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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
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Articles 349 Documents
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Aplikasi Edible Coating dari Limbah Kulit Udang dengan Aditif Asap Cair untuk Kemasan Sosis Sapi Antibakteri Ramah Lingkungan Ardhiansyah, Hanif; Radenrara Dewi Artanti Putri; Catur Rini Widyastuti; Widi Astuti; Negoro, Gusti Maulana; Situmorang, Monatalia Lamtama; Hamid, Delvani Putri Faradilla
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.15484

Abstract

Edible coating is a food preservation technique by coating using antimicrobial substances which can inhibit the growth of bacteria. This research aims to develop an edible coating from shrimp shell waste with liquid smoke additives as antibacterial packaging for processing beef sausages. Chitosan is made in three stages, namely demineralization, deproteination and deacetylation. Beef sausages coated with edible coating were tested using organoleptic and antibacterial tests. The results of this research showed that the highest degree of deacetylation of chitosan was found in the variable concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 55% with a degree of deacetylation value of 93.59%. The water and protein content in beef sausages coated with edible coating with liquid smoke showed values of 52.45% and 12.65% on the 7th day. This is in accordance with the Indonesian National Standards (SNI). Coating beef sausages using edible coating from 2% chitosan with 8% liquid smoke solvent has antimicrobial properties because in the antibacterial test a clear zone appeared on the beef sausages coated with edible coating.
Pengaruh Waktu Iradiasi Ultrasonik dengan Aktivasi Kalium Hidroksida terhadap Sifat Fisis Karbon Aktif dari Serbuk Karet End Life Tire Arifin, Uma Fadzilia; Adetya, Nais Pinta; Pambudi, Wisnu; Listyalina, Latifah; Ratnaningsih, Wahyu
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.15549

Abstract

Processing End Life Tire (ELT) rubber powder into activated carbon is an alternative for handling tire waste. One way to improve physical properties such as proximate characteristics, surface area and pore diameter of activated carbon is through chemical activation assisted by ultrasonic irradiation. This research aims to determine the effect of ultrasonic irradiation time with potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation on the quality of ELT rubber activated carbon. Activated carbon was synthesized and activated using 30% KOH at various ultrasonic irradiation times, namely 0 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes. Based on the characterization results, activated carbon with an ultrasonic irradiation time of 30 minutes is the active carbon that has the most superior properties. The proximate characteristics of activated carbon meet the active carbon quality requirements of SNI 06–3730–1995 and have the highest surface area, namely 401.11 m2/g and pore diameter of 2.1652 nm, which is included in the mesoporous structure category so that it has the potential to be applied as an adsorbent for heavy metals from contaminated fluid.
Pengaruh Urutan Pencampuran Pemlastis pada Komponding Karet Terhadap Kinetika Vulkanisasi Menggunakan Model Deng-Isayev dan Kamal-Sorour Saputra, Andri; Agustian, Mertza Fitra
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.15550

Abstract

Plasticizers play an important role in the rubber industry to facilitate the dispersion of additives into rubber. This research aims to study the effect of plasticizer mixing sequence on vulcanization kinetics. This relates to its effect on printing time and energy, as well as the cost of electricity used. Compound A was made by adding plasticizer at the mastication stage and compound B was made by adding plasticizer at the masterbatch stage. Kinetic parameters were determined using Deng-Isayev and Kamal-Sorour models. The results show that the Deng-Isayev model is closer to the experimental data than the Kamal-Sorour model. Compound A has a k value (3.0635x10-6 sec-1) and cure index (0.8403) slightly lower than compound B with a k value 3.3511x10-6 sec-1 and cure index 0.9260. However, the mixing order of the plasticizers did not significantly affect the vulcanization performance, either the reaction speed constant, reaction order, induction time, optimal vulcanization time, and cure index.
Karakteristik Sifat Fisik Membran Elektrolit Polimer Berbasis Kitosan Larva Black Soldier Fly/Polivinil Alkohol/Poliakrilonitril dengan Penambahan Ammonium Klorida Muhammad Thoriq Al Fath; Dalimunthe, Nisaul Fadilah; Sidabutar, Rivaldi; Michael; Samosir, Rosma Natalia; Thiodorus Marvin Tjandra
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.15595

