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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/ijhsm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Focus: The Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine (IJHSM) focus to advance the field of health science and medicine by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and case studies. Our journal serves as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, critical insights, and emerging trends in the broad domain of health science and medicine. Scope: Clinical Research and Practice Studies on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Clinical trials and evidence-based practices. Advances in medical technology and therapeutics. Public Health Epidemiology and health statistics. Health policy and management. Community health initiatives and health education. Biomedical Science Research on cellular and molecular biology. Genetics and genomics. Pharmacology and toxicology. Health Care Systems and Services Health care delivery and management. Quality improvement in health care services. Health economics and health informatics. Global Health Health issues affecting populations worldwide. International health regulations and practices. Global health governance and diplomacy. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Lifestyle and behavioral interventions. Preventive medicine and early detection. Nutritional science and physical activity. Mental Health Research on mental health disorders and treatments. Psychological well-being and mental health promotion. Integration of mental health services in primary care. Innovations in Health Education and Training Medical and health science education methodologies. Training programs for health professionals. Continuing education and professional development.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 268 Documents
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Gender Differences in Verbal Abuse and Argument Strategies in Movies: Perbedaan Gender dalam Kekerasan Verbal dan Strategi Perdebatan dalam Film Kadhim, Hanan Abdalkareem; Kareem , Maram Salam Abdul; Kareem , Nahid Raoof
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.245

Abstract

Background: Language serves as both a communicative tool and a means of exercising social power. In cinematic dialogues, verbal abuse and normal arguments often reflect deeper gendered communicative practices. Specific Background: While many studies focus on impoliteness or politeness theories separately, few have comparatively analyzed male and female speech in film discourse. Knowledge Gap: Limited research investigates how gender influences the use of verbal abuse strategies and speech acts in both aggressive and normal arguments within movies. Aim: This study examines linguistic differences between men and women in two films, Revolutionary Road and My Fault, by applying Evans’ verbal abuse model, Searle’s speech act theory, Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory, and Culpeper’s impoliteness framework. Results: Findings indicate that men predominantly employ name-calling and abusive anger with positive and negative impoliteness, whereas women frequently use judging and criticizing through bald on record and positive impoliteness. In normal arguments, men favor representative speech acts with negative politeness, while women rely on directive speech acts with bald on record politeness. Novelty: This comparative study integrates multiple pragmatic models to reveal systematic gendered patterns in cinematic communication. Implications: The results highlight how film dialogue reproduces gendered linguistic behavior, offering insights for discourse studies, gender linguistics, and media analysis. Highlights: Men use name-calling and abusive anger more. Women rely on judging and criticizing. Gendered patterns appear in both abuse and normal arguments. Keywords: Verbal Abuse, Gender Differences, Politeness, Speech Acts, Impoliteness
Toxicity of White Turi Leaf Extract on Liver Function in Mice: Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun Turi Putih pada Fungsi Hati Mencit Makrufah, Makrufah; Rohmah, Jamilatur
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.246

Abstract

General background: Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers., widely known as white turi, is traditionally used as analgesic, laxative, and other medicinal purposes. Specific background: Despite its therapeutic benefits, the plant contains secondary metabolites, including triterpenoids and alkaloids, with potential hepatotoxic properties, particularly pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Knowledge gap: Previous studies have indicated general toxicity of turi extracts but limited evidence exists on its subacute hepatic toxicity measured through enzymatic markers in animal models. Aim: This study investigated the toxicity of white turi leaf extract on liver function by assessing SGOT and SGPT levels in mice (Mus musculus). Results: Laboratory experiments using a posttest-only control group design were conducted with multiple dosage levels. Statistical analysis with Kruskal-Wallis revealed no significant differences in SGOT (p = 0.896) and SGPT (p = 0.527) levels between treatment and control groups, while ANOVA showed no significant change in liver weight (p = 0.089). Novelty: This research provides the first evidence that ethanolic white turi leaf extract, within the tested doses and 14-day observation, does not induce measurable hepatic dysfunction in mice. Implications: The findings suggest relative safety of white turi extract at tested doses, supporting its potential traditional use while highlighting the importance of further chronic toxicity studies. Highlights : White turi leaf extract showed no hepatotoxic effect in mice. SGOT-SGPT levels and liver weight remained within normal range. Supports safe traditional use but requires chronic toxicity evaluation. Keywords : Sesbania Grandiflora, White Turi Leaf, SGOT, SGPT, Hepatotoxicity
Examine The Capabilities of Biosynthetic Silver Nanoparticles as an Agent Against A549 Lung Cancer Cells Malaghi, Safaa Karim; Bashra Ali Ghyadh
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.247

