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Journal for Research in Public Health
Published by Universitas Strada Indonesia
ISSN : 26856528     EISSN : 26855275     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30994/jrph
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Nursing Public Health
The Journal of Research in Public Health (JRPH) is a scholarly publication dedicated to advancing the understanding and practice of public health. Through rigorous research articles, reviews, and analyses, JRPH serves as a platform for the dissemination of knowledge and insights aimed at improving population health and well-being. Topics covered in the journal may include Public Health Epidemiology Administration and Health Policy Health Promotion and Behavior Nursing Midwifery Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) JRPH provides valuable contributions to the academic community, policymakers, and practitioners striving to address contemporary public health challenges.
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Articles 96 Documents
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The Effect of Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) with Uterine Involution on First Day Post Partum Mothers Sefrina Rukmawati; Fatimah, Nur Aini
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): January
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v6i2.102

Abstract

Early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) is a breastfeeding practice carried out within the first hour after birth. This study aims to explore the influence of IMD on the uterine involution process in post partum mothers. Uterine involution is the process of the uterus returning to its normal size after giving birth, which is important for the mother's health. This study aims to explore the effect of IMD on uterine involution in postpartum mothers. By understanding this relationship, it is hoped that it can provide further insight into the importance of IMD in improving maternal and infant health and reducing the risk of postpartum complications. This research will also discuss the factors that influence the success of IMD and its impact on maternal health. Data shows that mothers who undergo IMD tend to experience uterine involution more quickly than those who do not. This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design involving 30 post partum mothers. The average height of the uterine fundus on the third day after delivery for the IMD group was 12 cm, while for the non-IMD group it was 15 cm (p < 0.01). On the seventh day, the average uterine fundal height for the IMD group decreased to 8 cm, while the non-IMD group was still at 10 cm (p < 0.01). The results showed that there was a significant influence between IMD and the speed of uterine involution. It is hoped that these findings will provide insight for health workers in efforts to improve maternal health after giving birth. Keywords: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding, Uterine Involution, Post Partum Mothers, Maternal Health, Postpartum.     I.  Introduction Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD) is a recommended practice to improve the health of mothers and babies after birth. IMD is carried out by giving the baby the opportunity to breastfeed within the first hour after birth. This practice is not only important for providing initial nutrition to babies, but also has a significant impact on maternal health, including the process of uterine involution. Uterine involution is the process of returning the size and position of the uterus to its normal state after giving birth. This process is very important to prevent postpartum complications, such as bleeding and infection. Based on data from WHO, around 830 women die every day due to complications related to pregnancy and childbirth, and many of these are caused by uterine involution (World Health Organization, 2020). Research shows that the practice of IMD can speed up the process of uterine involution, thereby reducing the risk of postpartum complications. However, even though there is a lot of evidence supporting the benefits of IMD, there are still challenges in implementing it in various countries, including Indonesia. In this context, this study aims to explore the effect of IMD on uterine involution in postpartum mothers. By understanding this relationship, it is hoped that it can provide further insight into the importance of IMD in improving maternal and infant health and reducing the risk of postpartum complications. This research will also discuss the factors that influence the success of IMD and its impact on maternal health.   II.             Methods This research uses an observational study design with a pre-experimental design type approach one group pre-post test design. Samples were taken randomly accidental sampling with the inclusion criteria of mothers who gave birth normally, and were willing to participate in the research. The total sample taken was 30 postpartum mothers. Divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group and the control group. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25.0 statistical software. The statistical test used was the t test to compare the average uterine involution between the groups who underwent IMD and those who did not. In addition, linear regression analysis was also carried out to identify factors that influence uterine involution. The analysis results are considered significant if the p value <0.05. III.          