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Medicosphere
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30639433     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33005
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social, Engineering,
Immunology & microbiology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences
Journal of Diverse Medical Research is an open access and peerreviewed journal published every month by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur. This journal is a dissemination medium for research result from various areas in medical science.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 87 Documents
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The Impact of Screen Time on Eye Health: Clinical Implications and Prevention: A Literature Review Praksosa, I Made Andika Prakosa; Prajnaparamita, Irfani
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i4.94

Abstract

The increased use of digital devices has led to a surge in screen time, significantly impactingeye health. The effects include computer vision syndrome, digital eye strain, and a rise inmyopia, particularly among children.Objective: This article aims to evaluate the impact ofscreen time on eye health, identify the underlying mechanisms, and summarize effectiveprevention strategies.Methods: A literature review was conducted on scholarly articlespublished since 2020, using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Thesearch focused on epidemiological studies, physiological mechanisms, and mitigation effortsrelated to screen time.Results: Studies indicate that increased screen time is associated with arise in eye complaints, such as dry eyes, visual fatigue, and accommodation disorders. Riskfactors include blue light exposure, improper viewing distances, and prolonged device usage.Prevention measures such as the 20-20-20 rule, blue light filters, and ergonomic workplaceadjustments have proven effective in reducing symptoms.Conclusion: Excessive screen timenegatively affects eye health, particularly among the younger population and office workers.Public education and the implementation of preventive strategies are needed to minimize thisimpact.
LITERATURE REVIEW OF NEPHROTIC EDEMA MANAGEMENT: A Literature Review Pramuti, Agysza Ulfiantika; Estu Pratiwi, Prasetyaning
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i4.111

Abstract

Abstract Background. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a renal disorder characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. Among these, edema remains a prominent clinical manifestation affecting patient quality of life and signaling disease progression. Understanding its multifactorial pathophysiology is essential for optimizing treatment strategies. Methods. A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from 2020 to 2024 was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Elsevier. Search terms included "Edema," "Nephrotic Syndrome," "Proteinuria," and "Nephrotic Edema." Relevant articles, including case reports, reviews, and clinical studies, were critically analyzed to identify advances in understanding and managing edema in NS. Discussion. Edema in NS arises from a combination of hypoalbuminemia-induced oncotic pressure reductions, increased sodium retention, and altered vascular permeability. Standard therapies, such as diuretics and dietary sodium restriction, address these mechanisms but may be insufficient for resistant cases. Emerging strategies include combination diuretics, targeted immunomodulators, and personalized approaches based on genetic predispositions and hormonal influences. Advanced outcome measures now enable improved assessment of treatment effectiveness and patient outcomes experiences . Conclusion. Effective management of nephrotic edema requires a holistic approach, integrating conventional therapies with emerging innovations. Advances in molecular research and diagnostic precision are paving the way for personalized interventions, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary care to improve outcomes and enhance patient quality of life.
The Effectiveness of HPV Vaccine in Cervical Cancer Prevention: A Literature Review juandi, rahma khaerussifa; Pujiastuti, Agustina Tri
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i5.114

Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide, with more than 600,000 cases and 342,000 deaths occurring in 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer by 2030, where Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is one of its main pillars. In Indonesia, the HPV vaccination program has been implemented as a preventive measure in preventing cervical cancer, with the main target being girls aged 9 to 14 years. HPV vaccines, especially types 16 and 18, have been shown to be effective in preventing more than 70% of cervical cancer cases. This literature review evaluates the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in girls in Indonesia and the challenges in its implementation. Although the national vaccination program has been successfully implemented in various regions, challenges such as socio-economic, myths about vaccines, and rejection from parents are still obstacles in achieving optimal vaccination coverage. Continuous education to the public is essential to build a better understanding of the benefits of HPV vaccination in preventing cervical cancer. With higher vaccination coverage, it is hoped that the incidence rate of cervical cancer can be significantly reduced in the future.
A Literature Review on Tuberculosis Treatment Dosage, Side Effects, and PostTreatment Response: A Literature Review Syahbaa', Zebaa; Yuniati, Shinta Karina
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i4.120

