ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation
Journal is a peer-reviewed, four-color, professional journal. Continuously published since 2012, Active serves as an authoritative, professional source for educators in physical education, sports, health, and recreation in all settings. It provides the information needed to assist students and clients in learning motor skills, improving fitness, and pursuing physical activity and sport participation safely and appropriately. Active features articles about teaching methods, curriculum, teacher preparation, professional issues, coaching, youth sports, fitness, recreation, and heatlh. Regular departments offer teaching tips, analysis of lawsuits, technology updates, and viewpoints about the professions.
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<![CDATA[Postural Improvement Through Progressive Strengthening of Serratus Anterior and Rhomboid Muscle in Forward Head Posture Cases ]]>
<![CDATA[Bustam, Ika Guslanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Yudiansyah]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.31444
<![CDATA[Forward Head Posture (FHP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder, especially among university students engaged in prolonged sedentary activities. Weakness in scapular stabilizing muscles such as the serratus anterior and rhomboids contributes significantly to postural misalignment and associated pain. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of progressive strengthening exercises targeting the serratus anterior and rhomboid muscles in improving craniovertebral angle, reducing neck pain, and enhancing functional outcomes in final-year university students with FHP. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was employed involving 67 final-year students. Participants were divided into an intervention group (n=33) and a control group (n=34). The intervention group underwent a progressive strengthening program 3 sessions per week over 4 weeks, while the control group received no physiotherapy. Outcome measures included craniovertebral angle (CVA), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, and the Neck Disability Index (NDI). The intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in CVA increased from 42.1° ± 2.5° to 49.3° ± 2.8° (p < 0.001), compared to a non-significant change in the control group 42.5° ± 2.3° to 43.1° ± 2.6° (p < 0.001). NRS decreased from 5.6 ± 1.2 to 2.1 ± 0.9 (p = 0.000), and NDI scores dropped from 32.4 ± 4.7 to 15.3 ± 3.9 (p = 0.000). The control group showed no significant changes in any measure. Progressive strengthening of the serratus anterior and rhomboid muscles is effective in correcting forward head posture, alleviating pain, and improving cervical function. These findings support the integration of targeted postural exercises into student wellness and physiotherapy programs. ]]>
<![CDATA[The Influence of Physical Activity on Quality of Life and Anxiety among University Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Husni Mubarak]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustika Fitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Komarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.31847
<![CDATA[This study aimed to examine the influence of physical activity on quality of life and anxiety among university students involved in sports communities. The researcher also highlights the potential role of social support particularly from close individuals in enhancing student-athletes motivation. The subjects of this study were 65 students who participated in sports communities, selected using probability sampling through proportionate stratified random sampling. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing the third type of causal-comparative research, namely consequence exploration. The hypothesis was tested using bootstrapped regression analysis through SPSS version 27. The results showed that physical activity did not have a significant effect on any of the four dimensions of students’ quality of life: physical (p = 0.243), psychological (p = 0.155), social (p = 0.352), and environmental (p = 0.137). Additionally, physical activity did not show a significant effect on anxiety levels (p = 0.137). Since all significance values were greater than 0.05, the findings indicate that physical activity does not have a statistically significant influence on quality of life or anxiety among university students.]]>
<![CDATA[Flash Card-Based Basic Throwing And Catching Movement Learning Model For Grade V Elementary School Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Elma Maulida Wardhana]]>;
<![CDATA[Sujarwo]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan, Iwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Rihatno, Taufik]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.32200
<![CDATA[The basic movement of throwing and catching is one of the fundamental motor skills that must be mastered by students at the Elementary School level . This study aims to develop a flash card-based learning model for basic throwing and catching movements for fifth-grade elementary school students. This study uses the Research and Development (RnD) method that refers to the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) by involving 3 people as validators and 60 fifth-grade students as samples. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations and tests. The results of the study showed that 21 models were considered feasible and able to improve the learning of basic throwing and catching movements in fifth-grade elementary school students as indicated by the results of the N-Gain Score test which was quite effective and the t-test with a sig. value of 0.00 <0.05 which showed a significant increase in learning basic throwing and catching movements based on flash cards in fifth-grade elementary school students. The recommendation in this study is that the throwing and catching activity can be designed with interesting variations, providing space for active student participation, and utilizing examples that are relevant to students' lives.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Interval Training on Increasing VO2max in Freestyle Swimming Athletes ]]>
