tempeh, soy sauce, and other processed products. The high domestic demand has not been matched by domestic production capacity, so Indonesia still relies on imports to meet these needs. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing soybean import volumes in Indonesia using data spanning 23 years, from 2000 to 2022 (time series). This study uses data obtained from official sources such as the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Bank, and the Agricultural Information System (AMIS). The method used is a quantitative approach with the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) regression technique. This study aims to analyze the influence of GDP, inflation, exchange rate, and production variables on the volume of soybean imports in Indonesia. A series of steps were conducted, starting from stationarity tests, selection of the optimal lag, cointegration tests, to ARDL model estimation. The results show that in the short term, none of the variables have a significant effect. However, in the long term, only GDP and exchange rate have a significant and positive effect on soybean imports.
Tourism Sector and Economic Growth on Employment Absorption in Central Java M. Andi Auliya Hakim; Zainab Azizah; Sri Runtiningsih
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.24209

Abstract

The tourism sector is one of the main drivers of the economy in Indonesia, contributing to GDP, job creation, and regional development. Central Java Province, with a significant contribution to employment absorption and economic growth from the tourism sector, has great potential in terms of nature, culture, and history.  This study aims to analyze the tourism and economic growth on employment absorption in the tourism sector of Central Java. Quantitative analysis with panel data from 35 regencies/cities in Central Java from 2019-2023 uses panel data regression. Data was obtained from BPS and Department of Youth, Sport, and Tourism of Central Java.. The findings show that the F-statistic value is 4.66 with a probability value of 0.011 (<0.05), indicating that the independent variables significantly affect employment absorption. However, of the two independent variables, only the tourism sector has a positive and significant effect. Strengthening the tourism sector through destination promotion and infrastructure is necessary to support economic recovery post-pandemic.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Level of Tourist Visits in the Klawalu Mangrove Tourism Area, Sorong City Murni, Murni; Ibal, La; Alting, Saoda
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.20111

Abstract

The number of tourist visits to the Klawalu Mangrove Tourism Area is still low, even though this area has enormous potential for sustainable ecotourism development that can improve the welfare of local communities and preserve the environment. The research was conducted in Klawalu Village, Sorong City, Southwest Papua. The method used was a quantitative approach through multiple linear regression analysis, with data collected through questionnaires and interviews with 40 tourists who had visited the location. The results showed that ticket price and service quality were the main factors influencing tourists' decisions to revisit. Tourists considered the suitability of price to the facilities and experience provided as determining factors. Conversely, accessibility, infrastructure, and the attractiveness of the tourist attraction did not have a significant influence.
The Role of Micro Business Policies in Sport Tourism Development Wuntu, Gana; Marhendi, Mengku; S.Pd. M.Si, Tutik; Raihan Hakim, Muhammad
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.23527

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of micro business model policy implementation and community readiness on the development of sport tourism in Cijagamulya, Ciawigebang District, Kuningan - West Java. The method used is quantitative approach with survey technique. Data were collected through questionnaires consisting of micro business actors, local communities, and related stakeholders. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The research results show that the implementation of the micro business model policy and community readiness have a significant influence on the development of sport tourism. And based on SWOT analysis, the development of sport tourism in Cijagamulya is included in Quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy) which shows that the development of sport tourism has a strong position to continue to be developed. The results of this study confirm that the strengthening of sports tourism development in Cijagamulya is strongly influenced by the implementation of effective micro business model policies and the readiness of the community to support this sector.
Competitiveness of Indonesia Palm Oil in the International Market Susilowati, Indah; Puji Setyowati, Etma; Akhmad Al Barabasi, Haidar; Naeni Nur Khaeni, Siti
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/efficient.v8i2.27557

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest exporter of palm oil in the world. The growth of production and exports and the decreasing of import Indonesia palm oil should also increases the competitiveness of Indonesia palm oil in the International market. Therefore, We need to know the competitiveness of palm oil in Indonesia by calculate the value of export, production, and import through descriptive method model analysis using Import Dependency Ratio (IDR), Self Sufficiency Ratio (SSR), and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) as the analysis tools. The data we used in this research is secondary data from Central Bureau of Statistic and UN Comtrade year 1990 until 2022.

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