Abstract

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a global healthproblem. TB treatment requires lengthy drug regimens with varying doses and sideeffects, which can affect patient adherence to therapy.Objective. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of TB treatment,including dosage, side effects, and expected response after treatment.Methods. This study collected data from 21 journals downloaded from the Mendeleyplatform, covering studies that addressed common aspects of TB treatment.Results. TB treatment involves a combination of major drugs such as isoniazid,rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Common side effects are gastrointestinaldisorders, hepatotoxicity, and neuropathy. Adherence to dosage and management of sideeffects are key to successful TB therapy.Conclusion. Proper dosing and monitoring of side effects are important factors inimproving patient adherence to TB treatment, which in turn can improve treatmentresponse.
Systemic Lupus Erytomatosa in Pregnancy Accompained by Angioedema : A Case Report Hakim, Masyhur; Debrina Kusuma Devi
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i5.171

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease with diverse clinical manifestations, variable disease progression, and prognosis. SLE is associated with genetic, hormonal, immunological, and environmental factors. Its prevalence in the general population ranges from twenty to one hundred fifty cases per one hundred thousand people. SLE is more commonly found in women, particularly those of reproductive age. Angioedema in SLE patients is a rare occurrence both regionally and globally. scale. This article reports the case of a 24-year-old woman who came to the Emergency Department of Ploso Hospital with complaints of reddish spots on the face area accompanied by swollen lips since 1 week before admission. The patient also complained of a rash on both palms, mouth ulcers on the lips, and hair loss. The patient is currently pregnant with a gestational age of 6 months. Complaints of rashes on the face and swollen lips have been experienced by the patient before. The results of physical examination and support showed that the patient was diagnosed with SLE. This article aims to add insight into cases of angioedema in SLE patients with pregnancy so that further research and development can be carried out.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Management of Ischemic Stroke in Indonesia: A Systematic Review Sumardi, Fitri Sepviyanti
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i5.173

Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in Indonesia. However, with the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), there is a promising future for improving stroke diagnosis and management. This article aims to explore the potential of AI in this context, as well as the challenges and opportunities for its implementation in Indonesia, offering a hopeful outlook for the future of stroke care. Article Selection Methodology: This is a narrative study on the utilization of AI in diagnosing and managing ischemic stroke. Using the keywords' role of AI in diagnosing and managing ischemic stroke,' we retrieved and critically reviewed approximately 16 relevant articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results: Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising avenue for enhancing stroke diagnosis. Its ability to analyze data faster and more accurately and to assist medical personnel in making better clinical decisions is a significant advancement. However, it's crucial to recognize and address challenges, such as the need for high-quality data and adequate user training. Overcoming these hurdles is critical and requires our utmost determination and commitment to fully realizing the potential of AI in daily clinical practice. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence has significant potential in diagnosing and managing ischemic stroke in Indonesia. Its ability to enhance diagnostic accuracy, streamline clinical decision-making, and improve access to care is undeniable. However, to fully realize these benefits, we must urgently invest in further research and foster collaboration among various stakeholders. We can ensure the safe, effective, and ethical implementation of this transformative technology through these concerted efforts.
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum in Lepromatous Type Hansen’s Disease: A Case Report Utomo, Zulfikri Firmansyah Prayitno; Widiatma, Ridha Ramadina
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i6.175

Abstract

This case report describes a 39-year-old woman with lepromatous Hansen's disease accompanied by erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reaction. The patient had complained of lumps in the facial area since 2017 and did not experience any improvement after therapy. In 2022, the diagnosis of ENL was confirmed by BTA examination with a bacterial index of +1 and a morphological index of 90%. After undergoing one year of therapy and re-evaluation, an increase in morphological index was found. Currently, the lesions have spread to the hands and feet, and the patient is receiving anti-inflammatory and supportive therapy with regular monitoring. ENL is a type II reaction to immune-mediated Hansen's disease with the role of various inflammatory cytokines. Risk factors include lepromatous type, hormonal status, and bacterial index. Delayed diagnosis and suboptimal therapeutic response can worsen the clinical course. In conclusion, this case highlights the importance of early detection, immunological management, and a multidisciplinary approach in managing chronic ENL in lepromatous Hansen's disease.
Enhancing Emergency Fracture Diagnosis with Point-of-Care Ultrasound (Pocus) : A Rapid and Efficient Alternative: A Literature Review Agastya, Wayan Dhea; Rahmadinie, Amalia; Aulia, Khansa Tsabitah; Anrofi, Fakhirah Nailah; Al Habsyi, Alya Raguan; Firdausiyah, Shofie Ayu Nur; Winangest, Bisarda Kanira Permata Putri
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i5.177

