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Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin. Alamat : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin, Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea KM 10 Makassar 90245.
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Salaga Journal
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30322677     DOI : https://doi.org/10.70124/salaga
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering
SALAGA journal is an academic journal for the publication of original articles and reviews in the field of appropriate technology for agriculture production and processing. The aim of this journal is to provide a forum for academia, researchers, and practitioners in discussing, reviewing, analyzing, and reporting research findings related to appropriate technologies in agriculture production and processing. Using tools, equipment, and practices that are well-matched to the regional contexts, resources, and farmer needs is referred to as using appropriate technology in agriculture. It seeks to be reasonably priced, long-lasting, and simple to maintain while enhancing production and livelihoods by taking into account environmental and social factors. Editor in Chief: Haerani ISSN (online): 3032-2677 Frequency: Biannual
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 29 Documents
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Estimating Corn Productivity Using Sentinel-2 Imagery and Spectrometer Liku, Yeli Oktaviana Liku; Daniel, Daniel; Sitti, Nur Faridah
Salaga Journal Volume 02, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v2i2.1779

Abstract

Corn is a staple food for the Indonesian population due to its high carbohydrate content, second only to rice. Estimating corn production before the harvest period is crucial for predicting total production output from a given location. This study aims to develop a production model for corn using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery combined with spectral data from a spectrometer and field measurements. The research involved collecting field data on corn production, downloading Sentinel-2 imagery for the period from December 10, 2022, to February 28, 2023, performing atmospheric correction and image cropping, transforming the data into NDVI and EVI vegetation indices, and analyzing the data using simple linear regression to determine the relationship between the NDVI and EVI indices and corn plant parameters, specifically biomass. The results show a strong correlation between productivity estimates using Sentinel-2 and spectrometer data with field observations. For the Sentinel-2 Vegetation Index, EVI has the highest correlation with productivity at approximately 88%, compared to other vegetation indices at around 80%. For the Spectrometer Vegetation Index, NDVI has the highest correlation at around 83%, while other indices are below 80%. Therefore, Sentinel-2 and spectrometer data can effectively estimate productivity in corn plantations.
The Effect of Fermentation and Soaking Time on Water Content of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Sri Wahyuni, Rahman; Abdul, Azis; Junaedi, Muhidong
Salaga Journal Volume 02, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v2i2.1780

Abstract

Post-harvest handling, particularly fermentation and soaking, significantly affects cocoa quality. This study investigates the effects of fermentation duration (3, 5, 7 days) and soaking time (1, 2, 3 hours) on the moisture content of MCC 02 cocoa beans. The fermented beans were sun-dried, and moisture content was analyzed using the wet/dry basis method. Results showed the lowest wet basis moisture content of 55.65% for beans fermented for 3 days and soaked for 1 hour, and the highest of 63.1% for beans fermented for 3 days and soaked for 2 hours. After drying, the control sample had a moisture content of 7.7% (63.5% before drying), while the lowest moisture content for beans fermented for 5 days with 1-hour soaking was 7.95%, and the highest was 10.65% for beans fermented for 3 days with 1-hour soaking, exceeding the SNI standard (6-7%). Temperature fluctuations (28 - 37°C) and weather-dependent drying prolonged the process, resulting in higher moisture content than the standard, indicating the need for controlled drying methods.
Changes in Coconut Water Quality (Cocos nucifera L) During the Storage Process Andini, Nurlisa; Muhidong, Junaedi; Haerani; Intan Permata Hati, Febriana
Salaga Journal Volume 02, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v2i2.1786

Abstract

Coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) is a natural beverage widely recognized for its high nutritional and health benefits. It contains essential electrolytes such as potassium, magnesium, and calcium, along with various vitamins and antioxidants; however, the quality deteriorates over time during storage. This study compares changes in the quality of young and mature coconut water stored at cold and ambient temperatures over a specific period of time. The research method includes measuring turbidity levels, pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS). The results indicate that both young and mature coconut water experience degradation in quality during storage, although at different rates. Storage at ambient temperature leads to a more rapid decline in quality than cold storage for both maturity types. Additionally, microbial growth is more frequently detected in coconut water stored at ambient temperature, particularly in mature coconut water. This study summarises that the quality of young and mature coconut water is influenced by storage temperature, with mature coconut water deteriorating at a higher rate. These findings can be recommended for storing coconut water at cold temperatures and consuming it shortly after opening it.
Isotherm Curve Model of Ciherang and Ciliwung Grain Varieties Yuni, Rahmawati; Junaedi, Muhidong; Haerani, Haerani
Salaga Journal Volume 03, No. 1, June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v3i1.1808