<![CDATA[Azzumar, Akmal Maulana]]>;
<![CDATA[Komarudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Gafur Ammar Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Mulyana]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.32204
<![CDATA[Swimming is one of the water sports that is already popular among the public, many components are needed to maximize swimming skills, one of which is aerobic endurance VO2MAX. This study aims to examine the effect of interval training on increasing VO2MAX of freestyle swimmers. This research method uses an experimental method with a One Group PreTest PostTest Design design involving 10 freestyle swimmers from the Water Speed Aquatic Club. Sample selection uses a Purposive Sampling technique, with 12 treatments. The instrument used to collect VO2MAX data is the Aerobic Step Test 5 x 200 meters, this instrument is applied before and after using a paired sample T-test. Based on the results of data processing spss, it shows that the Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.000 <0.05. The results of the pretest-posttest and the overall difference in athletes obtained a pretest score of 58.593 then an increase in the posttest with a value of 61,412 with an average value of 57.44. So it is concluded that there is an effect of interval training on increasing the VO2MAX of freestyle swimming athletes.]]>
<![CDATA[The Relationship Between Parental Support, Peer Environment, and Coaching Parenting Patterns with The Motivation to Practice in Adolescent Soccer Athletes ]]>
<![CDATA[David Cholik Perdana]]>;
<![CDATA[Berliana]]>;
<![CDATA[Fiametta Febrianty, Mona]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.32839
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine how parental support, the peer environment, and the coach's parenting style relate to the motivation of adolescent soccer athletes to practice. This study is a quantitative descriptive study. The population used was 30 SSB BIONSA soccer athletes. The sampling technique in this study used the total sampling technique. The sample in this study was 30 SSB BIONSA soccer athletes. The instruments used were the Parental Support Questionnaire, Peer Support Questionnaire, Coach Parenting Style Questionnaire, and Training Motivation Questionnaire. Based on the results of the study, parental support has a significant relationship with a significant value of 0.04, the peer environment does not have a significant relationship with a significant value of 0.57, and coach parenting style has a significant relationship with a significant value of 0.00, so it can be concluded that parental support has a significant relationship with the motivation to practice of adolescent soccer athletes, the peer environment does not have a significant relationship with the motivation to practice of adolescent soccer athletes, and coach parenting style has a significant relationship with the motivation to practice of adolescent soccer athletes.]]>
<![CDATA[Experiential Learning Intervention Through Outbound Activity Enhancement on Emotional Intelligence, Competitiveness, and Physical Fitness of Female Workers ]]>
<![CDATA[Ayuning Maharesti]]>;
<![CDATA[Berliana]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustika Fitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Komarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.33096
<![CDATA[In the era of global competition, the development of professional competencies of female workers faces specific challenges that require innovative approaches. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of experiential learning interventions through outbound activities in improving emotional intelligence and competitiveness of female workers. This study is motivated by the need of Daya Group Honda to develop female workers into division leaders in branches spread across West Java through the DBMP (Daya Basic Management Program). This study uses an experiential learning approach applied in outbound activities as a learning method through direct experience followed by structured reflection. Outbound activities were chosen because they offer a comprehensive framework for developing cognitive, emotional, and physical aspects simultaneously in a structured outdoor environment. This study involved 16 female employees from Daya Cipta Motor Group Honda Bandung who participated in a two-week experiential learning program through outbound activities. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires on emotional intelligence and competitiveness and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results revealed a significant improvement in emotional intelligence, while competitiveness showed no significant change. Theoretically, this study reinforces the development of Experiential Learning theory in the context of female human resource development. Practically, the findings provide valuable insights for the Ministry of Manpower and company management in formulating effective, evidence-based training programs that enhance emotional intelligence and promote sustainable competitiveness among female workers. The formulation of the research problem includes two main aspects: (1) the effect of experiential learning interventions through outbound activities on emotional intelligence of female workers, (2) the effect on competitiveness of female workers.]]>
<![CDATA[Pros and Cons of the Debate on the Implementation of the Latest Pencak Silat Regulations in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Subekti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rony]]>;
<![CDATA[Pradana Saputro, Deny]]>;
<![CDATA[Wijaya Kuswanto, Cahniyo]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.33110