Abstract

Targeting cancer cells using nanoparticles is a good way to get around the drawbacks of conventional radiation and chemotherapy. Certain characteristics of nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), include their anticancer efficacy and selective toxicity. Using probiotic bacteria like Lactobacillus plantarum to produce them is an economical and ecologically beneficial approach in the field of nanomedicine. This study's objectives are to create silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Lactobacillus plantarum cell filtrate, evaluate their biochemical and physicochemical characteristics, and look into how detrimental they are to lung cancer cells (A549) as opposed to healthy cells (WRL-68). The particles were generated by combining cell filtrate and a silver nitrate solution. The color changed to light brown due to surface plasmon photoreduction (SPR), indicating the creation of nanoparticles. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation, revealing an absorption peak at 260 nm. FESEM studies revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical in form, with a diameter of around 31.08 nm. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), alkanes (C-H), carbonyl (C=O), and amide (N-H), which help to reduce and stabilize the particles. The MTT test demonstrated that the silver nanoparticles had concentration-dependent toxicity on malignant A549 cells but limited effect on normal WRL-68 cells, indicating potential selectivity. The findings indicate that silver nanoparticles produced by Lactobacillus plantarum are a promising and generally safe approach for anticancer therapeutic applications, emphasizing the need for further research into their molecular mechanisms of action. Highlights: Silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Lactobacillus plantarum showed spherical shape (31.08 nm) with functional groups aiding stability. AgNPs exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells with IC₅₀ = 81.69 µg/mL. Minimal toxicity was observed on normal WRL-68 cells, confirming selective anticancer potential.
Study of Reasons for Breastfeeding Cessation in Basra City During The First Six Months Following Childbirth Taqi, Noor Hasan Mohamed; Hadeel H. Haider; Nadia Kaleel Abduljaleel
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.248

Abstract

Breastfeeding is universally recognized as the optimal source of infant nutrition, providing essential immunological, psychological, and developmental benefits for both mother and child. Specific Background: Despite the World Health Organization’s recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months postpartum, global and regional adherence remains low, with many women discontinuing early. Knowledge Gap: Limited studies in Basra have systematically investigated the underlying reasons for breastfeeding cessation within the critical first six months. Aims: This study aimed to identify the main causes of breastfeeding cessation among mothers in Basra and assess associations with socio-demographic and obstetric factors. Results: A total of 158 mothers were included. Most participants were 26–35 years old (56.4%), urban residents (76.6%), and of moderate financial level (75.3%). Only 31% practiced breastfeeding, while 48.1% relied on bottle feeding. The majority (68.4%) breastfed for 1–6 months, and only 16.5% continued beyond one year. Early cessation was not significantly associated with demographic or obstetric factors except parity, as multiparous mothers were more likely to continue breastfeeding. The leading reason for cessation was the perception of insufficient milk supply (36.7%), followed by time constraints (14.6%) and family influence (14%). This study highlights false perceptions of inadequate milk supply as a key, modifiable determinant of breastfeeding cessation in Basra, emphasizing the role of maternal experience and parity. Strengthening antenatal and postnatal counseling, enhancing family support, and improving primary health care interventions are critical for promoting longer breastfeeding duration and overcoming preventable barriers. Highlights Only 31% of mothers in Basra practiced breastfeeding, while 48.1% relied on bottle feeding. The main reason for early breastfeeding cessation was the perception of insufficient milk supply (36.7%). Multiparous mothers were significantly more likely to continue breastfeeding compared to primiparous mothers.
Histological Evaluation of Gastric Mucosa in Individuals with Gastric Ulcers and Its Association with Kidney Function Hamid, Ruqayya Saad; Raghad Hazem Alabbasy; Azhar Khalaf Alazzawi
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.250