Abstract

Black soldier fly larvae shells/BSF-based chitosan can be utilized as polymer electrolyte membrane. This research aims to analyze the physical characteristics of BSF chitosan/PVA/PAN/NH4Cl by varying amount of chitosan and ratio of PVA: PAN. Membrane was fabricated using the phase inversion method. Polymer electrolyte with a mixture of 1.20 g of PVA/PAN with ratio variations of 10:90 and 20:80 and chitosan variations of 2.4 g; 2.8 g; and 3.2 g. Chitosan was also FTIR-characterized. Density and wáter absorption of polymer electrolyte with chitosan composition of 2.4 g; 2.8 g; 3.2 g and PVA/PAN ratio of 10:90 were 0.824 g/mL; 1 g/mL and 1.51 g/mL and water absorption 28.571%; 38.333%; and 46.154%, respectively; and at PVA/PAN ratio of 20:80 were 0.734 g/mL; 1.03 g/mL and 1.096 g/mL and water absorption 62.5%; 66.667% dan 100%, respectively. Best physical property was obtained with the incorporation of 2.4 g of chitosan and 10:90 PVA/PAN ratio.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Enzim, Ragi, dan Lama Fermentasi terhadap Pembuatan Bioetanol Berbahan Baku Chlorella pyrenoidosa Jannah, Asyeni Miftahul; Wahyuni, Indah; Amalia, Renanda; Savrinda, Cynthia; Hani, Indry Permata
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.15601

Abstract

The demand for energy is inversely proportional to the current amount of energy in Indonesia. In order to face this problem, it is necessary to develop renewable energy sources. This study was conducted to analyze enzymes effect in the Chlorella pyrenoidosa hydrolysis, analyze yeast effect and the fermentation time of Chlorella pyrenoidosa on the bioethanol produced. The variables used are variation of α-amylase enzyme concentration of 25%, 35%, 45% (v/w), and variation of yeast concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% (w/v) and fermentation time of 7, 9, 11 days. From the analysis conducted, the highest glucose content was 13.119%, which was in the variation of 45% (v/w) α-amylase enzyme concentration. The amount of enzyme concentration used was in accordance with glucose production. The highest bioethanol was obtained with a sample involving 10% (v/b) yeast fermented for 9 days, which amounted to 27%.
Pengaruh Jenis Cairan, Jenis Batang, dan Panjang Batang pada Penentuan Distribusi Ukuran Partikel Bubuk Kaca Menggunakan Buoyancy Weighing-Bar Method (BWM) Panjaitan, Ari Fernando; Sirait, Anrocki; Tambun, Rondang
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.15766

Abstract

Particle size distribution is one of the important physical parameters in industry. A new method has been developed, the buoyancy weighing-bar method to determine the particle size distribution. This study examines the application of the buoyancy weighing-bar method for the determination of the particle size distribution of glass powder. Measurements were made by varying the type of liquid, the type of rod, and the size of the rod length. From this study, it was obtained that the best condition in determining the particle size distribution of glass powder is using aluminum rods with a length of 210 mm in 96% ethanol. The results of determining the particle size distribution of glass powder by using the buoyancy weighing-bar method at the best conditions are comparable to the results of determining the particle size distribution obtained using the settling balance method.
Pengurangan Nilai COD pada Effluent Fermentor Biogas UASB-HCPB dengan Memanfaatkan Mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris Sidabutar, Rivaldi; Trisakti, Bambang; Irvan; Bani, Okta; Nasution, Juan Akmal
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.16161

