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INDONESIA
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Published by Borneo Scientific Publishing
ISSN : 26226596     EISSN : 2622660X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53770/medica
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal), with registered number ISSN 2622-6596 (Print), 2622-660X (Online) is an Open Access and peer-reviewed journal presenting timely research on all aspects of health that other media have not published. Managed by the Borneo Scientific Publishing, published by Borneo Scientific Publishing. MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) will publish journals three times yearly: January, May, and October. Manuscripts are published as original articles, review articles, and case reports. The Journal invites public health concerned with any of these areas to submit research on topics including, but not limited to Health promotion & disease prevention in all stages of human life, Medical laboratory, Nursing, Environmental Health, Epidemiology and biostatistics. Health policy and administration, Public health nutrition, Occupational health and safety, Health Promotion, Reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 87 Documents
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Lifestyle Related Chronic Kidney Disease Among Young Adults of Productive Age In Indonesia: Analysis of The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey Akmal Fauzi; Yunita Dyah Puspita Santik; Arulita Ika Fibriana; Anwar Muttaqien
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i5.974

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has traditionally been associated with older adults; however, its prevalence among adolescents and young adults has increased in recent years, largely due to changing lifestyle patterns. This trend threatens the productivity of the younger generation and may increase the burden on Indonesia’s healthcare system. This study aimed to analyze lifestyle-related factors associated with CKD among Indonesian young adult males aged 15–24 years. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI). Total sampling was applied to eligible respondents, resulting in 46,510 male participants after excluding female respondents to minimize sex-related confounding. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (p < 0.001) and hypertension status (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with CKD. Multivariable analysis revealed that hypertension was the strongest factor associated with CKD among young adults, while the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages also remained significantly associated with the condition. These findings highlight the importance of early prevention strategies focusing on blood pressure control and healthier dietary behaviors to reduce the risk of CKD in young populations. However, because of the cross-sectional design, the study can only identify associations and cannot establish causal relationships between lifestyle factors and CKD.
Effects of Stability Ball Core Exercises on Gluteus Maximus, Hamstring, Gastrocnemius, and Soleus Muscle Strength Among Post-Stroke Patients Annisa Nuraini; Erni Buston; Efrizon Efrizon
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i5.982

Abstract

Indonesia is the first rank of people with stroke in Asia and contribute 4.62% of all causes of mortality. It was predicted that in 2030, the number will increase to 23.3 million mortalities due to stroke. In Indonesia, in 2021, 12 people out of 1000 were diagnosed with stroke. Most of these conditions resulted in muscle weaknesses, especially in the lower extremities. This condition is a barrier to daily activities related to physical movement. The aim of this study is to test the effect of stability ball core exercises on gluteus maximus, hamstring, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscle strength among post-stroke patients. This study is a quasi-experiment pre and post-test with intervention and control groups. The sample size in this study consisted of 20 patients for each group selected by purposive sampling. The Mann-Whitney statistical test analyzed the data. The result found that stability ball core exercise significantly improved the muscle strength of the Gluteus Maximus and Hamstring, but found no significance with the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The future study could add a follow-up study to evaluate the long-term impact of this treatment.
Association Between 2-Hour Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels and Acid Fast Bacilli Positivity Azhari Muslim; Karbito Karbito; Hardono Hardono
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i5.1055