Results and Discussion The results of the study showed that there were significant differences in the uterine involution process between the groups who underwent IMD and those who did not. The average height of the uterine fundus on the third day after delivery for the IMD group was 12 cm, while for the non-IMD group it was 15 cm (p < 0.01). On the seventh day, the average uterine fundal height for the IMD group decreased to 8 cm, while the non-IMD group was still at 10 cm (p < 0.01). These data indicate that IMD practice contributes to accelerated uterine involution, which is in line with previous research which found that IMD can stimulate uterine contractions through the release of the hormone oxytocin (Nirmala et al., 2021). Linear regression analysis shows that factors such as level of education, social support, and previous experience in breastfeeding also have a significant effect on the uterine involution process. Mothers with a higher level of education tend to better understand the importance of IMD and are more motivated to do it. Social support from family and medical personnel also plays an important role in the success of IMD practice, which in turn has an impact on postpartum maternal health (Sari & Rachmawati, 2022). A relevant case example is a 28 year old mother who gave birth naturally and underwent IMD. This mother reported that she felt more comfortable and confident in breastfeeding her baby, which made her more motivated to maintain her health. The results of uterine fundus palpation showed that uterine involution was progressing well, with normal uterine fundus height on the third and seventh days. This case reflects the importance of support and education in IMD practice to support maternal health. Statistics from this study show that 75% of mothers who underwent IMD experienced good uterine involution, compared to only 45% in the non-IMD group. This shows that IMD is not only beneficial for the baby, but is also very important for the mother's health. This finding is in line with other research which shows that IMD can reduce the risk of postpartum bleeding and speed up the healing process (Putri, 2020). Thus, it is important to increase awareness and training for medical personnel and the public regarding the benefits of IMD. Educational programs involving families and communities also need to be strengthened to support IMD practices, so that they can maximize the benefits for maternal and infant health.   IV.  Conclusion Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the practice of Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) has a positive influence on the uterine involution process in postpartum mothers. Mothers who underwent IMD showed a faster uterine involution process compared to those who did not. Additionally, factors such as education, social support, and previous experience in breastfeeding also play an important role in the success of IMD practices and overall maternal health. Therefore, further efforts are needed to increase awareness and training regarding IMD among medical personnel and the public V.    References Nirmala, S., & Rachmawati, D. (2021). The Effect of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding on Uterine Involution in Postpartum Mothers. *Journal of Maternal and Child Health*, 6(1), 15-22. Putri, A. (2020). The Role of Early Breastfeeding Initiation in Reducing Postpartum Hemorrhage. *Health Science Journal*, 8(3), 45-50. Sari, R., & Rachmawati, D. (2022). Factors Influencing the Success of Early Breastfeeding Initiation in Postpartum Mothers. *International Journal of Nursing Studies*, 29(2), 100-110. World Health Organization. (2020). Maternal mortality. Retrieved from [WHO website](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality). Alavi, M., et al. (2020). The effect of early initiation of breastfeeding on uterine involution in postpartum women. *Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine*, 33(12), 2030-2035. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2021). Postpartum care. Retrieved from https://www.acog.org Bhandari, N., et al. (2019). Early initiation of breastfeeding and its impact on maternal and neonatal health: A systematic review. *International Breastfeeding Journal*, 14(1), 1-10. Dewi, R. S., et al. (2021). The impact of early breastfeeding initiation on uterine involution in postpartum mothers at Surabaya Hospital. *Indonesian Journal of Health Sciences*, 7(2), 45-50. Gavin, N. I., et al. (2005). Perinatal depression: A systematic review of prevalence and incidence. *Obstetrics & Gynecology*, 106(5), 1071-1083. Ghosh, S., et al. (2018). The role of oxytocin in uterine involution and breastfeeding: A review. *Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology*, 38(6), 823-829. Hidayati, S., et al. (2021). The effect of psychological support on postpartum depression among mothers in Jakarta. *Indonesian Journal of Psychiatry*, 4(1), 15-22. Kaur, M., et al. (2018). Oxytocin levels and uterine involution in breastfeeding mothers: A comparative study. *Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research*, 5(3), 400-404.
The Effect of Providing Health Education on Knowledge About Cinnamon for Reducing Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Sufferers in Sumengko Village Sukomoro District Nganjuk Regency Sony Wahyu Tri Cahyono; Oktaffrastya W. Septafani; Yolanda Herlinasari
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): January
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v6i2.103