Abstract

The advancement of post-harvest technology in Indonesia has provided accurate models for predicting grain behavior during storage. This study aimed to determine the best sorption isotherm model for describing the equilibrium moisture content of Ciherang and Ciliwung rice varieties. Rice samples were stored in 18 desiccators containing salt solutions with relative humidity (RH) levels of 10–80% at temperatures of 30, 40, and 50°C. Water content parameters were measured and three models (Oswin, Kuhn, and Chung-Pfost) were evaluated based on their coefficient of determination (R²). The results indicated that the Chung-Pfost model yielded the highest R² values for both varieties. For Ciherang, the R² values were 0.921 (30°C), 0.938 (40°C), and 0.931 (50°C), while Ciliwung showed R² values of 0.894 (30°C), 0.915 (40°C), and 0.920 (50°C). The study concluded that the Chung-Pfost model effectively represents water absorption behavior in these rice varieties, with higher temperatures reducing the equilibrium moisture content
Production of Biochar from Sago Dregs Using NaOH Pretreatment and Microwave Pyrolysis Syam, Jabal Nur; Diyah, Yumeina; Salengke, Salengke
Salaga Journal Volume 03, No. 1, June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v3i1.1809

Abstract

The waste from sago dregs generated during the starch extraction process has not been optimally utilized and has the potential to cause environmental pollution. This study aimed to process sago dregs into biochar through chemical pretreatment (NaOH soaking) and physical pretreatment (microwave pyrolysis) and applied it as raw material for briquettes. The research methods consisted of (1) Pretreatment of sago dregs with 10% and 30% NaOH for 6 hours, (2) Pyrolysis using a 540-watt microwave at 300–400°C for 20 minutes, and (3) Briquette production using sago starch binder at a 10:1 ratio. The analysis results indicated that 30% NaOH pretreatment significantly reduced cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents to 1.07, 0.52, and 1.10%, respectively, compared to the 10% NaOH (6.11%, 5.71%, and 6.03%). The moisture content of biochar decreased to 2.53–2.65%, in accordance to SNI 06-3730-1995 standard of 10% maximum . However, the ash content increased to 45.99–53.78%, exceeding the SNI limit of 15%. Briquettes made from 30% NaOH-pretreated biochar had the longest burning time (26.54 minutes), outperforming the 10% NaOH (12.32 minutes). This study found that sago dregs have the potential to serve as a high-quality biochar raw material due to its moisture content meets the SNI standard, although its high ash content limits its use as fuel. Sago dregs biochar briquettes can be considered a renewable energy alternative, while the high ash content offers potential applications in soil or water remediation.
Estimation of Soil C-Organic Content Based on Reflectance Values Generated from Spectrometer Salmia, Salmia; Useng, Daniel; Samsuar, Samsuar
Salaga Journal Volume 03, No. 1, June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v3i1.1813

Abstract

C-Organic is an important component of soil fertility. The intensity of agricultural land use affects the organic matter content in the soil. A spectrometer can be used to measure organic matter content through reflectance values. This study aimed to compare reflectance values and C-Organic content in rice fields with planting Index (IP) of 100 and IP of 300 in Maros Regency, as well as to analyze the relationship between reflectance values and laboratory test results. The method used involved collecting soil samples from both types of rice fields, measuring reflectance using a spectrometer in the Blue, Green, Red, and NIR spectra, and analyzing their relationship with C-Organic content. The results showed that reflectance values and C-Organic content in 300 IP were higher than in 100 IP, with the highest coefficient of determination (R²) was in red spectrum, i.e. 0.9425. The C-Organic content at the research field was classified as very low, ranging from 0.61 to 1.05%, with a higher average in 300 IP (0.96%) compared to 100 IP (0.74%). This study concluded that a spectrometer can be a fast and accurate alternative for detecting soil C-Organic content, especially at a wavelength of 650 nm.
Temperature and Humidity Control in a Small-Scale Greenhouse in a Tropical Climate Aditya A. Jamaluddin, Tisha; Sitti Nur, Faridah; Muhammad Tahir, Sapsal; Dani Achmad, Andini; Reskyanto , Ari
Salaga Journal Volume 03, No. 1, June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v3i1.1815