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and hyperglycemia have a bidirectional relationship, whereby impaired glucose metabolism can weaken cellular immunity and potentially increase the bacterial burden, resulting in a higher degree of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positivity. Although the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2h-PPBG) test is a practical indicator of glucose intolerance, its association with AFB positivity in pulmonary TB patients remains inadequately explored. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between 2h-PPBG levels and the degree of AFB positivity among patients with pulmonary TB. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sukamaju Community Health Center in 2024 involving 60 adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with pulmonary TB and diabetes mellitus. Participants were selected based on confirmed pulmonary TB diagnosis and complete blood glucose records. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test and binary logistic regression. The results demonstrated a strong and statistically significant positive correlation between 2h-PPBG levels and the degree of AFB positivity. Logistic regression analysis indicated that every 10 mg/dL increase in 2h-PPBG was associated with a 9.3% increase in the odds of higher AFB positivity. In conclusion, elevated 2h-PPBG levels were significantly associated with greater AFB positivity among patients with pulmonary TB and diabetes mellitus. These findings highlight the importance of routine glycemic screening and optimal glucose control as part of comprehensive tuberculosis management to reduce disease severity and improve treatment outcomes.
The Relationship between Sociodemographic and Obstetric Characteristics and Adherence to Iron Supplementation among Pregnant Women Susilawati Susilawati; Ranti Lestari; Nuur Octascriptiriani; Shinta Utami; Naura Khaira Zahra Hasnul Aziz
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.929

Abstract

The high prevalence of anemia among pregnant women remains a serious public health problem. Adherence to iron supplementation is one strategy to prevent and control anemia during pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and adherence to iron supplementation among pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 72 pregnant women using total sampling in Cisarua Village, within the service area of Puskesmas Sukabumi, Sukabumi City. Data were collected using validated instruments, including a demographic questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The results showed significant associations between maternal age, education level, employment status, gestational age, parity, diagnosis of anemia, economic status, and information sources and adherence to iron supplementation (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified employment status as the strongest predictor of adherence (OR = 445.043), indicating that employed pregnant women were more likely to adhere to iron supplementation than unemployed pregnant women. These findings suggest that sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics are significantly associated with adherence to iron supplementation among pregnant women.
Potential of Borassus Flabellifer Linn Flower Extract as Antidiabetic: An Experimental Study in Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycemic Mice Ajeng Dian Pertiwi; Afflint Christin Djawa; Wulan Ratia Ratulangi; Tuhfatul Ulya; Haily Liduin Koyou; Musparlin Halid
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.980

Abstract

Hyperglycemia resulting from pancreatic β-cell damage remains a major challenge in diabetes mellitus management, highlighting the need for effective bioactive agents to reduce blood glucose levels. This study aimed to assess the antihyperglycemic activity of Borassus flabellifer Linn extract in alloxan-induced mice and to compare the efficacy across different doses. A post-test only control group design was applied with five groups: three treatment groups receiving B. flabellifer extract (200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW), a positive control, and a negative control (n=5 per group). Blood glucose levels were monitored for seven days after induction and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post hoc test. All three doses significantly reduced blood glucose levels compared to the negative control (p<0.05). The 600 mg/kgBW dose produced the largest absolute glucose reduction (261.6 mg/dL), while the 200 mg/kgBW dose achieved the best glucose normalization, reaching a final level of 109.4 mg/dL by day 7. These findings highlight a distinction between absolute reduction magnitude and degree of normalization that warrants careful interpretation. Due to the limited sample size (n=5 per group) and short observation period, these results should be considered preliminary. In conclusion, B. flabellifer Linn flower extract demonstrates antihyperglycemic potential across all tested doses. The 200 mg/kgBW dose showed the best glucose normalization, while the 600 mg/kgBW dose produced the largest absolute reduction. These preliminary results support its potential as a natural candidate for antidiabetic therapy and warrant further investigation into its mechanisms, phytochemical profile, and long-term safety.
Mental Health Support for Hemodialysis Patients and Families: Needs, Programs, and Barriers Puspa Wardhani; Fakrul Ardiansyah; Ruri Virdiyanti; Maulidah Maulidah; Suhendra Suhendra; Bernadette D. Quiambao
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.988