Abstract

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the main waste generated from the palm oil industry. LCPKS has a COD level of 57,000-60,400 mg/L. High levels of COD can harm the environment. LCPKS treatment techniques generally use a combination of anaerobic and aerobic waste treatment methods. The anaerobic process has been conducted using a UASB-HCPB reactor. But, the COD levels of anaerobic results have not reached the quality standards so that further processing is needed. Microalgae have the potential to reduce contaminant levels in wastewater. Chlorella vulgaris microalgae is a microalgae that is widely used in wastewater treatment. This study utilized Chorella vulgaris in reducing the COD levels of the effluent of the UASB-HCPB biogas fermentor with variations in lighting intensity and variations in the ratio of effluent to microalgae. It was found that the lighting intensity of light:dark (24:0) hours provided optimal microalgae growth so as to provide the best COD reduction with a COD reduction efficiency of 87.5%. The ratio of microalgae to effluent of 1000 mL: 500 mL showed the best COD reduction with an efficiency of 93.75%.
Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid dan Kandungan Fitokimia Ekstrak Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L) dengan Berbantukan Microwave sebagai Potensi Bahan Aktif Tabir Surya Dalimunthe, Nisaul Fadilah; M. Thoriq Al Fath; Taslim; S. Ginting, M. Hendra; Farah Nurul Alifia; Berta, Grace Adela
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.16318

Abstract

The skin serves as a protective barrier against dust and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Excessive UV exposure is associated with accelerated skin aging, erythema, hyperpigmentation, and carcinogenesis. This study aimed to quantify flavonoid concentrations and characterize phytochemical constituents in shallot skin extracts for their potential as active ingredients in sunscreen formulations. Shallot skin was subjected to microwave assisted extraction using 70% ethanol as the solvent. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids in the extract. Flavonoid content was determined via UV-Vis spectrophotometry, yielding 36.33 mgQE/g. The high flavonoid concentration observed in shallot skin extract suggests its potential efficacy as an active ingredient in sunscreen formulations.
Transesterifikasi In Situ Minyak Biji Pepaya Menggunakan Ko-pelarut Tetrahidrofuran: Pengaruh Waktu Reaksi dan Penggunaan Katalis Natrium Hidroksida Elvianto Dwi Daryono; Muyassaroh; Hudha, Mohammad
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.16580

Abstract

The papaya seed oil is a non-food oil that can be used as raw material for biodiesel. The transesterification process using oil as raw material requires long process stages so it is not efficient. In situ transesterification with a co-solvent is an alternative to overcome this problem. This research aims to obtain optimum conditions for the in situ transesterification reaction of papaya seed oil with THF co-solvent. The research operating conditions included stirring speed 450 rpm, reaction at room temperature, oil:methanol molar ratio = 1:101.39, catalyst:oil molar ratio = 0.5:1, oil:THF molar ratio = 1: 67.85, reaction time are 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28 minutes and reactions with and without a NaOH catalyst. The best research conditions were obtained in the in situ transesterification reaction of papaya seed oil with THF co-solvent using a NaOH catalyst at a reaction time of 33 minutes, producing a crude yield of 74.38% and methyl esters concentration of 98,036.4 ppm and physical properties of biodiesel that met SNI 7182-2015, namely density 0.89 g/mL and acid number 0.44 mg KOH/g sample.
Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Partikel pada Pembuatan Bio-Briket dari Pelepah dan Tandan Buah Kosong Kelapa Sawit Syukri, Muhammad; Maisarah; Rangkuti, Ika Ucha Pradifta; Rahimah; Tama Harahap, Khaidir Ali; Nurhidayat, Taufik
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.17081

Abstract

Palm oil empty fruit bunches (EFB) and fronds are solid waste originating from palm oil processing which can be used as the main raw material for making briquettes. This is supported by its contents, namely lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. The smaller the particle size, the greater the compressive strength of the briquette, but the burning rate will be slower because the cavity/pores of the briquette are smaller. This research aims to determine the effect of particle (mesh) size on the characteristics of briquettes which include water content, ash content, density, compressive strength and burning rate as well as to determine the best composition of a mixture of empty oil palm fruit bunches and fronds. The results of this research show that the best particle size is 70 mesh briquettes with a raw material composition of 46% EFB and 46% fronds (1:1) with 8% tapioca flour adhesive. Biobriquettes with small particle sizes have lower calorific value. The results of this research indicate that the manufacture of briquettes is in accordance with the Standard Characteristics of SNI No. 1/6235/2000.

Page 33 of 35 | Total Record : 349

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