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Resti Nurmala Dewi
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Jurusan Teknik Kimia Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Syech Abdur Rauf No.7, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, INDONESIA
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JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 14125064     EISSN : 23561661     DOI : https://doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v18i2.34018
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy Engineering
The Journal of Chemical Engineering and Environment is an open access journal that publishes papers on chemical engineering and environmental engineering. The following topics are included in these sciences: Food and biochemical engineering Catalytic reaction engineering Clean energy technology Environmental and safety technology Fundamentals of chemical engineering and applied industrial engineering Industrial chemical engineering Material science engineering Process and control engineering Polymer and petrochemical technology Membrane technology Agro-industrial technology Separation and purification technology Environmental modelling Environmental and information sciences Water and waste water treatment and management Material flow analysis Mechanisms of clean development
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Bioengineering
Articles 319 Documents
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The Improvement of Hydrophilic Property of Polyethersulfone Membrane with Chitosan as Additive Fathanah, Umi; Machdar, Izarul; Riza, Medyan; Arahman, Nasrul; Lubis, Mirna Rahmah; Yusuf, Mukramah
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.15916

Abstract

Membrane technology has been implemented broadly for clean water treatment. To produce a better membrane, modification is carried out by adding chitosan into a polymer solution. Materials used in this research are polyethersulfone (PES) 18%, the n-methyl pyrrolidone solvent modified with a chitosan solution (at 0.2 1 wt%) as an additive, and deionized water as a non-solvent. The membrane synthesis is carried out with the non-solvent induced phase separation method of blending the polymer. Membrane characterization includes functional group analysis, morphological structure, and water contact angle. Membrane performance is monitored at the filtration process, resulting in the permeability coefficient, and for the rejection of a contaminant (humic acid) with dead-end filtration. Research results show that the modified membrane characterization has an asymmetric morphological structure with a thinner top layer, and the membrane sublayer has a finger-like macrovoid structure with a larger size as compared to the original PES membrane (without the chitosan solution addition). The chitosan additive into the PES membrane improves the membranes hydrophilic property. The highest value of the permeability coefficient is achieved with a 1% chitosan addition, which provides a permeability coefficient value of 10.524 L/m2.h.bar and a rejection coefficient of 70.3%.
The Performance and Characterization of Biodegradable Plastic from Tapioca Starch: Effect of Modified Chitosan Ernita, Lia; Riza, Medyan; Syaubari, Syaubari
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.15441

Abstract

The performance and characterization of biodegradable plastic from tapioca starch was studied. Modified the chitosan was one of the ingredients for produce the biodegradable plastics. The produced biodegradable polastic were thin sheet plastic, elastic and transparent. The biodegradable plastic performance had tensile strength between 2,26-3.73 Mpa, elongation ranges from 17.24 to 76.76%, and water absorption ranges from 30.81-268.9%. In antioxidant analyze, apples are wrapped in plastic and had significant mechanical properties changes on 8th day.Morphology scanning result showed that in the chitosan-polyNIPAM there were no cavities may caused high hydrophilicity in the biodegradable plastic.
Physical Characteristics of Briquettes Made of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Using Brown Algae Adhesive Dewita, Ana; Faisal, M.; Gani, Asri
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.15429

Abstract

The charcoal produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches pyrolysis can be utilised as environmentally friendly alternative fuel briquettes. This research studied the physical characteristics of EFB briquettes using brown algae as an adhesive. The effect of the concentration of brown algae adhesive on briquette quality was investigated. The briquettes were prepared from EFB charcoal by adding adhesive at various concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (w/w). Subsequently, proximate analysis was performed on EFB and brown algae. The best-quality briquettes were obtained by adding brown algae adhesive at 2.5% concentrate, which resulted in a calorific value of 21,405 J/g. Other characteristics, such as moisture content, ash content, volatile matter and fixed carbon, were found to be 7.4%, 4.9%, 79% and 8.7%, respectively. Thermal characteristics, such as density, flash point and burning time, were found at 0.96 g/cm3, 5.1 seconds and 300 minutes, respectively.
Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts NaOH/CaO/C From Eggshells for Biodiesel Production Using Off-Grade Palm Oil Hawa, Karfika Ainil; Helwani, Zuchra; Amri, Amun
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.14610