Abstract

Patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis frequently experience significant psychological distress and psychosocial challenges. At the same time, mental health services within dialysis settings remain insufficiently integrated and often overlook the needs of family caregivers.This study aimed to explore the needs, existing programs, and barriers to mental health service implementation for hemodialysis patients and their families at St. Vincentius General Hospital, Singkawang. Using a qualitative approach, 26 participants were recruited through purposive sampling, comprising 10 hemodialysis patients, 10 family caregivers, and 6 nurses. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and document review, and were analyzed using thematic analysis.The analysis revealed three major themes. First, patients and families reported significant psychosocial needs stemming from emotional distress, challenges in treatment adaptation, and caregiver burden. Second, existing mental health services were limited, informal, and primarily delivered through therapeutic communication and spiritual support without structured screening, counseling, or referral mechanisms. Third, critical implementation barriers were identified, including limited clinical time, high nursing workloads, insufficient mental health training, low awareness among stakeholders, and a lack of standardized referral pathways. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated, structured mental health services to enhance continuity of care and improve the well-being of hemodialysis patients and their families.
Geographical Analysis of Hypertension Distribution in Bengkulu City using a Geographic Information System Approach M. Fiqritama Duta Pramana; Vernonia Yora Saki; Rizkianti Anggraini; Hesty Rhauda Ashan; Ahmad Azmi Nasution
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.989

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most prevalent non-communicable disease and remains a major public health challenge worldwide. Understanding its spatial distribution is important for describing geographical variations in disease burden and supporting evidence based public health planning. This study aimed to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of reported hypertension cases in Bengkulu City, Indonesia during the period 2020-2024. A quantitative approach with a descriptive ecological desgin was employed using secondary data on hypertension cases among individuals aged ≥15 years obtained from 20 public health centers. Spatial analysis was conducted using Geographic Information System (GIS) and hypertension case distribution was classified into low, moderate, and high categories using the Equal Interval method. The findings revealed substantial spatial and temporal variation in reported hypertension cases throughout the study period. Most areas of Bengkulu City were consistently classified in the high category, with complete spatial coverage observed in 2021, 2022, and 2024, whereas limited moderate category areas emerged in 2023. Districts including Selebar, Gading Cempaka, Ratu Agung, Singgaran Pati, Muara Bangka Hulu, and Kampung Melayu repeatedly exhibited higher reported case burdens than other areas. However, considerable fluctuations in the annual number of reported cases were observed and should be interpreted cautiously, as variations in surveillance systems, reporting pratices, and health service utilization may have influenced the reported patterns. Overall, hypertension remained widely distributed across Bengkulu City during the study period. GIS based mapping provides useful baseline information for public health surveillance and may support the development of geographically targeted prevention and control strategies.
Effect of Theory of Planned Behaviour-Based Structured Education on Knowledge and Interdialytic Weight Gain Among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Diah Setiani; Rosdiana Rosdiana; Rivan Firdaus; Indah Nur Imamah; Hesti Prawita Widiastuti
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.1005

Abstract

Globally, CKD and ESRD continue to increase substantially with the majority receiving dialysis treatment, involves an irreversible decline in kidney function so that continuous dialysis is carried out for survival. The success of haemodialysis therapy is highly dependent on patient adherence, especially in controlling interdialytic weight gain (IDWG). Knowledge and behavior patient are required in the control of IDWG. One of the health education models is used to increase knowledge so that it has an impact on health-related behaviour change, namely Planned Behaviour Theory (TPB). This study aimed to determine the effect of Theory Planned Behaviour-based structured education on knowledge of fluid restriction and IDWG reduction in CKD patients on haemodialysis. The research employed a quantitative method design using an quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group design. The population of all patients analyzed at the Inche Abdoel Moeis Regional General Hospital, Samarinda, amounted to 60 respondents, sample technique used purposive sampling (according to the inclusion criteria), each group amounted to 30 respondents (with intervention and control groups) The intervention group received structured education based on the TPB and fluid evaluation monitoring with discussion forums. Intervention groups are given with a frequency of education 2x a week, the duration education was 30 minutes and then total implementation was 4 weeks, used instruments consisting of the SOP for Providing TPB-Based Education, IDWG observation sheets, and questionnaires (the questionnaire validity and reliability Cronbach’s Alpha is 0.760). And statistical tests using paired t-tests and independent t-tests. The results of the hypothesis test in the intervention group with the Paired T-test obtained a p value of 0.000<0.05. Meanwhile, in the control group, the p-value was 0.053>0.05. There were significant differences between the intervention and control groups, so it was concluded that there was an effect of TPB-based structured education on knowledge of fluid restriction and IDWG reduction in CKD patients on haemodialysis.
Effect of Nurse-Led Education on Knowledge and Self-Management in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Sila Dewi Anggreni; Suhaimi Suhaimi; Lina Erlina; Harmilah Harmilah; Efyra Efyra; Zolla Amely Ilda; Elvi Oktarina; Yosi Suryarinilsih
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.1046