Abstract

Global climate change has increased fluctuations in temperature and humidity, threatening the sustainability of the agricultural sector. This research aimed to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based microclimate control system for greenhouses using Arduino and the Thingspeak platform. The system was designed as a closed-loop using an ESP-32 as the control center, a DHT-22 sensor for data acquisition, and Solid-State Relay (SSR) actuators to control the blower, heater, and misting pump. Testing was conducted in a greenhouse with an area of 3 m² and a height of 2.3 meters. The results showed that the system could maintain a temperature of 27–36°C (external deviation: 29–48°C) and humidity of 85–90% (external deviation: 47–100%) with low overshoot, namely 1.18% (temperature) and 1.49% (humidity), and a settling time of under 4 minutes. The steady-state error was within the tolerance limit (maximum 5%). However, the system experienced a data loss of 26.04% and an average transmission delay of 16.5 seconds due to network instability at the test location. Nevertheless, the system proved effective in maintaining an optimal microclimate for small-scale plant growth.
Automation of a Combustion Engine-Driven Sprinkler Irrigation Pump in Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) Cultivation Rosalinda, Rosalinda; Sapsal, Muhammad Tahir; Achmad, Mahmud; Olly Sanny, Hutabarat; Ahmad, Munir; Suhardi, Suhardi
Salaga Journal Volume 03, No. 1, June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v3i1.1823

Abstract

Sprinkler irrigation control is necessary not only for efficiency but also for reducing bulb rot in shallot cultivation caused by excessive watering. This study developed an Arduino-based automatic control system for a combustion-engine-powered sprinkler irrigation setup to prevent overwatering in shallot farming in Enrekang Regency, Indonesia. The system used a servo motor to adjust the throttle lever of the combustion engine, allowing it to stop pumping the water when the soil moisture level detected by the YL-69 sensor exceeded the optimal threshold. This ensured that the irrigation was applied according to the ideal soil moisture level. The testing included infiltration rate measurement, sprinkler uniformity analysis, sensor calibration, system performance evaluation, and shallot yield assessment. The results showed an average irrigation uniformity coefficient (CU) of 84.34%, with the system operating for 10–28 minutes to maintain soil moisture at no more than 70%. The plot using the control system yielded 140 kg of shallots, whereas the plot without the system produced only 96.2 kg. Additionally, the percentage of rotten shallots in the control plot was 5%, which was significantly lower than that observed in the uncontrolled plot (18%). This system effectively reduced bulb rot, demonstrating its feasibility for optimizing water use and improving crop productivity in areas without access to electricity.
The Effect of Temperature and Heating Time on The Yield and Chemical Quality of Red Fruit (Pandanus conoideus) Oil Using Dry Extraction Method Aman, Wilson Palelingan; Sarungallo, Zita Letviany; Santoso, Budi; Murtiningrum; Paiki, Sritina N.P.
Salaga Journal Volume 03, No. 1, June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70124/salaga.v3i1.1828

Abstract

The quality of Red Fruit Oil (RFO) is influenced by the extraction method. The objective of this research was to study the effect of temperature and heating time of red fruit on the chemical quality of red fruit oil using the dry extraction method. This research was divided into two steps: 1) evaluation of the chemical quality (water content, free fatty acid (FFA), iodine value, and carotenoid total) of the red fruit oil during the steaming of red fruit grains (drupa) at 60 , 80 , and 100°C  for 20, 80, and 60 minutes; and 2) evaluation of the chemical quality (water content, FFA, and total carotenoids) of RFO during the steaming of red fruit chunk of whole fruit (cepallum) at 100°C for 60 minutes and 120°C for 30 minutes. The results showed that increasing the temperature and heating time of red fruit grains increased the yield (1.20 to 5.95%) and decreased the FFA levels (4.5 to 2.7%); however, the total carotenoid content of oil tended to decrease (from 7570 to 7209 μg/mL). Heating at 100°C for 60 minutes did not affect the level of saturated fatty acids in RFO. The steaming process of the red fruit chunk of whole fruit before extraction could decrease the oil yield and total carotenoid levels, as well as lower the FFA level of oil than steaming of red fruit grains.

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