Abstract

A heterogeneous catalyst, such as Calcium Oxide (CaO), is widely used in biodiesel production due to its various advantages over homogeneous ones. The optimum condition for synthesizing this catalyst is determined by calcination temperature and mass ratio. As a result, a modification is required to increase its performance in improving the biodiesel yield. In this study, eggshell waste was modified by calcination, hydration, and dehydration methods integrated with activated carbon and NaOH. It is used as a heterogeneous base catalyst for off-grade palm oil transesterification reactions. The results shows the catalyst with the highest activity is obtained at calcination temperature of 800c and mass ratio of 7 to 3. This is achieved with transesterification reaction conditions, which include a mole ratio of methanol/oil 6 to 1, catalyst concentration of 6%-b oil, and temperature 70c for 3 hours, yielding 79.08% of the biodiesel. Additionally, CaO, Na2CO3, and Ca (OH) 2 materials were found in the catalyst with a catalyst alkalinity value of H greater than 9.3 through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Several methyl esters, such as palmitate and oleate were also found in biodiesel through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.
Recovery of Ammonium Metavanadate from Spent Catalyst Aliwarga, Lienda; Ramadianti Musadi, Maya
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.12375

Abstract

Utilization of spent catalysts serves to meet the needs of vanadium and to overcome the environmental problem since vanadium is categorized as a hazardous, toxic material. Vanadium from the spent catalysts can be recovered in the form of V2O5 or NH4VO3. However, vanadate compounds (NH4VO3) are considered to be more valuable due to their higher price and easier production process, compared with V2O5. This study aims to find adequate operating conditions to obtain high yields and high purity of NH4VO3 crystals. The results showed that the presence of iron compounds in the extract made the crystals contaminated by brownish colour, so it decreased its purity. Therefore, iron compounds need to be separated first with precipitation. Crystals of NH4VO3 with yield of 60% on spent catalysts and purity of 75% were obtained by extraction using solvent Na2CO3 1.887 M for 60 minutes at room temperature with weight ratio of V2O5 in spent catalyst toward solvent volume (Rvp), 0.006 gram V2O5/mL Na2CO3. It was then continued by precipitation of iron compounds at pH of 12 for 2 hours and crystallization of NH4VO3 using NH4Cl 11.215 M for 4 - 5 hours at 60oC.
Degradation of Methyl Violet Using TiO2-Bayah Natural Zeolite Photocatalyst Kustiningsih, Indar; Restiani, Ria; Raharja, Teja; Hasna, Athia; Kartika Sari, Denni
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.11953

Abstract

Degradation of methyl violet using photocatalysis method has been investigated. In this study TiO2 was superimposed on the surface of the Bayah natural zeolite with two solvents, ethanol and distilled water. The activation of the Bayah natural zeolite using HCl. In this study the effect of zeolite size (60.80 and 100 mesh), the composition of TiO2-Zeolite (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) and intensity of photon energy on the degradation of methyl violet has been evaluated. The samples were were characterized by means X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD). The specific surface area of each sample was determined by the BET nitrogen gas adsorption/desorption method. The measurement of methyl violet concentration using UV Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed the optimum composition of TiO2 in zeolite was 4 grams with a solvent of distilled water. By Using this sample could reduce methyl violet by 94,5% for 4 hours with UV light intensity of 1340 W /cm2.
The Application of Nanofiltration Membrane for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment by Adding Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) as Coagulant Pinem, Jhon Armedi; Tumanggor, Imanuel; Saputra, Edy
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.13952

Abstract

The rapid development of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production has led to an increase in the production of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as well. POME will cause problems in the environment because contains high contaminants. This study aims to investigate the effect of the coagulant Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) variations and the membranes operating pressure on the POME treatment process using the nanofiltration membrane (NF) with the coagulation-flocculation process as pre-treatment. The PAC was used in the coagulation-flocculation process with variations in concentration (5.0; 5.5; 6.0; 6.5; 7.0 g/L). The process was completed by a rapid stirring of 200 rpm for 5 minutes, followed with slow stirring at 60 rpm for 15 minutes and settling time for 30 minutes. The process of membrane nanofiltration was carried out for 60 minutes with variations in operating pressure (8.0; 9.0; and 10 bars). In each treatment process, effluent quality testing was carried out with Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and oil/fat as parameters. In addition, an analysis of permeate fluxes and rejection of NF membrane was also carried out. The results of the analysis suggested that the best coagulant doses are 6.0 g/L with the reduction percentage of BOD, COD, TSS and oil/fat at 78.85%; 68.57%; 92.77% and 92.31% respectively. The highest percentage of NF membrane rejection was found at a pressure of 10 bar, which is equal to 94.71%; 94.86%; 97.92% and 95% respectively for BOD, COD, TSS and oil/fat with a flux value of 7.16 L/m2.hours.
Effectiveness of Durian Peel Extract as A Natural Anti-Bacterial Agent Arlofa, Nina; Ismiyati, Ismiyati; Kosasih, Muhammad; Fitriyah, Nurul H.
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 14, No 2 (2019): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2019)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v14i2.14275