Abstract

Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) require effective self-management to reduce complications and recurrent cardiovascular events. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of structured nurse-led education during hospitalization remains limited. This study evaluated the effect of a structured nurse-led heart and diabetes education program on knowledge and self-management among hospitalized patients with ACS and T2DM. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest study without a control group was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, between October and November 2024. Fifty eligible patients participated in a two-session nurse-led educational intervention. Knowledge and self-management were assessed at baseline and seven days after the intervention using validated instruments. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests with 95% confidence intervals and effect size estimation. Knowledge scores increased significantly from 19.96 ± 3.69 to 22.68 ± 1.70 (mean difference = 2.72; 95% CI: 2.02–3.42; p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.94), indicating a large educational effect. Self-management scores also improved significantly from 98.38 ± 15.30 to 100.48 ± 13.32 (mean difference = 2.10; 95% CI: 0.79–3.41; p = 0.002), although the effect size was small (Cohen’s d = 0.15). These findings suggest that structured nurse-led education effectively improves disease-related knowledge and promotes early self-management among hospitalized patients with ACS and T2DM. Integrating structured educational interventions into routine discharge planning may strengthen transitional cardiometabolic care, although randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the sustainability of these outcomes.
Selected Risky Food Consumption and Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults in West Sumatra Aini Yusra; Yosi Suryarinilsih; Nova Yanti; Titin Sumarni; Wella Meitri; Sri Dewi; Debby Ratno Kustanto
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v8i6.1049

Abstract

Dietary patterns may contribute to diabetes burden, but evidence from Indonesian provincial populations remains limited. This study assessed associations between selected processed/instant food and beverage indicators and doctor-diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) in West Sumatera. We analysed 31,921 survey respondents from West Sumatera using complex-sample weights. DM was defined as self-reported doctor diagnosis. Exposures were ever vs never consumption of salty foods, grilled foods, preserved meat/fish with additives, carbonated soft drinks, and instant noodles. Multivariable survey logistic regression produced adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The weighted prevalence of diagnosed DM was 1.4% (≈71,486 of 5,272,303). In adjusted models, respondents reporting ever consumption of preserved meat/fish (AOR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.47–0.89), carbonated soft drinks (AOR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.28–0.52), and instant noodles (AOR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.40–0.78) had lower odds of doctor-diagnosed diabetes mellitus than those reporting never consumption. Salty foods (AOR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.64–1.46) and grilled foods (AOR = 1.27; 95% CI: 0.88–1.82) were not significantly associated. These inverse associations should be interpreted cautiously because they are likely to reflect reverse causality, post-diagnosis dietary modification, and residual confounding rather than protective effects of these foods. The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed diabetes mellitus in West Sumatra was low. Although several processed-food indicators showed inverse associations with diagnosed diabetes mellitus, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of protective effects. Instead, they are more likely explained by reverse causality, behavioral modification following diagnosis, underdiagnosis, and residual confounding. Prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify the causal relationship between dietary behaviors and diabetes risk.

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