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Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science

GIJES
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Published by Greenation Research

ISSN : 2986089X EISSN : 29860326 DOI : https://doi.org/10.38035/gijes

Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Mechanical Engineering

Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (GIJES) is a peer-reviewed journal managed and published by Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National. GIJES is published four times a year, in March, June, September, and December. GIJES provides a platform for academics, researchers, and practitioners to publish scientific articles. The scope of articles listed in this journal is related to various topics such as Engineering Education, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Informatics Engineering, Craft Engineering, Architectural Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental and Safety Technology, Basic Chemical Engineering, and Applied Chemistry, Transportation Engineering, Geology & Mining Engineering, Marine & Naval Engineering, and other related engineering fields.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)

Articles 66 Documents

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Identification of Human Resource Planning Factors in In-house Construction Management (Owner-Managed Construction) Affecting the Time Performance of Hotel Development Projects Rahma Ghaesani Subagja; Rully Andhika Karim
Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): (GIJES) Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (June - August
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijes.v4i2.1118

In projects implementing an In-house Construction Management (CM) system, the effectiveness of human resource (HR) planning is a critical aspect in supporting the achievement of project time targets, particularly in projects whose Owners lack a construction-related background. This condition is commonly found in Hotel Development Projects, as the Owner's core business is neither in the construction sector nor in hotel operations. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the HR planning factors of In-house CM in owner-managed construction with limited project management background, and to examine their influence on project time performance. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach using a case study method. Data were obtained through a literature review, expert validation to determine the level of influence of indicators on time performance, and the distribution of questionnaires to project respondents to identify the existing conditions. Data analysis was conducted using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method, mean score, and the Spearman correlation test. The RII results identified 12 indicators categorized as "Very High" in importance, which were subsequently tested for their correlation with project time performance. The results indicate that HR mobilization time planning and the establishment of team coordination relationships have the strongest correlation (categorized as "Strong"), thus becoming the priority indicators in efforts to improve the time performance of Hotel Development Projects.

Critical Regionalism in Indonesian International-Standard Sports Facilities: Architectural Identity and Resilience Dimas Pradipta; Darmansjah Tjahja Prakasa; Ibrahim Tohar
Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): (GIJES) Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (June - August
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijes.v4i2.1170

The development of internationally standardized sports facilities in Indonesia often adopts uniform global design standards to meet international federation requirements, risking the loss of Nusantara architectural identity and limiting adaptation to tropical climates and long-term operational needs. This study formulates a critical regionalism strategy for planning internationally standardized sports facilities that integrates Nusantara architectural identity with architectural resilience. A qualitative comparative multiple-case study was conducted on three facilities: the Mandalika International Street Circuit in Lombok, the Muncar BMX Circuit in Banyuwangi, and Manahan Stadium in Surakarta. The analysis focused on contextual typo-morphology, regionalist tectonic strategies, and spatial resilience. The findings reveal three key strategies: integrating site topography and geo-climatic conditions into massing and track design, translating cosmological values and vernacular typologies into contemporary tectonic expressions rather than decorative forms, and creating loose-fit spaces that support flexible post-event functions for long-term economic and social sustainability. Architectural resilience is strengthened through tropical climate-responsive design, adaptable circulation systems, and community participation in post-construction management. This study contributes a cross-typology analytical framework that integrates critical regionalism, Nusantara architectural identity, and architectural resilience, offering a comprehensive reference for planning internationally standardized sports facilities in Indonesia.

Flood Hazard Analysis and Adaptive Mitigation in Coastal Semarang Using a Geographic Information System Approach Alif Lombardoaji Sidiq; Muhammad Farhan Rizqi; Fredi Dwi Purnama; Pipit Skriptianata Putra Pranida
Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): (GIJES) Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (June - August
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijes.v4i2.1205

The coastal area of Semarang City is divided administratively based on sub-districts of Tugu‚ West Semarang‚ East Semarang‚ North Semarang‚ and Genuk․ The area is highly vulnerable to inundation and wide-ranging flooding due to excess rainfall‚ low elevation‚ and hydrological impacts caused by reclamation activities in the city of Semarang․ The aim of this study was to spatially identify this hazard and suggest appropriate mitigation strategies‚ based on a four-factor quantitative GIS model․ The factors used were slope‚ average annual rainfall‚ land use and soil type․ The four were combined using overlay and weighting․ The resulting model revealed that 5‚364․45 hectares (66․40%) of the study area is Highly Vulnerable․ Another 33․26% (2‚687․42 hectares) was determined to be Moderately Vulnerable and 0․33% (27․07 hectares) Slightly Vulnerable․ No land was determined to be completely safe․ In light of this distribution‚ the recommendations made here are weighted towards structural measures (where risk is highest)‚ such as hardening the seawalls and normalizing the polder system․ It will lower the risk of future disasters in the long run․

A Systematic Review on Hybrid Feature Selection in Recommendation Systems: Future Perspectives for PCA and Mutual Information Integration I Wayan Dodi Putra Artawan; I Gede Aris Gunadi; I Made Gede Sunarya
Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): (GIJES) Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (June - August
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijes.v4i2.1207