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by excessive blood sugar levels which can result in long-term complications. One non-pharmacological treatment with herbal plants is cinnamon. In general, many people do not know how to understand the use of medicinal plants as anti-diabetics. This research aims to determine the effect of providing health education on knowledge about cinnamon for reducing blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus sufferers in Sumengko Village, Sukomoro District, Nganjuk Regency. The design of this research was pre-experimental with a pre-posttest design with one group (One Group Pre-Post Test Design) which was carried out on September 5 2023 in Sumengko Village, Sukomoro District, Nganjuk Regency. Population of 68 people suffering from Diabetes Mellitus, purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study was 54 respondents. The independent variable is Health Education about cinnamon which is measured using SAP Knowledge about cinnamon for reducing blood sugar levels. The dependent variable is knowledge about cinnamon for reducing sugar levels in diabetes mellitus sufferers using the Cinnamon Knowledge questionnaire. Statistical tests use Wilcoxon ρ-value = 0.000, ρ-value ≤ a (0.05). The results obtained from 54 respondents before providing Health Education, almost all of it had insufficient knowledge, 44 respondents (81.5%). After being given Health Education, the majority had good knowledge, 32 respondents (59.3%). Wilcoxon statistical test results ρ-value = 0.000, ρ-value ≤ a (0.05). So that Ha is accepted and there is an effect of providing Health Education on Knowledge about Cinnamon for Reducing Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Sufferers in Sumengko Village, Sukomoro District, Nganjuk Regency. Providing health education can increase the knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus sufferers about the use of cinnamon to control blood glucose levels.
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF PREGNANT WOMEN TOWARDS THE BEHAVIOR OF USING ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN PREGNANCY EXAMINATION AT THE MAIN INPATIENT CLINIC OF SRI HARTI SOEROSO, SURABAYA CITY Wulandari, Anggrawati; Linda Lutfiyatus Sholika
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): January
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v6i2.106

Abstract

The highs and lows of the problem are caused by lack of knowledge and attitudes toward behavior of using ultrasound in pregnancy checks. Influencing factors are factors related to use by pregnant women, including knowledge, attitudes and behavior of pregnant women. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behavior of pregnant women and the use of ultrasound in pregnancy examinations. The aim of this research is to determine the level of knowledge of pregnant women about Ultrasonography and their use of behavior to support pregnancy examinations.This research uses descriptive research with a cross sectional approach located in the city of Surabaya, East Java. The research sample was 20 people taken using the Accidental Sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used in this research is: Chi – Square. The results of this research show that 70% of pregnant women have good knowledge. The results of research in the attitude category were 65% in the good category, and the results of behavioral research were 55% in the good category regarding the use of ultrasound in pregnancy checks. The results of data analysis show that p value of 0.000 is less than 0.05, meaning there is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes in the behavior of using ultrasound. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the good knowledge possessed by pregnant women is supported by the attitudes and behavior of mothers who always carry out routine ultrasound examinations so that the health of the mother and fetus can be known well.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS ON KNOWLEDGE ABOUT MENOPAUSE OF ELDERLY POSYANDU PARTICIPANTS IN BLABAK VILLAGE, KEDIRI REGENCY Priyanto, Kurniawan Edi; Saifulah, Dedi
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): January
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v6i2.107

Abstract

One of the factors that affect women's readiness in facing menopause is maternal knowledge. The cause of the lack of maternal knowledge is education where each mother has a different last education. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education on knowledge about menopause in elderly posyandu participants in Blabak Village, Kediri Regency. The research design used by the researcher is a pre-experimental design with one-group pre-post test design research. The number of samples is 36 respondents with a population of 40 elderly people. with a simple random sampling technique. The research instrument uses a questionnaire. The independent variable is health education. The dependent variable is knowledge about menopause. The results of knowledge about menopause before health education were in the poor category of 27 respondents (75%). After health education about menopause, respondents experienced an increase in the category to good by 33 respondents (91.7%). The results of the study using the Wilcoxon Test with a value of α = 0.05 obtained a significant result of 0.000, because the significant value <0.05 which means that there is an effect of health education on knowledge about menopause in elderly posyandu participants in Blabak Village, Kediri Regency. In this study, knowledge after being given health education about menopause has increased. This proves that health education can be obtained, one of which is from listening and reading on health education videos. very influential on a person's knowledge because they get health education with material that is given repeatedly and discussions are held with respondents.
THE DESCRIPTION DASH DIET (DIETARY APPROACHES TO STOP HYPERTENSION) MEASURES IN ELDERLY HYPERTENSION IN ISMI MEDIKA CLINIC, KACAGAN VILLAGE, BERBEK DISTRICT, NGANJUK REGENCY Erni Tri Indarti; Fridelia Andani Putri
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v7i1.108