Abstract

Durian (durio zibertinus) is a native tropical fruit from Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia. Durian peel is the highest composition of durian fruit (60-75%), and is still considered as waste that causes environmental problems. This study aimed to analyze the content of secondary metabolites extract, to analyze the anti-bacterial activity of durian peel extract against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and to calculate the effectiveness of durian skin durian peel extract as a natural anti-bacterial ingredient in hand sanitizer products by using the paper disc method. Durian peel was extracted with ethanol to obtain extract solution which was then separated from the solvent and applied as an ingredient for hand sanitizer. The Analysis results showed that durian peel extract contains triterpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins, which are phytochemical compounds that anti-bacterial function. Durian peel extract at concentration of 1% wt. inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella thyposa and Sthapylococcus aureus with a clear zone diameters of 7.4 mm, 8.2 mm and 8.6 mm, respectively. In anti-septic tests, hand sanitizer samples containing durian peel extract showed that the interaction between the concentration of durian peel extract and the sampling duration simultaneously gave a significant effect in reducing the number of microorganism colonies.
Purification of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Using Bentonite as Dry Washing Agent Suriaini, Nanda; Febriana, Tika Thalia; Yulanda, Andesta; Adisalamun, Adisalamun; Syamsuddin, Yanna; Supardan, Muhammad Dani
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 14, No 2 (2019): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2019)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v14i2.13165

Abstract

The process of biodiesel purification is an important step in getting biodiesel products that meet specifications as a substitute for fossil-based fuels. Dry washing method has been developed to achieve an effective purication strategy in order to produce high-quality biodiesel. Bentonite can be used as dry washing agent because it has a good adsorbing properties as well as a large pore and surface area therefore can attract polar substances such as glycerol and methanol. The purpose of this research is to know the capability of activated bentonite as dry washing agent for purification of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil. The activation process of bentonite was carried out using sulfuric acid with concentration 1.5 M. Characterization of the bentonite was conducted using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for minerals content and BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET) method for surface area. Bentonite was used as dry washing agent for biodiesel purification by varying washing time (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes) and adsorbent amount (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%). The experimental results showed that purification of biodiesel by dry washing using activated bentonite resulted in a better yield and quality than wet washing and dry washing using non-activated bentonite, except the acid number. The best operation condition resulted from this research is at 10 minutes washing time and 1% adsorbent with yield of 94.1%; acid number of 0.4208 mg KOH/gram; density of 0.8838 gram/cm3, viscosity of 3.0617 mm2/s and water content of 1.17%.
Activation of Cement Clinker as Catalysts for Transesterification Reaction of Palm Oil Off Grade to Biodiesel Putri, Karina Octaria; Miftahudin, Dhani Nur; Helwani, Zuchra; Bahri, Syaiful
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 14, No 2 (2019): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2019)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v14i2.14704

Abstract

Calcium oxide (CaO) is a heterogeneous solid base which is generally used as a catalyst in making biodiesel. It is mainly obtained from cement clinker and activated through calcination method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using cement clinker catalyst on the yield of the biodiesel. A batch reactor with a condenser was used in making the biodiesel under favorable conditions such as calcination temperatures of 700 C, 750 C and 800 C, time of 5, 6 and 7 hours, and catalyst concentration of 1%-w, 2%-w, and 3%-w oil. The analysis involved X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) for catalysts and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The catalyst calcination temperature determined the optimum conditions. From this study, the conditions necessary for transesterification reaction include the mole ratio of methanol/oil of 6 to 1, the temperature of 70 C for 2 hours and 700 C for 5 hours, and catalyst dosage of 2% by weight. Under these conditions, the yield of the biodiesel was 84.26%. Additionally, at the calcination temperature of 800 C for 7 hours and catalyst dosage of 3% by weight, the yield of the biodiesel was 76.84%. CaO, SiO2, 2CaO.SiO2 and 3CaO.SiO2 were found in the catalyst through XRD analysis. The specific surface areas of the catalyst were 25,497 m2/g (700 C/5 hours) and 35,879 m2/g (800 C/7 hours) through BET analysis. According to the GC-MS analysis, the main components of the biodiesel include methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, and methyl stearate.

Page 9 of 32 | Total Record : 319

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