Recommendation systems increasingly employ hybrid learning pipelines to address data sparsity, cold-start problems, high-dimensional user-item features, and unstable preference signals. Feature selection is essential because irrelevant and redundant variables reduce prediction accuracy, increase computational cost, and limit model interpretability. Although Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Mutual Information (MI) are widely applied for dimensionality reduction and feature relevance evaluation, their combined role in recommendation systems remains underexplored. This systematic review synthesized evidence on hybrid feature-selection approaches and the potential integration of PCA and MI in recommendation pipelines following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A PRISMA-based screening process identified 552 records, removed 147 duplicates, screened 405 titles and 169 abstracts, assessed 74 full-text articles, and included 30 studies for qualitative synthesis. Three dominant themes emerged: hybrid recommender models integrating collaborative and content-based filtering, hybrid feature-selection frameworks combining filter and wrapper methods, and PCA-MI pipelines for high-dimensional classification. Although direct PCA-MI applications in recommendation systems remain limited, existing evidence supports a two-stage framework in which PCA extracts stable latent representations and MI ranks features based on predictive relevance. Integrating PCA, MI, and wrapper or metaheuristic optimization offers a promising strategy to improve recommendation accuracy, scalability, and explainability across diverse application domains.

Evaluation of Linear Regression and Ridge Regression as Baselines for Predicting Indonesia's CO₂ Emissions I Putu Santrisna; Dewa Gede Hendra Divayana; I Made Gede Sunarya
Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): (GIJES) Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (June - August
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijes.v4i2.1217

Indonesia's annual CO₂ emissions have increased alongside economic growth and rising energy demand, making short-term prediction relevant for environmental planning. This study evaluates Linear Regression and Ridge Regression as transparent baseline models for predicting Indonesia's total annual CO₂ emissions using public data from Our World in Data for 1990–2022. The predictors are GDP per capita, primary energy consumption, and population. The data were split chronologically, with 1990–2015 as training data and 2016–2022 as test data. Ridge Regression used standardized predictors, and its alpha parameter was selected on the training period using TimeSeriesSplit. Model performance was evaluated using MAE, RMSE, and R², and was compared with Naive Forecast and Linear Trend baselines. Linear Regression achieved the best performance on the test data with MAE of 19.181, RMSE of 21.384, and R² of 0.887. Ridge Regression produced MAE of 27.693, RMSE of 33.758, and R² of 0.719, while still outperforming the simple baselines. These results indicate that although regularization is theoretically motivated under multicollinearity, it did not improve, and in this case reduced, out-of-sample accuracy on a small annual dataset. The findings should be interpreted as predictive performance rather than causal relationships.

Designing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for Evaluating Sales Performance and Distribution Systems in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Sector Using the Balanced Scorecard and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Methods at PT X Muhammad Fadril Sonaska; Hery Irwan
Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): (GIJES) Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science (June - August
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijes.v4i2.1228

The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry requires companies to maintain high operational efficiency, effective sales performance, and reliable distribution systems to sustain competitiveness in an increasingly dynamic market. PT X currently evaluates sales performance primarily based on sales achievement, while other strategic aspects, including customer satisfaction, distribution effectiveness, internal business processes, and employee capability development, have not been comprehensively measured. This condition limits management's ability to evaluate organizational performance holistically and identify strategic improvement priorities. Therefore, this study aims to design Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for evaluating sales and distribution performance using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method and determine KPI priorities through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This research employed a quantitative descriptive approach involving interviews, observations, company document analysis, and expert judgment from sales managers, distribution managers, and logistics supervisors. The Balanced Scorecard was utilized to formulate strategic objectives and performance indicators based on four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. Furthermore, AHP was applied to determine the priority weights of each perspective and KPI through pairwise comparison matrices. The study identified twenty-four KPIs distributed across the four Balanced Scorecard perspectives. The AHP results indicated that the Financial Perspective received the highest priority weight (0.39), followed by Customer (0.28), Internal Business Process (0.20), and Learning and Growth (0.13). The highest-priority KPIs include Sales Achievement, On-Time Delivery, Fill Rate, Customer Retention Rate, and Distribution Cost Ratio. The proposed KPI system provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating organizational performance and supporting strategic decision-making to improve sales effectiveness and distribution efficiency in PT X.

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M. Rizky Mahaputra

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INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name M. Rizky Mahaputra

Contact Email greenation.info@gmail.com

Phone +6281210467572

Journal Mail Official greenation.info@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jl. Kapten. A. Hasan, Telanaipura, Kota Jambi, Jambi 36361, Indonesia

Location Kota jambi, Jambi INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
M. Rizky Mahaputra

Contact Email
greenation.info@gmail.com

Phone
+6281210467572

Journal Mail Official
greenation.info@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Kapten. A. Hasan, Telanaipura, Kota Jambi, Jambi 36361, Indonesia

Location
Kota jambi,

Jambi

INDONESIA