<![CDATA[This study aims to explore the pros and cons of the discourse on the implementation of the latest pencak silat regulations passed by PERSILAT in 2021. The research method used was a mixed approach with a sequential exploratory model, beginning with qualitative analysis through documentation of public comments on social media, followed by a quantitative survey of administrators, coaches, athletes, and academics focused on pencak silat. The results indicate that the majority of respondents disapproved of the new rules. They argued that the rules failed to meet the expectations of practitioners, imitated other martial arts systems and risked diminishing the cultural uniqueness of pencak silat. When considering the pros and cons, this study revealed that those in favour of the new rules appreciated the efforts to modernise and internationalise pencak silat, particularly through technological integration, such as the use of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) system. Meanwhile, the contra group argued that the new regulations made the competition more complex and unsafe, and detached it from its traditional identity. Quantitatively, 83.4% of respondents favoured the old 2013 rules, while only 16.6% supported the new ones, emphasising a strong preference for preserving the sport's originality. These findings highlight the importance of a thorough review and stakeholder engagement before the new regulations are implemented more widely, particularly in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Resistance Band Training on Improving Basic Volleyball Techniques in Students Living in the Dogiyai Dormitory in Jayapura City ]]>
<![CDATA[Darius Yobee]]>;
<![CDATA[Putra, Miftah Fariz Prima]]>;
<![CDATA[Cukarso, Sulthan Hadist Ismaiedh]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.33247
<![CDATA[Volleyball requires mastery of basic techniques such as serving, passing, setting, smashing, and blocking. However, many players on the field have difficulty mastering these skills due to monotonous training methods. This study used a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design. The sample consisted of 40 students from the Dogiyai dormitory in Jayapura City who were selected using purposive sampling. The resistance band training program was implemented for six weeks with a frequency of three times per week, including serving, passing, setting, and smashing exercises. Data were obtained through a basic volleyball skills test, then analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and paired sample t-tests with the help of SPSS 22.0. The results showed an increase in the average score from 15.60 in the pretest to 17.75 in the posttest with a difference of 2.15 points. Normality and homogeneity tests showed that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, which means there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest. The use of resistance bands significantly improved basic volleyball technical skills among students at the Dogiyai dormitory in Jayapura City. These findings provide practical insights for coaches and educational institutions in designing more varied, effective, and efficient training methods.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Pulley Training on Leg Muscle Power in Swimming Athletes at the Bekasi Olympic Aquatic Club, Bekasi Regency ]]>
<![CDATA[Putra Septian]]>;
<![CDATA[Mia Kusumawati]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.33254
<![CDATA[Leg muscle power is a crucial physical component for swimmers, determining initial acceleration during starts and turns. This study explicitly analyzed the effect of a structured pulley training program on the leg muscle power of 30 swimmers at the Bekasi Olympic Aquatic Club, where limitations in this area were previously identified. Using a quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test-post-test design, athletes underwent a 14-day combined land and water pulley training intervention. Leg power was directly measured via Vertical Jump (VJ), while its functional impact was measured by 50-meter butterfly swim time. A Paired-Samples T-Test revealed two significant outcomes: first, a highly significant increase in leg power, evidenced by a 2.30 cm average increase in VJ height (t(29) = -8.460, p < .001); and second, a highly significant improvement in swim performance (t(29) = 6.565, p < .001). It is concluded that pulley training is a valid and effective intervention. These dual findings provide strong empirical evidence for coaches to implement this program to optimize athletes' fundamental physical capabilities and directly enhance competitive performance]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Handpaddle Aids on Freestyle Sprint Speed Over a Distance of 50 Meters ]]>
<![CDATA[Kamila Asari]]>;
<![CDATA[Nina Sutresna]]>;
<![CDATA[Widi Kusumah]]>
<![CDATA[ ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/active.v14i3.33276
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the effect of handpaddle use on 50-meter freestyle sprint speed in female novice athletes from the PRI Aquarius Club Bandung. The background of this study is based on the importance of speed as a primary indicator of swimming performance, where arm muscle strength and stroke technique efficiency are determining factors. Handpaddles were chosen as a training medium because they provide additional resistance that can increase strength while improving stroke technique. The research method used an experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study sample consisted of 10 athletes selected by purposive sampling and divided into two groups: the experimental group with handpaddle training and the group without handpaddles. The research instrument was a 50-meter freestyle swimming speed test with a digital stopwatch. The results showed that the group training with handpaddles experienced a more significant increase in speed than the group without handpaddles. These findings indicate that handpaddles are effective as a training medium for increasing arm muscle strength, technique efficiency, and maintaining sprint speed until the final phase of the race. This study confirms the novelty of the 50-meter sprint distance focus and the benefits of handpaddles in maintaining performance in the critical phase of the race. ]]>