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Fracture diagnosis is a crucial aspect of trauma and musculoskeletal injury management, traditionally relying on imaging modalities such as X-ray, CT scan, and MRI. However, these methods have limitations, including high costs, long waiting times, radiation exposure, and limited accessibility in remote areas. Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as a diagnostic alternative that is more portable, cost-effective, radiation-free, and provides real-time results, making it a potential solution in emergency situations or resource-limited healthcare facilities. Methods: This study employs a literature search approach based on the PICO framework to evaluate the effectiveness of Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in detecting fractures compared to X-ray, CT scan, and MRI. Literature sources were obtained from Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and PubMed using relevant keywords. Seven English-language journals were selected for further analysis. Results and Disscussion: POCUS is a rapid, non-invasive, and effective diagnostic tool for fracture and musculoskeletal injury. It allows fracture identification within an average of 3.9 minutes, with a sensitivity exceeding 85%, reaching up to 100% in children, while its specificity exceeds 90%. Although its accuracy is still lower than that of MRI, POCUS excels in terms of speed and patient convenience. Conclusion: POCUS serves as a safe and rapid alternative to conventional methods, particularly for children and patients with limited access to radiographic imaging. It provides a more patient-friendly diagnostic method, especially in medical settings requiring high safety and speed. While X-ray remains the gold standard, POCUS can be utilized in emergency situations. However, its effectiveness depends on operator skill and is less optimal for detecting complex fractures. Keywords: Point-of-Care-Ultrasound, POCUS, Fracture, Diagnosis, Medical Imaging
The Role of One Health Framework to Neglected Tropical Diseases in South East Asia: A Literature Review Tedjaprasadja, Leonardo
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i5.179

Abstract

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) remain a significant public health challenge in Southeast Asia, disproportionately affecting marginalized communities and exacerbating cycles of poverty and poor health. These diseases often arise at the interface of human, animal, and environmental health, necessitating a transdisciplinary approach. The One Health framework, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health strategies, offers a holistic and sustainable solution to combat NTDs in the region. This article explores the application of One Health in addressing NTDs such as dengue, leptospirosis, schistosomiasis, and rabies across Southeast Asia. It highlights current regional initiatives, identifies challenges including fragmented surveillance systems and limited intersectoral coordination and underscores the importance of cross-border collaboration, community engagement, and policy integration. Emphasizing the need for sustained investment and capacity building, the article advocates for strengthening One Health systems as a pathway toward effective NTD control and elimination in Southeast Asia.
Severe Headache as the Initial and Isolated Manifestation of a High-Volume Intracranial Meningioma: A Case Report Makkiyah, Feda Anisah; Rizkyta, Bunga Mentari; Syahrin, Rosita Alfi; Sihotang, Theodora Caroline
Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): J Divers Med Res 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medical - UPN Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jdiversemedres.v2i6.182

Abstract

Meningiomas are the most common benign intracranial tumors and make up 13-26% of all primary intracranial tumors. This tumor can be seen through radiological images and classified through the results of anatomical pathology examination. A 48-year-old woman came from Cileungsi Hospital with complaints of severe headaches in the past 3 days ago. When examined using a CT scan with contrast, an extra-axial mass was found in the right frontal region with prefocal edema around it. This supports the picture of high-grade meningioma which causes midline deviation towards the left. High-grade meningiomas, as one of the aggressive types of brain tumors, pose significant challenges in the fields of neurology and oncology. With its characteristic rapid growth and tendency to relapse, a thorough understanding of its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis is essential in efforts to improve patient outcomes. This patient is scheduled for craniotomy surgery with a neurosurgeon specialist and found a tumor in the right parietal region with a solid consistency. with the patient's complaint lasting only 3 days, feeling severe headaches, it was found that the tumor image obtained was already large, making it is possible that the final outcome of the disease in these patients is poor due to delays in treatment. This case report shows that early detection of this disease needs to be done considering that the patient's complaints only lasted 3 days, which is not in line with the progression of the tumor itself.

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