Abstract

In the elderly with hypertension are very vulnerable so it is recommended to be able to control hypertension well, to prevent more severe diseases. One way to control hypertension is to regulate diet with the DASH diet method. The DASH diet (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) which diet includes emphasizing several food components and nutrients in the form of fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, grains, poultry, fish, and nuts. The purpose of this study was to determine the DASH Diet Action (Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension) in the Elderly with Hypertension at the Ismi Medika Clinic, Kacangan Village, Berbek District, Nganjuk Regency. This study used a descriptive design which was carried out on June 1-2, 2024 at the Ismi Medika Clinic, Berbek District, Nganjuk Regency. The population in this study were 20 elderly with hypertension who visited the Ismi Medika Clinic. A sample of 20 respondents using the Total sampling technique. The research variable is the DASH diet action. Data collection using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that out of 20 respondents, a small portion, namely 3 respondents (15%) have good actions, a small portion, namely 5 respondents (25%) have sufficient actions, and the majority, namely 12 respondents (60%) have less actions. Based on the results of this study, the majority of respondents' DASH diet actions are in the less category. This can be influenced by age, last education, occupation, whether they have a history of hypertension, how long they have suffered from hypertension. To improve Actions about the DASH diet, namely education about the DASH diet, explaining in detail what the DASH diet is, its principles, and its benefits for health, especially in controlling blood pressure.
THE EFFECT OF BACK MASSAGE (EFFLEURAGE TECHNIQUE) ON CHANGES IN PAIN IN MOTHERS IN THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR Astutik, Puji; M.Wahyu Nur Arifin
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v7i1.109

Abstract

Labor pain causes uncoordinated uterine activity resulting in prolonged labor, this can be overcome with back massage (effleurage technique) to help relaxation and reduce labor pain in the first stage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of back massage (effleurage technique) on changes in maternal pain in the first stage of labor in the delivery room of Nganjuk Regional Hospital. The design of this study was pre-experimental with a one group pre-posttest design approach. Conducted on October 3-7, 2023 in the delivery room of Nganjuk Regional Hospital. The population of this study was all mothers giving birth in the first stage, totaling 39 people. The sampling technique used Accidental Sampling with a sample of 20 respondents. The Independent Variable is back massage (effleurage technique), the Dependent Variable is changes in pain in mothers giving birth in the first stage. Data collection for the Independent Variable uses SOP and the Dependent Variable uses Observation. Statistical tests use Wilcoxon with α = 0.05. The results of the study showed that out of 20 respondents before being given back massage (effleurage technique), most had a moderate pain scale of 15 respondents (75%) and almost half had a severe pain scale of 5 respondents (25%). After being given massage, almost all had a moderate pain scale of 18 respondents (90%). Because respondents who had severe pain decreased to moderate pain of 5 respondents (25%) and those who had moderate pain decreased to mild pain of 2 respondents (10%). Based on the results of the Wilcoxon statistical test with α = 0.05 and obtained p (value) = 0.008 ≤ α (0.05) which means Ha is accepted and there is an effect of back massage (effleurage technique) on changes in pain in mothers in the first stage of labor in the delivery room of Nganjuk Regional Hospital. Back massage (effleurage technique) can reduce back pain, reduce muscle tension and increase blood circulation in areas that are painful in mothers in the first stage of labor. Thus, it can provide an analgesic or pain-relieving effect on mothers who are in labor.
EFFLURAGE MASSAGE AGAINST LABOR PAIN WHEN IN ACTIVE PHASE Sefrina Rukmawati; Nur Aini Fatimah
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v7i1.110

Abstract

Childbirth is a physiological process that is often accompanied by significant pain, especially in the active phase of the first stage. This pain can affect the physical and psychological condition of the mother, which in turn can affect the labor process itself. One non-pharmacological intervention that can be used to reduce labor pain is the efflurage massage technique. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of efflurage massage in reducing labor pain in the active phase of the first stage. Using a quantitative approach with an experimental design, this research involved 30 pregnant women who were undergoing labor, who were divided into two groups, namely the treatment group and the control group. There are two variables in the research, namely efflurage massage and labor pain. The instrument used is Pain Observation. Statistical tests use the T Test. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in the level of labor pain in the group that received efflurage massage compared to the control group. The average VAS score before the intervention in the efflurage massage group was 7.5, while after the intervention it decreased to 4.2. In contrast, the control group showed little change, with a mean VAS score before intervention of 7.3 and after intervention being 6.8. Statistical analysis shows that this difference is significant with p < 0.01. These findings suggest that the efflurage massage technique may be an effective alternative for labor pain management. Efflurage massage was proven to be effective in reducing labor pain in the active phase of the first stage, with significant results in reducing pain scores compared to the control group. These findings support the idea that non-pharmacological interventions, such as massage, can be a safe and effective alternative for pain management during labor. Thus, it is important for healthcare professionals to consider implementing this technique in their daily practice Keywords: Efflurage Massage, Nyeri, Kala I
SELF CARE MANAGEMENT IN DIABETES MELITUS SUFFERERS AT NGANJUK COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER Sony Wahyu Tri Cahyono
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v7i1.111