Abstract

Gastric ulcers remain a major gastrointestinal disorder with significant global morbidity, frequently linked to hematological disturbances and systemic complications. While Helicobacter pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use are the leading causes of gastric ulcers, less attention has been given to their systemic impact, particularly on renal function and hematological status. Limited studies have explored the combined histological, hematological, and renal alterations in gastric ulcer patients, especially in developing regions. This study aimed to evaluate gastric mucosal histopathology in ulcer patients and investigate its association with hemoglobin levels, packed cell volume, and kidney function. Ninety participants were studied, including 60 with gastric ulcers and 30 controls. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced hemoglobin (11.55 ± 2.31 g/dL) and packed cell volume (36.37 ± 7.51%) compared with controls (p ≤ 0.05). Kidney function analysis revealed elevated urea (32.93 ± 9.41 mg/dL) and creatinine (0.816 ± 0.205 mg/dL) in patients versus controls (p ≤ 0.05). Histological examination of 100 gastric biopsies showed inflammation in 93% of cases, with active chronic inflammation in 59%, and H. pylori infection in 66% of samples. This is one of the first studies in Iraq to link histological gastric ulcer findings with both hematological parameters and renal function, providing an integrative view of disease impact. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive management of gastric ulcer patients, including regular monitoring of hematological and renal markers, alongside histopathological evaluation, to prevent systemic complications and improve outcomes. Highlights: Gastric ulcer patients showed significantly lower hemoglobin and packed cell volume compared to healthy controls. Kidney function was impaired in gastric ulcer patients, with elevated urea and creatinine levels. Histological analysis revealed high prevalence of chronic inflammation (93%) and Helicobacter pylori infection (66%) in gastric ulcer tissues.
The Impact of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Hemoglobin Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Anemia Sakar Emad Ali; AL-Qadhi, Israa Yahia
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.251

Abstract

Anemia is a widespread health problem caused by nutritional deficiencies or chronic diseases, often leading to reduced hemoglobin levels and serious complications if untreated. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is traditionally used as a dietary supplement due to its high iron, folate, and antioxidant content, which may improve hemoglobin synthesis. Although beetroot juice is consumed for its nutritional benefits, limited clinical evidence exists regarding its effect on hemoglobin levels in anemic and pregnant women in Iraq. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of beetroot juice supplementation on hemoglobin concentration in anemic patients, including pregnant women. Results: A total of 25 anemic participants (15 non-pregnant and 10 pregnant women) were enrolled and received beetroot juice twice daily for four weeks. In non-pregnant anemic patients, hemoglobin levels significantly increased from 10.29 ± 0.25 g/dL to 11.19 ± 0.21 g/dL (p = 0.0297). In pregnant women, hemoglobin levels rose from 9.56 ± 0.26 g/dL to 10.23 ± 0.27 g/dL, though the change was not statistically significant (p = 0.0855). This study provides one of the first structured evaluations in Iraq demonstrating beetroot juice as a natural dietary supplement capable of significantly improving hemoglobin levels in non-pregnant anemic patients. The findings suggest that beetroot juice may serve as a safe, accessible, and effective nutritional intervention for managing anemia, though further large-scale studies are recommended, particularly for pregnant women. Highlights: Beetroot juice supplementation significantly increased hemoglobin levels in non-pregnant anemic patients (p = 0.0297). Pregnant women showed a non-significant rise in hemoglobin after beetroot juice intake (p = 0.0855). Beetroot juice represents a safe, accessible, and natural nutritional intervention for anemia management
Assessment of Nursing Students' Knowledge about The Random Use of Antibiotics at College of Nursing in Al-Qadisiyah University Dakhil, Shaima Hasan; Ibtisam Rahman Jasim; Estabraq Ahmed Chyadh
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.252

Abstract

Antibiotics are either made from microorganisms or created in a lab. They work by killing or slowing down the growth of living organisms. to assess knowledge about the random use of antibiotics among nursing students at nursing College in Al- Al-Qadisiyah University. A quantitative Research was conducted to evaluate understanding and awareness regarding the random use of antibiotics. Between January 13, 2021, and May 20, 2021, both study and control groups were formed. A random sample of 170 participants, consisting of both males and females, was chosen. using Antibiotics among nursing students at nursing College in Al- Qadisiyah university . Data were collected during period (13th of January to 6 July) Using interview Technique. Data analyzed by using spss Ver23. The result of study showed that highest proportion Of the participants in the study, 51% were aged between 18 and 20. Among them, 85% were female and 15% were male. Additionally, 83% resided in urban areas, while 87.64% had a good understanding of the random use of antibiotics. A Useful assertion found in this study was that most of students practiced reading drug labels for composition and expiry dates. Most common source of information was pharmacology It was found that second-stage nursing students and read the prescription provided with the medicine carefully. Although antibiotics are generally considered safe, they have been associated with There are many different negative effects, and the side effects can be many and diverse. Highlights: Most nursing students (87.6%) demonstrated good knowledge regarding the random use of antibiotics. Significant associations were found between students’ knowledge and demographic factors such as residence and age. Pharmacology courses and reading drug labels were the main sources of antibiotic knowledge among students.
Overweight and Obesity with Lifestyle and Dietary Habits among Students: Kelebihan Berat Badan dan Obesitas pada Siswa Berkaitan dengan Gaya Hidup dan Kebiasaan Makan Idan, Jamal Sabr; Jawad , Ahmed Salam; Kadhim , Sajad Ahmed
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.253

Abstract

General Background: Overweight and obesity are increasing global health challenges, closely linked to cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disorders. Specific Background: University students in developing countries are particularly vulnerable due to poor dietary habits, sedentary lifestyles, and limited health awareness. Knowledge Gap: Despite growing concern, limited evidence exists on the combined influence of dietary and lifestyle factors on obesity among Iraqi students. Aim: This study aimed to examine the association between body mass index (BMI), dietary habits, and lifestyle behaviors among students at the Babylon Technical Institute. Results: A cross-sectional survey of 202 students revealed that while most participants had a normal BMI, a notable proportion were overweight or obese, with females at higher risk of central obesity. Although 54% reported eating three meals daily, dietary patterns were generally neutral or unhealthy, characterized by sugary drink consumption and meal skipping. Lifestyle factors showed a statistically significant association with nutritional status (p = 0.05), whereas dietary habits did not. Novelty: This is among the first studies in Iraq to simultaneously assess dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to BMI among technical institute students. Implications: The findings highlight the urgent need for institutional interventions, including awareness campaigns, healthier campus food environments, and promotion of physical activity to prevent long-term health risks.Highlight : Many students had normal weight, but a significant number were overweight or obese. Dietary habits were mostly unhealthy or neutral, with high intake of sugary drinks. Lifestyle showed a significant association with nutritional status. Keywords : BMI, Obesity, Lifestyle, Dietary Habits, Students
Assessing Anxiety in the Cardiac Catheterization Pathway: Cross-Sectional Evidence from a Tertiary Center Ahmed, Atheer Abd
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.256

Abstract

Anxiety is a common response to stressful medical interventions. Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization frequently experience heightened anxiety due to fear of pain, complications, or an unfavorable diagnosis. Assess anxiety levels among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and to examine their relationship with selected demographic variables. Cross-sectional study of 100 patients at Mosul Center for Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery. Data on anxiety were collected via interview questionnaires and analyzed in SPSS v28. Purposive sampling was used. Study period: 13 October 2024–20 April 2025. Fifty percent of patients had moderate anxiety. Anxiety correlated positively with gender (r=0.240, p=0.016) and negatively with educational level (r=−0.198, p=0.048) and occupation (r=−0.335, p<0.001). Most patients reported moderate anxiety. Gender and education showed weak but significant correlations with anxiety, while occupation showed a moderate negative correlation. Targeted mental-health programs and improved access to psychological services are recommended. Highlights: Moderate to severe anxiety was present in 80% of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, with fear being the most dominant symptom. Anxiety showed significant associations with gender, education, and occupation, but not with medical comorbidities. Findings emphasize the need for routine anxiety screening and targeted psychosocial interventions in catheterization care.
Homocysteine and Insulin Resistance among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Homosistein dan Resistensi Insulin pada Wanita dengan Sindrom Ovarium Polikistik Wahid, Hayder S. Abdul; Ajlan, Salman K.; Kadhim, Amal Abdul Mahdi
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.257

Abstract

General Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, often associated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic dysfunction. Specific Background: Emerging evidence suggests that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) may contribute to the metabolic and cardiovascular complications of PCOS, yet its relationship with IR and β-cell function remains unclear. Knowledge Gap: While previous studies have linked homocysteine (Hcy) to insulin sensitivity, limited data exist regarding its direct correlation with β-cell activity in PCOS patients. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of Hcy levels with IR and β-cell function among women diagnosed with PCOS. Results: In a case-control design including 100 PCOS patients and 100 controls, women with PCOS exhibited significantly higher Hcy, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, testosterone, and HbA1c levels. Hcy correlated positively with HOMA-IR, fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and testosterone, but showed no significant association with β-cell function. Novelty: This study highlights Hcy as a strong metabolic marker linked to IR and glycemic dysregulation, independent of β-cell activity in PCOS. Implications: These findings suggest that elevated Hcy may exacerbate the risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease in women with PCOS, underscoring the need for early metabolic monitoring and intervention.Highlight : Strong correlation found between homocysteine and insulin resistance in PCOS women. Elevated insulin and glycaemic markers increase risk of T2D and related disorders. No significant correlation between homocysteine and β-cell function. Keywords : Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Homocysteine, Insulin Resistance, β-cell Function, Cardiovascular Disease

Page 22 of 27 | Total Record : 268

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