Abstract

Self-care management of diabetes is the basis for successful treatment of diabetes mellitus and plays an important role in achieving blood sugar control, reducing the risk of complications, improving quality of life and reducing the incidence of hospitalization. Several problems that arise in DM patients can be controlled if the patient can apply self-care management behavior to their disease. The aim of this research is to determine self-care management in diabetes mellitus sufferers at the Nganjuk Community Health Center. This research used a descriptive research design and this research was conducted at the Nganjuk Community Health Center. With the total population of diabetes mellitus sufferers at the Nganjuk Community Health Center being 55 people. With a sample of 53 respondents suffering from diabetes mellitus using accidental sampling technique. The variable of this research is Self Care Management in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. The research instrument used a questionnaire. The results of this study showed that of the 53 respondents, 41 respondents (77%) had good self- care management, 10 respondents (19%) had sufficient self- care management and 2 respondents (4%) had poor self-care management. Based on this research, almost all of them are in the good self-care management category. This is influenced by gender, age, education level, and length of time suffering from DM. Some of these factors, gender has an influence on the quality of self-care management, that is, women care more about their health status so they have good quality self-care management. It is hoped that diabetes mellitus sufferers can maintain self-care management to prevent complications.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GESTATIONAL AGE AND LBW WITH HYPERBILIRUBIN INCIDENCE IN NEWBORN BABIES AT ANGGABERI COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER Tety Ripursari; Jumarni; Nur Yeny Hidajaturrokhmah; Agus Santoso
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v7i1.112

Abstract

Hyperbilirubinemia in premature babies has a higher incidence. Gestational age is the period of time since the fertilization of the egg until the birth of the baby. LBW is a condition where a newborn baby weighs less than 2,500 grams. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between gestational age and LBW with the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. This study used a descriptive correlation survey research design with a Cross Sectional approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 40. The results of the study: most of the gestational ages were aterm with no hyperbilirubinemia 18 respondents (69.2%), almost all of them were LBW with hyperbilirubinemia 17 respondents (77.3%), The results of the chi-square test showed gestational age with the incidence of Hyperbilirubin p-value (0.011), LBW with the incidence of hyperbilirubin p-value (0.000) which means there is a relationship between gestational age and LBW with the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns at the Anggaberi Health Center. It is expected that pregnant women routinely check their pregnancy with a midwife or hospital. Keywords: Gestational Age, Low Birth Weight, Hyperbilirubinemia
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL COMMUNICATION PATTERNS AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT DELAYS IN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN AT THE PUTRA BANGSA AN-NUUR BOARDING SCHOOL IN KEDIRI Eva Agustina Yalestyarini; Putri, Kanti Wahyuning Putri
Journal for Research in Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Master of Public Health Program Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/jrph.v7i1.113

Abstract

Delay in speaking is a tendency where the child is difficult in expressing desires or feelings to others such as, unable to speak clearly, and lack of vocabulary mastery that makes the child different from other children his age. This study aims to determine the Relationship between Parental Communication Patterns and Language Delay in Pre- School Age Children at Putra Bangsa An-Nuur Kindergarten, Pesantren Kediri. This study used Observational Analytic research method with Correlational Analytic design. With the Total Sampling technique, a sample of 70 respondents was obtained, the independent variable of parental communication patterns using a questionnaire and the dependent variable of language development delay. Chi-Square statistical test was used to determine the relationship between the two variables. The results of the study from 70 respondents found that most respondents had sufficient criteria in communication patterns, namely 26 respondents (74.3%) and respondents with sufficient criteria in communication patterns as many as 9 respondents (25.7%) and respondents with criteria not delayed in language development obtained 32 respondents (91.4%), and respondents with criteria delayed in language development were 3 respondents (9%). Analysis using the Chi-Square test obtained the results of p = 0.000> 0.05 which means there is a relationship between parental communication patterns and delays in language development at TK Putra Bangsa An-Nur Pesantren Kediri City. Parents who have effective communication patterns can help children develop better social and emotional skills, so that children can be better prepared to face future challenges.

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